Traditionally, the loading of switch software is accomplished through a serial port. This approach is slow, inconvenient, and cannot be used for remote loading. To resolve these problems, the TFTP and FTP modules are introduced into the switch. With these modules, you can load/download software/files conveniently to the switch through an Ethernet port.

This chapter introduces how to load Boot ROM and host software to a switch locally and how to do this remotely.

When configuring Boot ROM and host software loading, go to these sections for information you are interested in:

l Introduction to Loading Approaches

l Local Software Loading

l Remote Software Loading

1.1 Introduction to Loading Approaches

You can load software locally by using:

l XMODEM through Console port

l TFTP through Ethernet port

l FTP through Ethernet port

You can load software remotely by using:

l FTP

l TFTP

& Note:

The Boot ROM software version should be compatible with the host software version when you load the Boot ROM and host software.

1.2 Local Software Loading

If your terminal is directly connected to the switch, you can load the Boot ROM and host software locally.

Before loading the software, make sure that your terminal is correctly connected to the switch to insure successful loading.

& Note:

The loading process of the Boot ROM software is the same as that of the host software, except that during the former process, you should press <Ctrl+U> and <Enter> after entering the Boot Menu and the system gives different prompts. The following text mainly describes the Boot ROM loading process.

1.2.1 Boot Menu

Starting......

RAMLine.....OK

System is booting..........***..........

******************************************

* *

* H3C S7506 BOOTROM, Version 530 *

* *

******************************************

Creation date : Apr 2 2007, 20:08:58

CPU type : MPC8245

CPU Clock Speed : 300Mhz

BUS Clock Speed : 33Mhz

BOOT_FLASH type : M29W040B

Flash Size : 32MB

Memory Size : 256MB

S7506 main board self testing................................

SDRAM Data lines Selftest.................................OK!

SDRAM Address lines Selftest..............................OK!

SDRAM fast selftest.......................................OK!

Please check LEDs.....................LEDs selftest finished!

CPLD selftest.............................................OK!

FPGA selftest.............................................OK!

The switch Mac address is .....................0000.0309.0004

Press Ctrl+B to enter Boot Menu... 0

Press <Ctrl+B>. The system displays:

Password :

& Note:

To enter the Boot Menu, you should press <Ctrl+B> within five seconds after the information “Press Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu...” appears. Otherwise, the system starts to decompress the program; and if you want to enter the Boot Menu at this time, you will have to restart the switch.

Input the correct Boot ROM password (no password is need by default). The system enters the Boot Menu:

BOOT MENU

1. Download application file to flash

2. Select application file to boot

3. Display all files in flash

4. Delete file from flash

5. Modify bootrom password

0. Reboot

Enter your choice(0-5):

1.2.2 Loading Software Using XMODEM through Console Port

I. Introduction to XMODEM

XMODEM is a file transfer protocol that is widely used due to its simplicity and good performance. XMODEM transfers files via Console port. It supports two types of data packets (128 bytes and 1 KB), two check methods (checksum and CRC), and multiple attempts of error packet retransmission (generally the maximum number of retransmission attempts is ten).

The XMODEM transmission procedure is completed by a receiving program and a sending program: The receiving program sends negotiation characters to negotiate a packet checking method. After the negotiation, the sending program starts to transmit data packets. When receiving a complete packet, the receiving program checks the packet using the agreed method. If the check succeeds, the receiving program sends an acknowledgement character and the sending program proceeds to send another packet; otherwise, the receiving program sends a negative acknowledgement character and the sending program retransmits the packet.

II. Loading Boot ROM software

Follow these steps to load the Boot ROM software:

Step 1: At the prompt "Enter your choice(0-5):" in the Boot Menu, press <Ctrl+U>, and then press <Enter> to enter the Boot ROM update menu shown below:

SRPG bootrom update menu:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Then you can choose different protocols to load Boot ROM.

Step 2: Enter 3 in the above menu to download the Boot ROM software using XMODEM. The system will prompt to enter the name of the Boot ROM file to load.

Load File name :S7500.btm

The system displays the following download baud rate setting menu:

Please select your download baudrate:

1: 9600

2: 19200

3: 38400

4: 57600

5: 115200

0: Return

Enter your choice(0-5):

Step 3: Choose an appropriate download baud rate. For example, if you enter 5, the baud rate 115200 bps is chosen and the system displays the following information:

Download baudrate is 115200 bps

Please change the terminal's baudrate to 115200 bps and select XMODEM protocol

Press enter key when ready

& Note:

If you have chosen 9600 bps as the download baud rate, you need not modify the HyperTerminal’s baud rate, and therefore you can skip Step 4 and 5 below and proceed to Step 6 directly. In this case, the system will not display the above information.

Following are configurations on PC. Take the HyperTerminal using Windows operating system as example.

Step 4: Choose [File/Properties] in HyperTerminal, click <Configure> in the pop-up dialog box, and then select the baud rate of 115200 bps in the Console port configuration dialog box that appears, as shown in Figure 1-1, Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-1 Properties dialog box

Figure 1-2 Console port configuration dialog box

Step 5: Click the <Disconnect> button to disconnect the HyperTerminal from the switch and then click the <Connect> button to reconnect the HyperTerminal to the switch, as shown in Figure 1-3.

