The information center is an indispensable part of Ethernet switches and exists as an information hub of system software modules. The information center manages most information outputs; it sorts information carefully, and hence can screen information in an efficient way. Combined with the debugging program (debugging commands), it provides powerful support for network administrators and developers in network operation monitoring and fault diagnosis.

Information items output by the S7500 Series Ethernet Switches are presented in the following format:

<priority>timestamp sysname module/level/digest:content

Here, angle brackets “<>”, spaces, slashes “/” and colon are the fixed format of information.

Below is an example of log output to a log host:

<188>Apr 9 17:28:50:524 2004 H3C IFNET/5/UPDOWN:Line protocol on the interface M-Ethernet0/0/0 is UP (SIP=10.5.1.5 ,SP=1080)

The following describes the fields of an information item:

1) Priority

The calculation formula for priority is: priority = facility × 8 + severity – 1. For Comware, the default facility value is 23 and severity ranges from 1 to 8. Refer to Table 1-2 for description of severity levels.

Note that no character is permitted between the priority and time stamp. The priority takes effect only when the information is sent to the log host.

2) Time stamp

The time stamp sent to the log host is in the format of Mmm dd hh:mm:ss yyyy:

“Mmm” represents a month, and the available values are: Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov and Dec.

“dd” is a date, which must follow a space if less than 10, for example, “ 7”.

“hh:mm:ss” is the local time, where “hh” is on the 24-hour basis, ranging from 00 to 23, both “mm” and ”ss” range from 00 to 59.

“yyyy” is a year.

Note that a space separates the time stamp and host name.

3) Host name

It refers to the system name of the host, which is “H3C” by default.

You can modify the host name using the sysname command. Refer to “System Maintaining and Debugging” part of the manual for detailed operations.

Note that a space separates the host name and module name.

4) Module name

It indicates the modules that generate the information. The module name indicates different modules in an abbreviation form. Table 1-1 gives examples of the modules.

Table 1-1 Examples of modules generating the information

Module name	Description
8021X	802.1x module
ACCOUNT	L3+ real-time accounting module
ACL	Access control list module
ADBM	Address base module
AM_USERB	Access management module
ARP	Address resolution protocol module
BGP	Border gateway protocol module
CFM	Configuration file management module
CLNP	Connectionless network protocol module
CLNSECHO	Connectionless network protocol echo module
CLST	Cluster management module
CMD	Command line module
COMMONSY	Common system MIB module
DEV	Device management module
DHCC	DHCP client module
DHCP	Dynamic host configuration protocol module
DHCPS	DHCP server module
DHCPSNP	DHCP snooping module
DLDP	Device link detection protocol module
DNS	Domain name system module
ENTEXMIB	Entity extended MIB module
ENTITY	Entity module
ESIS	End system to intermediate system routing protocol module
ETH	Ethernet module
FIB	Forwarding module
FTPS	FTP server module
HA	High availability module
HABP	Huawei authentication bypass protocol module
HTTPD	HTTP server module
HWCM	Huawei Configuration Management private MIB module
HWP	HWPing module
IFNET	Interface management module
IGSP	IGMP snooping module
IP	Internet protocol module
IPX	IPX protocol module
ISIS	Intermediate system-to-intermediate system intra-domain routing information exchange protocol module
L2INF	Layer 2 interface management module
LACL	Lanswitch access control list module
LARP	Address Resolution protocol module
LETH	Ethernet debugging module
LINKAGG	Link aggregation module
LQOS	Lanswitch quality of service module
LS	Local server module
MIX	Dual main control network management protocol
MODEM	MODEM module
MPM	Multicast port management module
MSDP	Multicast source discovery protocol module
MSTP	Multiple spanning tree protocol module
NAT	Network address translation module
NDP	Neighbor discovery protocol module
NETSTREA	Traffic statistic module
NTDP	Network topology discovery protocol module
NTP	Network time protocol module
OSPF	Open shortest path first module
RDS	Radius module
RM	Routing management module
RMON	Remote monitor module
RMX	IPX routing module
RRPP	Rapid ring protection protocol module
RSA	Revest, Shamir and Adleman encryption module
RTA	L3+ plug-in card traffic accounting module
RTPRO	Routing protocol module
RXTX	Lower layer packets receiving and transmitting module
SC	Server control module
SHELL	User interface module
SNMP	Simple network management protocol module
SOCKET	Socket module
SSH	Secure shell module
SYSM	System management module
SYSMIB	System MIB module
TAC	Terminal access controller module
TELNET	Telnet module
TFTPC	TFTP client module
TUNNEL	Packets transparent transmission module
UDPH	UDP helper module
USERLOG	User log module
VFS	Virtual file system module
VLAN	Virtual local area network module
VRRP	VRRP (virtual router redundancy protocol) module
VTY	VTY (virtual type terminal) module
default	Default settings for all the modules

Note that a slash (/) separates the module name and severity level.

5) Severity

Switch information falls into three categories: log information, debugging information and trap information. The information center classifies each category of information into eight levels by severity or emergency. The higher the information severity is, the smaller the corresponding level is. For example, the “debugging” severity corresponds to level 8, and the “emergencies“ severity corresponds to level 1. If filtered by severity, the information with a severity level greater than the defined threshold will not be output. Therefore, when the severity threshold is set to “debugging”, all information will be output. Refer to Table 1-2 for description of severity and corresponding levels.

Table 1-2 Severity definitions on the information center

Severity	Value	Description
emergencies	1	The system is unavailable.
alerts	2	Errors that need to be corrected immediately
critical	3	Critical errors
errors	4	Common errors
warnings	5	Warnings
notifications	6	Normal information that needs to be noticed
informational	7	Normal prompt information
debugging	8	Debugging information

Note that a slash (/) separates the level and digest.

6) Digest

It is a phrase of 1 to 32 characters, summarizing the information.

A colon (:) separates the digest and content.

7) Information text

Information text contains the detail of system information.

& Note:

The above section describes the formats of log information sent to a log host by a switch. Some log host software will resolve the received information and modify its format, so that you may see that the log format displayed on the log host is different from the one described in this manual.

1.2 Information Center Configuration

The switch supports information output to six directions, and the system assigns one information channel for each output direction by default, as shown in Table 1-3.

Table 1-3 Information channel names and numbers

Output direction	Channel number	Default channel name
Console	0	console
Monitor terminal	1	monitor
Log host	2	loghost
Trap buffer	3	trapbuffer
Log buffer	4	logbuffer
SNMP	5	snmpagent

& Note:

Settings for the six output directions are independent of one another. However, for any output direction, you must