Figure 1-3 Connect and disconnect buttons

& Note:

The new baud rate takes effect only after you disconnect and reconnect the HyperTerminal program.

Step 6: Press <Enter> to start downloading the program. The system displays the following information:

Now please start transfer file with XMODEM protocol.

If you want to exit, Press <Ctrl+X>.

Loading ...CCCCCCCCCC

Step 7: Choose [Transfer/Send File] in the HyperTerminal’s window, and click <Browse> in pop-up dialog box, as shown in Figure 1-4. Select the software you need to download, and set the protocol to XMODEM.

Figure 1-4 Send file dialog box

Step 8: Click <Send>. The system displays the page, as shown in Figure 1-5.

Figure 1-5 Sending file page

Step 9: After the download completes, the system displays the following information:

Loading ...CCCCCCCCCC done!

Step 10: Reset HyperTerminal’s baud rate to 9600 bps (refer to Step 4 and 5). Then, press any key as prompted. The system will display the following information when it completes the loading.

Bootrom updating.....................................done!

& Note:

l If the HyperTerminal’s baud rate is not reset to 9600 bps, the system prompts "Your baudrate should be set to 9600 bps again! Press enter key when ready".

l You need not reset the HyperTerminal’s baud rate and can skip the last step if you have chosen 9600 bps. In this case, the system upgrades Boot ROM automatically and prompts “Bootrom updating now.....................................done!”.

III. Loading host software

Follow these steps to load the host software:

Step 1: Select <1> in Boot Menu and press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Step 2: Enter 3 in the above menu to download the host software using XMODEM.

The subsequent steps are the same as those for loading the Boot ROM software, except that the system gives the prompt for host software loading instead of Boot ROM loading.

1.2.3 Loading Software Using TFTP through Ethernet Port

I. Introduction to TFTP

TFTP, one protocol in TCP/IP protocol suite, is used for trivial file transfer between client and server. It uses UDP to provide unreliable data stream transfer service.

II. Loading Boot ROM software

Figure 1-6 Local loading using TFTP

Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-6, connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the TFTP server, and connect the switch through the Console port to the configuration PC.

& Note:

You can use one PC as both the configuration device and the TFTP server.

Step 2: Run the TFTP server program on the TFTP server, and specify the path of the program to be downloaded.

Caution:

TFTP server program is not provided with the H3C Series Ethernet Switches.

Step 3: Run the HyperTerminal program on the configuration PC. Start the switch. Then enter the Boot Menu.

At the prompt "Enter your choice(0-5):" in the Boot Menu, press <Ctrl+U>, and then press <Enter> to enter the Boot ROM update menu shown below:

SRPG bootrom update menu:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Step 4: Enter 1 to in the above menu to download the Boot ROM software using TFTP. Then set the following TFTP-related parameters as required:

Load File name :S7500.btm

Switch IP address :1.1.1.2

Server IP address :1.1.1.1

Step 5: Press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

Are you sure you want update SRPG bootrom?Yes or No(Y/N)

Step 6: Enter Y to start file downloading or N to return to the Bootrom update menu. If you enter Y, the system begins to download and update the Boot ROM software. Upon completion, the system displays the following information:

Prepare for loading...OK!

Loading........................................done

Bootrom updating..........done!

III. Loading host software

Follow these steps to load the host software.

Step 1: Select <1> in Boot Menu and press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):3

Step 2: Enter 1 in the above menu to download the host software using TFTP.

The subsequent steps are the same as those for loading the Boot ROM program, except that the system gives the prompt for host software loading instead of Boot ROM loading.

Caution:

When loading Boot ROM and host software using Boot menu, you are recommended to use the PC directly connected to the device as TFTP server to promote upgrading reliability.

1.2.4 Loading Software Using FTP through Ethernet Port

I. Introduction to FTP

FTP is an application-layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It is used for file transfer between server and client, and is widely used in IP networks.

You can use the switch as an FTP client or a server, and download software to the switch through an Ethernet port. The following is an example.

II. Loading Process Using FTP Client

l Loading Boot ROM software

Figure 1-7 Local loading using FTP client

Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-7, connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the FTP server, and connect the switch through the Console port to the configuration PC.

& Note:

You can use one computer as both configuration device and FTP server.

Step 2: Run the FTP server program on the FTP server, configure an FTP user name and password, and copy the program file to the specified FTP directory.

Step 3: Run the HyperTerminal program on the configuration PC. Start the switch. Then enter the Boot Menu.

At the prompt "Enter your choice(0-5):" in the Boot Menu, press <Ctrl+U>, and then press <Enter> to enter the Boot ROM update menu shown below:

SRPG bootrom update menu:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Step 4: Enter 2 in the above menu to download the Boot ROM software using FTP. Then set the following FTP-related parameters as required:

Load File name :S7500.btm

Switch IP address :10.1.1.2

Server IP address :10.1.1.1

FTP User Name :7500

FTP User Password :abc

Step 5: Press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

Are you sure you want update SRPG bootrom?Yes or No(Y/N)

Step 6: Enter Y to start file downloading or N to return to the Bootrom update menu. If you enter Y, the system begins to download and update the program. Upon completion, the system displays the following information:

Prepare for loading...OK!

Loading........................................done

Bootrom updating..........done!

l Loading host software

Follow these steps to load the host software:

Step 1: Select <1> in Boot Menu and press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Enter 2 in the above menu to download the host software using FTP.

The subsequent steps are the same as those for loading the Boot ROM program, except for that the system gives the prompt for host software loading instead of Boot ROM loading.

Caution:

When loading Boot ROM and host software using Boot menu, you are recommended to use the PC directly connected to the device as TFTP server to promote upgrading reliability.

1.3 Remote Software Loading

If your terminal is not directly connected to the switch, you can telnet to the switch, and use FTP or TFTP to load Boot ROM and host software remotely.

1.3.1 Remote Loading Using FTP

I. Loading Process Using FTP Client

1) Loading Boot ROM

As shown in Figure 1-8, a PC is used as both the configuration device and the FTP server. You can telnet to the switch, and then execute the FTP commands to download the Boot ROM program s7500.btm from the remote FTP server (with an IP address 10.1.1.1) to the switch.

Figure 1-8 Remote loading using FTP

Step 1: Download the software to the switch using FTP commands.

<H3C> ftp 10.1.1.1

Trying ...

Press CTRL+K to abort

Connected.

220 WFTPD 2.0 service (by Texas Imperial Software) ready for new user

User(none):abc

331 Give me your password, please

Password:

230 Logged in successfully

[ftp] get s7500.btm

200 Port command okay.

150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for s7500.btm.

...226 Transfer complete.

FTP: 1177900 byte(s) received in 4.594 second(s) 256.39K byte(s)/sec.

[ftp] bye

& Note:

When using different FTP server software on PC, different information will be output to the switch.

Step 2: Update the Boot ROM program on SRPU of the switch.

<H3C> boot bootrom s7500.btm slot 0

This will update BootRom file on board 0 . Continue? [Y/N] y

Board 0 upgrading BOOTROM, please wait...

Upgrade board 0 BOOTROM succeeded!

Step 3: Restart the switch.

<H3C> reboot

& Note:

Before restarting the switch, make sure you have saved all other configurations that you want, so as to avoid losing configuration information.

2) Loading host software

Loading the host software is the same as loading the Boot ROM program, except for that the file to be downloaded is the host software file, and that you need to use the boot boot-loader command to select the host software at reboot of the switch.

After the above operations, the Boot ROM and host software loading is completed.

Pay attention to the following:

l The loading of Boot ROM and host software takes effect only after you restart the switch with the reboot command.

l If the space of the Flash memory is not enough, you can delete the useless files in the Flash memory before software downloading.

l No power-down is permitted during software loading.

II. Loading Process Using FTP Server

As shown in Figure 1-9, the switch is used as the FTP server. You can telnet to the switch, and then execute the FTP commands to download the Boot ROM program s7500.btm from the switch.

1) Loading Boot ROM

Figure 1-9 Remote loading using FTP server

Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-9, connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the PC (with IP address 10.1.1.1)

Step 2: Configure the IP address of VLAN 1 on the switch to 192.168.0.75, and subnet mask to 255.255.255.0.

& Note:

You can configure the IP address for any VLAN on the switch for FTP transmission. However, before configuring the IP address for a VLAN interface, you have to make sure whether the IP addresses of this VLAN and PC are routable.

<H3C> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[H3C] interface Vlan-interface 1

[H3C-Vlan-interface1] ip address 192.168.0.75 255.255.255.0

Step 3: Enable FTP service on the switch, configure the FTP user name to test, password to pass, and directory to FLASH root directory.

[H3C-Vlan-interface1] quit

[H3C] ftp server enable

[H3C] local-user test

New local user added.

[H3C-luser-test] password simple pass

[H3C-luser-test] service-type ftp ftp-directory flash:/

Step 4: Enable FTP client software on PC. Refer to Figure 1-10 for the command line interface in Windows operating system.

Figure 1-10 Command line interface

Step 5: Enter cd in the interface to switch to the path that the Boot ROM upgrade file is to be stored, and assume the name of the path is “D:\Bootrom”, as shown in Figure 1-11.

Figure 1-11 Switch to Boot ROM

Step 6: Enter “ftp 192.168.0.75” and enter the user name test, password pass, as shown in Figure 1-12, to log on the FTP server.

Figure 1-12 Log on the FTP server

Step 7: Use the put command to upload the file s7500.btm to the switch, as shown in Figure 1-13.

Figure 1-13 Upload file s7500.btm to the switch

Step 8: Configure s7500.btm to be the Boot ROM at reboot, and then restart the switch.

<H3C> boot bootrom s7500.btm slot 0

This will update BootRom file on board 0 . Continue? [Y/N] y

Board 0 upgrading BOOTROM, please wait...

Upgrade board 0 BOOTROM succeeded!

<H3C> reboot

When rebooting the switch, use the file s7500.btm as Boot ROM to finish Boot ROM loading.

2) Loading host software

& Note:

l The steps listed above are performed in the Windows operating system, if you use other FTP client software, refer to the corresponding user’s guide before operation.

l Only the configurations steps concerning loading are illustrated here, for detailed description on the corresponding configuration commands, refer to the chapter “FTP and TFTP”.

1.3.2 Remote Loading Using TFTP

The remote loading using TFTP is similar to that using FTP. The only difference is that TFTP is used instead off FTP to load software to the switch, and the switch can only act as a TFTP client.

Caution:

l SRPU software and LPU (line processing unit) software must be identical. Otherwise S7500 Ethernet Switches cannot work normally.

l To keep the software of SRPU and LPU identical, you need to restart the LPU after you upgrade the host software of the SRPU of the S7500 series Ethernet switches.

l S7506R switches feature the double SRPUs and active-standby switchover function. If a switch possesses two SRPUs, with the active-standby switchover function enabled, you can in turn upgrade and restart the two SRPUs with one SRPU being active. Although SRPU can be upgraded through hot backup, because the LPU must be restarted to keep identical with the SRPU’s software, your services will still be interrupted during the LPU restart period. Therefore, you are recommended to restart the whole switch straight after you upgrade the host software of the SRPU of the S7506R switch.

Chapter 2 Basic System Configuration and Debugging

When configuring basic system configuration and debugging, go to these sections for information you are interested in:

l Basic System Configuration

l Displaying the System Status

l System Debugging

2.1 Basic System Configuration

2.1.1 Basic System Configuration Task List

Complete these tasks to configure basic system configuration:

Task	Remarks
Entering System View from User View	—
Setting the System Name of the Switch	Optional
Setting the Date and Time of the System	Optional
Setting the Local Time Zone	Optional
Setting the Daylight Saving Time	Optional
Setting the CLI Language Mode	Optional
Returning from Current View to Lower Level View	—
Returning from Current View to User View	—

2.1.2 Entering System View from User View

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view from user view	system-view	—

2.1.3 Setting the System Name of the Switch

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Set the system name of the switch	sysname sysname	Optional By default, the name is H3C.

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

—

Set the system name of the switch

sysname sysname

Optional

By default, the name is H3C.

2.1.4 Setting the Date and Time of the System

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Set the current date and time of the system	clock datetime HH:MM:SS YYYY/MM/DD	Optional

2.1.5 Setting the Local Time Zone

This configuration task is to set the name of the local time zone and the difference between the local time zone and the standard UTC (universal time coordinated) time.

Follow the step to set the local time zone:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Set the local time zone	clock timezone zone-name { add \| minus } HH:MM:SS	Optional By default, it is the UTC time zone.

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Set the local time zone

clock timezone zone-name { add | minus } HH:MM:SS

Optional

By default, it is the UTC time zone.

2.1.6 Setting the Daylight Saving Time

This configuration task is to set the name, time range (start time and end time), and time offset of the daylight saving time. The operation here saves you from manually adjust the system time.

l When the system reaches the specified start time, it automatically adds the specified offset to the current time, so as to toggle the system time to the daylight saving time.

l When the system reaches the specified end time, it automatically subtracts the specified offset from the current time, so as to toggle the daylight saving time to normal system time.

Follow the step to set the daylight saving time:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Set the name and time range of the daylight saving time	clock summer-time zone-name one-off start-time start-date end-time end-date offset-time clock summer-time zone-name repeating { start-time start-date end-time end-date \| start-time start-year start-month start-week start-day end-time end-year end-month end-week end-day } offset-time	Optional Available in user view

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Set the name and time range of the daylight saving time

clock summer-time zone-name one-off start-time start-date end-time end-date offset-time

clock summer-time zone-name repeating { start-time start-date end-time end-date | start-time start-year start-month start-week start-day end-time end-year end-month end-week end-day } offset-time

Optional

Available in user view

2.1.7 Setting the CLI Language Mode

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Set the CLI language mode	language-mode { chinese \| english }	Optional By default, the command line interface (CLI) language mode is English.

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Set the CLI language mode

language-mode { chinese | english }

Optional

By default, the command line interface (CLI) language mode is English.

2.1.8 Returning from Current View to Lower Level View

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Return from current view to lower level view	quit	This operation will result in exiting the system if current view is user view.

2.1.9 Returning from Current View to User View

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Return from current view to user view	return	The composite key <Ctrl+Z> has the same effect with the return command.

2.2 Displaying the System Status

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Display the current date and time of the system	display clock	Available in any view
Display the version of the system	display version
Display the information about user terminal interfaces	display users [ all ]
Display the debugging status	display debugging [ interface interface-type interface-number ] [ module-name ]

2.3 System Debugging

2.3.1 Enabling/Disabling System Debugging

The Ethernet switch provides a variety of debugging functions. Most of the protocols and features supported by the Ethernet switch are provided with corresponding debugging functions. These debugging functions are a great help for you to diagnose and troubleshoot your switch system.

The output of debugging information is controlled by two kinds of switches:

l Protocol debugging, which controls whether the debugging information of a protocol is output.

l Terminal display, which controls whether the debugging information is output to a user screen.

The relation between the two switches is as follows:

Figure 2-1 Debugging information output

You can use the following commands to operate the two kinds of switches.

Perform the following operations in user view.

Follow these steps to enable debugging and terminal display:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enable system debugging	debugging { all [ timeout interval ] \| module-name debugging-option }	By default, all debugging is disabled in the system. Because the output of debugging information will affect the efficiency of the system, disable your debugging after you finish it.
Enable terminal display for debugging	terminal debugging	By default, terminal display for debugging is disabled.

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Enable system debugging

debugging { all [ timeout interval ] | module-name debugging-option }

By default, all debugging is disabled in the system.

Because the output of debugging information will affect the efficiency of the system, disable your debugging after you finish it.

Enable terminal display for debugging

terminal debugging

By default, terminal display for debugging is disabled.

2.3.2 Displaying Debugging Status

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Display all enabled debugging on the specified device	display debugging [ interface interface-type interface-number ] [ module-name ]	You can execute the display command in any view.

2.3.3 Displaying Operating Information about Modules in System

When your Ethernet switch is in trouble, you may need to view a lot of operating information to locate the problem. Each functional module has its own operating information display command(s). You can use the command here to display the current operating information about the modules (settled when this command is designed) in the system for troubleshooting your system.

Perform the following operation in any view.

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Display the current operation information about the modules in the system.	display diagnostic-information [ module-name ]	You can execute this command twice and find the difference between the two executing results to locate the problem.

Chapter 3 Network Connectivity Test

When configuring network connectivity test, go to these sections for information you are interested in:

l ping

l tracert

3.1 Network Connectivity Test

3.1.1 ping

You can use the ping command to check the network connectivity and the reachability of a host.

Table 3-1 The ping command

Operation	Command
Support IP protocol	ping [ -a ip-address \| -c count \| -d \| -f \| -h ttl \| -i interface-type interface-number \| -n \| - p pattern \| -q \| -r \| -s packetsize \| -t timeout \| -tos tos \| -v \| ip ]* host-ip
Support IPX protocol	ping ipx ipx-address [ -c count \| -s packetsize \| -t timeout ]*
Support CLNS protocol	ping clns nsap-address

This command can output the following results:

l Response status for each ping packet. If no response packet is received within the timeout time, the message "Request time out" is displayed. Otherwise, the number of data bytes, packet serial number, TTL (time to live) and response time of the response packet are displayed.

l Final statistics, including the numbers of sent packets and received response packets, the irresponsive packet percentage, and the minimum, average and maximum values of response time.

3.1.2 tracert

You can use the tracert command to trace the gateways a packet passes during its journey from the source to the destination. This command is mainly used to check the network connectivity. It can help you locate the trouble spot of the network.

The executing procedure of the tracert command is as follows: First, the source host sends a data packet with the TTL of 1, and the first hop device returns an ICMP error message indicating that it cannot forward this packet because of TTL timeout. Then, the source host resends the packet with the TTL of 2, and the second hop device also returns an ICMP TTL timeout message. This procedure goes on and on until the packet gets to the destination. During the procedure, the system records the source address of each ICMP TTL timeout message in order to offer the path that the packet passed through to the destination.

Table 3-2 The tracert command

Operation	Command
Support IP protocol	tracert [ -a source-ip \| -f first-TTL \| -m max-TTL \| -p port \| -q num-packet \| -w timeout ] * host
Support CLNS protocol	tracert clns [ -m max-TTL \| -n num-packet \| -t timeout \| -v ]* nsap-address

Chapter 4 Device Management

When configuring device management, go to these sections for information you are interested in:

l Introduction to Device Management

l Device Management Configuration

l Configuring Pause Frame Protection Mechanism

l Configuring Layer 3 Connectivity Detection

l Configuring Queue Traffic Monitoring

l Configuring Error Packets Monitoring

l Displaying the Device Management Configuration

l Remote Switch Update Configuration Example

& Note:

When different engines work together with a chassis, note that:

If the Salience III series engines and Salience III Edge engines work with the S7506R chassis without the XGbus silkscreen, the four SFP interfaces on the engine do not work.

If a Salience III engine or a Salience III Edge engine works with S7506R XGbus chassis, the four SFP interfaces on the engine all work normally.

When two Salience III engines or two Salience III Edge engines are inserted into the S7506R XGbus chassis,

l The first two SFP interfaces of the primary board and the first two SFP interfaces of the secondary board work normally. Services will not be interrupted during active-standby switchover.

l The last two SFP interfaces on the primary board and the last two interfaces on the secondary board do not work, and you can not see these four interfaces through command line interface.

l When the secondary board is inserted, configurations on the last two SFP interfaces of the primary board will not be sent to the first two SFP interfaces of the secondary board automatically, and you need to do this manually.

4.1 Introduction to Device Management

The device management function of the Ethernet switch can report the current status and event-debugging information of the boards to you. Through this function, you can maintain and manage your physical device, and restart the system when some functions of the system are abnormal.

4.2 Device Management Configuration

4.2.1 Device Management Configuration Task List

Complete these tasks to configure device management:

Task	Remarks
Restarting the Ethernet Switch	—
Rebooting a Card of Ethernet Switch	Optional
Scheduling a Reboot on the Switch	Optional
Specifying the APP to be Adopted at Reboot	Optional
Updating the Boot ROM	Optional
Upgrading Boot ROM along with the Upgrade of ARP	Optional
Setting Card Temperature Threshold	Optional
Enabling/Disabling RDRAM	Optional
Enabling System Load Sharing	Optional

4.2.2 Restarting the Ethernet Switch

You can perform the following operation in user view when the switch is in trouble or needs to be restarted.

& Note:

When rebooting, the system checks whether there is any configuration change. If there is, it prompts you to indicate whether or not to proceed. This prevents you from losing your original configuration due to oblivion after system reboot.

Follow the step to restart the Ethernet switch:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Restart the Ethernet switch	reboot	—

4.2.3 Rebooting a Card of Ethernet Switch

It would be necessary to reset a card of Ethernet switch when failure occurs.

Follow the step to reset a card:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Reset a card of Ethernet switch	reboot [ slot slot-number ]	Optional

The range of slot-number varies with the specific product type: for S7502, it is 0~2; for S7503, it is 0~3; for S7506, it is 0~6; for S7506R, it is 0~7. Choosing 0 means that you will reset the SRPU board, which is equivalent to resetting the system.

4.2.4 Scheduling a Reboot on the Switch

After you schedule a reboot on the switch, the switch will reboot at the specified time.

Follow these steps to schedule a reboot on the switch

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Schedule a reboot on the switch, and set the reboot date and time	schedule reboot at hh:mm [ yyyy/mm/dd ]	Optional
Schedule a reboot on the switch, and set the reboot waiting delay	schedule reboot delay { hhh:mm \| mmm }	Optional

& Note:

There is at most one minute defer for scheduled reboot, that is, the switch will reboot within one minute after reaching the specified reboot date and time.

4.2.5 Specifying the APP to be Adopted at Reboot

APP is the host software of the switch. If multiple APPs exist in the Flash memory, you can use the command here to specify the one that will be adopted when the switch reboots.

The S7500 series Ethernet switches feature double SRPUs. When both the active and standby SRPUs need to be upgraded, you need to specify the APP file used for the next startup for the active SRPU and the standby SRPU respectively. Note that, you must specify the APP file for the active SRPU from the Flash or CF card of the active SRPU, and that for the standby SRPU from the Flash or CF card of the standby SRPU.

Follow the step to specify the APP to be adopted at reboot:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Specify the APP to be adopted at reboot	boot boot-loader { primary \| backup } file-url	Optional Available in user view

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Specify the APP to be adopted at reboot

boot boot-loader { primary | backup } file-url

Optional

Available in user view

4.2.6 Updating the Boot ROM

You can use the Boot ROM application saved in the Flash memory of the switch to update the running Boot ROM application. With this command, a remote user can conveniently update the Boot Rom by uploading the Boot ROM to the switch through FTP and running this command. The Boot ROM can be used when the switch reboots.

Follow the step to update the Boot ROM:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Update the Boot ROM	boot bootrom file-url slot slot-list	Optional Available in user view

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Update the Boot ROM

boot bootrom file-url slot slot-list

Optional

Available in user view

4.2.7 Upgrading Boot ROM along with the Upgrade of ARP

Upgrading Boot ROM along with ARP can ensure the best matching between the version of current primary board and the version of Boot ROM, so as to avoid the mal-operations of some functions and features caused by unmatched versions.

This feature supports two upgrade types:

l Use the current boot file as the upgrade file of Boot ROM.

l Specify the ARP file as the upgrade file of Boot ROM.

Follow the step to configure to upgrade Boot ROM:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Use the current boot file to upgrade Boot ROM	boot bootrom default [ slot slot-list ]	Optional

Caution:

l If you do not specify the slot number to upgrade in the boot bootrom command, the system will upgrade all the cards working normally by default.

l After you specify the boot file of the primary board, if you want to upgrade Boot ROM, the system will upgrade all cards working normally by default. During the upgrade process, the system will prompt you to confirm whether to upgrade or not.

4.2.8 Setting Card Temperature Threshold

The switch system alarms when the temperature on a card exceeds a specified temperature range.

Follow the step to set card temperature threshold:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Set card temperature threshold	temperature-limit slot-number down-value up-value	Optional

4.2.9 Enabling/Disabling RDRAM

Using the following command, yon can enable or disable RDRAM (Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory) of the device.

Follow these steps to enable/disable RDRAM:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable RDRAM of the device	rdram enable	Optional By default, RDRAM is disabled.
Disable RDRAM of the device	rdram disable	Optional By default, RDRAM is disabled.

4.2.10 Enabling System Load Sharing

With system load sharing enabled, after an LPU receives traffic to be cross-card forwarded, load sharing is performed between the active SRPU and the standby SRPU.

Follow these steps to enable system load sharing:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable system load sharing function	loadsharing enable	Required By default, system load sharing is disabled.

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

—

Enable system load sharing function

loadsharing enable

Required

By default, system load sharing is disabled.

& Note:

l Only unicast traffic supports load sharing.

l Only the Salience III or Salience III Plus SRPU supports load sharing.

l Only LPU of XGbus type supports load sharing.

4.3 Configuring Pause Frame Protection Mechanism

Pause frames, which can be utilized as packets to attack a network, are used in traffic controlling. A switch that has pause frame protection mechanism enabled discards the detected pause frames that are utilized to attack the network it resides and logs these attacks in the logbuffer. If the switch experiences successive pause frame attacks, it sends messages to the console to warn users.

Caution:

Only A type cards support pause frame protection mechanism and the related commands. A type cards include: LS81FT48A, LS81FM24A, LS81FS24A, LS81GB8UA, and LS81GT8UA.

4.3.1 Pause Frame Protection Mechanism Configuration Task

The following describes the configuration tasks of Pause Frame protection mechanism.

Follow these steps to configure pause frame protection mechanism:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable pause frame protection mechanism	pause-protection enable slot slot-number	Required Pause frame protection mechanism is disabled by default.

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

—

Enable pause frame protection mechanism

pause-protection enable slot slot-number

Required

Pause frame protection mechanism is disabled by default.

4.3.2 Pause Frame Protection Mechanism Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

Enable pause frame protection mechanism on the card in Slot 7 of the switch.

II. Configuration procedure

1) Enter system view.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C]

2) Enable pause frame protection mechanism on the card seated in slot 7.

[H3C] pause-protection enable slot 7

4.4 Configuring Layer 3 Connectivity Detection

4.4.1 Introduction to layer 3 connectivity detection

The function that detects layer 3 connectivity is implemented as follows. Local devices send ARP request packets continuously to the IP addresses of the devices to be detected. Users can then locate, solve, and log link problems by monitoring the peer devices through the received ARP response packets.

& Note:

This function requires no Layer 3 device existing between the local peer and the remote peer.

4.4.2 Layer 3 Connectivity Detection Configuration Task

& Note:

Before performing this configuration, make sure the physical link between the local peer and the remote peer is correct, and the related VLAN interfaces are assigned with correct IP addresses.

Follow these steps to configure Layer 3 connectivity detection:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enter Ethernet interface view	interface interface-type interface-number	—
Enable Layer 3 connectivity detection function	uplink monitor ip ip-address	Required
Display information about Layer 3 connectivity between the local device and the remote device	display uplink monitor	Optional You can execute the display command in any view.

4.4.3 Layer 3 Connectivity Detection Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

l The physical link between the local peer and the remote peer is correct. The local peer port that is used to connect is Ethernet 4/0/1.

l The IP address of the Lay 3 interface of the remote peer is 1.1.1.1.

II. Configuration procedure

# Enter system view.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C]

# Enter Ethernet interface view.

[H3C] interface Ethernet 4/0/1

# Enable Layer 3 connectivity detection on Ethernet 4/0/1 interface and specify the IP address of the device (1.1.1.1) to be detected.

[H3C-Ethernet4/0/1] uplink monitor ip 1.1.1.1

4.5 Configuring Queue Traffic Monitoring

Upon enabling queue traffic monitoring on a switch, the switch monitors the queue traffic and relieves blocks in the output queue of its interfaces.

The criterion used to distinguish a block is that the queue is full, and the traffic of the corresponding interface is less than the specified threshold.

4.5.1 Queue Traffic Monitoring Configuration Task

The following describes configuration tasks of queue traffic monitoring.

Follow these steps to configure queue traffic monitoring:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable queue traffic monitoring	qe monitor enable	Required This function is enabled by default.
Set the overall traffic threshold	qe monitor overflow-threshold threshold	Optional 300,000,000 bps by default.

4.5.2 Queue Traffic Monitoring Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

l Enable queue traffic monitoring.

l Set the overall traffic threshold used in queue traffic monitoring to 90 Mbps.

II. Configuration procedure

# Enter system view.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C]

# Enable queue traffic monitoring.

[H3C] qe monitor enable

# Set the overall traffic threshold used in queue traffic monitoring to 90 Mbps.

[H3C] qe monitor overflow-threshold 90000000

4.6 Configuring Error Packets Monitoring

If the switch receives a great number of error packets, it will not be able to send/receive packets properly. With error packets monitoring enabled, the switch collects information about received error packets regularly. If error packets are detected, it takes protection measures to ensure that its interfaces send/receive packets properly.

4.6.1 Error Packets Monitoring Configuration Task

The following describes configuration tasks of error packets monitoring.

Follow these steps to configure error packets monitoring:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter the system view	system-view	—
Set the interval for detecting error packets	qe monitor errpkt check-time interval	Optional Defaults to 5 seconds.
Enter Ethernet interface view	interface interface-type interface-number	—
Enable error packets monitoring	qe monitor errpkt { all \| none \| runt }	Required. If you specify the keyword all in the command, the switch detects all error packets on current interface. If you specify the keyword runt, the switch only detects error packets that are of runt type on current interface. If you specify the keyword none, the switch does not detect the error packets on current interface.

4.6.2 Error Packets Monitoring Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

l Enable error packets monitoring on Ethernet 4/0/1 interface and only the packets that are of runt type are concerned.

l Set the interval for detecting error packets to 50 seconds.

II. Configuration procedure

# Enter system view.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C]

# Set the interval for detecting error packets to 50 seconds.

[H3C] qe monitor errpkt check-time 50

# Enter Ethernet interface view of Ethernet 4/0/1.

[H3C] interface Ethernet 4/0/1

[H3C-Ethernet4/0/1]

# Specify only detect current interface for error packets of runt type.

[H3C-Ethernet4/0/1] qe monitor errpkt runt

4.7 Displaying the Device Management Configuration

After the above configurations, you can execute the display command in any view to display the operating status of the device management to verify the configuration effects.

Follow these steps to display the operating status of the device management:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Display the APP to be adopted at reboot	display boot-loader	Available in any view.
Display the module type and operating status of each board	display device [ detail \| [ shelf shelf-no ] [ frame frame-no ] [ slot slot-number ] ]
Display information about environment used by a switch	display environment
Display the operating status of the built-in fan	display fan [ fan-id ]
Display the usage of s switch	display cpu [ slot slot-number ]
Display memory usage of a switch	display memory [ slot slot-number \| limit ]
Display the operating status of the power supply	display power [ power-id ]

4.8 Remote Switch Update Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

Telnet to the switch from a PC remotely and download applications from the FTP server to the Flash memory of the switch to remotely update the switch software by using the device management commands through CLI.

The switch acts as the FTP client, and the remote PC serves as both the configuration PC and the FTP server.

Perform the following configuration on the FTP server.

l Configure an FTP user, whose name and password are switch and hello respectively. Authorize the user with the read-write right of the Switch directory on the PC.

l Make appropriate configuration so that the IP address of a VLAN interface on the switch is 1.1.1.1, the IP address of the PC is 2.2.2.2, and the switch and the PC is reachable to each other.

The host software switch.app and the Boot ROM file boot.btm of the switch are stored into the directory of the switch. Use FTP to download the switch.app and boot.btm files from the FTP server to the switch.

II. Network diagram

Figure 4-1 Network diagram of FTP configuration

III. Configuration procedure

1) Configure the following FTP server–related parameters on the PC: an FTP user with the username and password as switch and hello respectively, and specify the working directory of the user as Switch. The detailed configuration is omitted here.

2) Configure the switch as follows:

# On the switch, configure a level 3 telnet user with the username and password as user and hello respectively. Authentication by user name and password is required for the user.

& Note:

Refer to Login Configuration and Login Commands in this manual for configuration commands and steps about telnet user.

# Execute the telnet command on the PC to log into the switch. The following prompt appears:

<H3C>

Caution:

If the Flash memory of the switch is not sufficient, delete the original applications in it before downloading the new ones.

# Initiate an FTP connection with the following command in user view. Input the correct user name and password to log into the FTP server.

<H3C> ftp 2.2.2.2

Trying ...

Press CTRL+K to abort

Connected.

220 WFTPD 2.0 service (by Texas Imperial Software) ready for new user

User(none):switch

331 Give me your password, please

Password:

230 Logged in successfully

[ftp]

# Execute the get command to download the switch.app and boot.btm files on the FTP server to the Flash memory of the switch.

[ftp] get switch.app

[ftp] get boot.btm

# Execute the quit command to terminate the FTP connection and return to user view.

[ftp] quit

<H3C>

# Update the Boot ROM.

<H3C> boot bootrom boot.btm slot 0

This will update BootRom file on board 0 . Continue? [Y/N] y

Board 0 upgrading BOOTROM, please wait...

Upgrade board 0 BOOTROM succeeded!

# Specify the downloaded application program as the host software to be adopted when the switch starts next time. Then restart the switch to update the host software of the switch.

<H3C> boot boot-loader primary switch.app

The specified file will be booted next time!

<H3C> display boot-loader

The primary app to boot of board 0 at the next time is: flash:/switch.app

The backup app to boot of board 0 at the next time is: flash:/old.app

The app to boot of board 0 at this time is: flash:/old.app

<H3C> reboot

System is checking configuration now. Please wait ...

This command will reboot the system. The current configuration has not been saved and will be lost if you continue. Continue? [Y/N] y

H3C S7500 Series Operation Manual(Release 3100 Series)-(V1.04)

Chapter 1 Boot ROM and Host Software Loading

1.2.2 Loading Software Using XMODEM through Console Port

I. Introduction to XMODEM

II. Loading Boot ROM software

III. Loading host software

1.2.3 Loading Software Using TFTP through Ethernet Port

I. Introduction to TFTP

II. Loading Boot ROM software

III. Loading host software

1.2.4 Loading Software Using FTP through Ethernet Port

I. Introduction to FTP

II. Loading Process Using FTP Client

I. Loading Process Using FTP Client

II. Loading Process Using FTP Server

Chapter 2 Basic System Configuration and Debugging

2.1.2 Entering System View from User View

2.1.4 Setting the Date and Time of the System

2.1.6 Setting the Daylight Saving Time

2.2 Displaying the System Status

Chapter 3 Network Connectivity Test

4.2.2 Restarting the Ethernet Switch

4.2.5 Specifying the APP to be Adopted at Reboot

4.2.8 Setting Card Temperature Threshold

I. Network requirements

II. Configuration procedure

I. Network requirements

II. Configuration procedure

I. Network requirements

II. Configuration procedure

I. Network requirements

II. Configuration procedure

4.7 Displaying the Device Management Configuration

4.8 Remote Switch Update Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

II. Network diagram

III. Configuration procedure

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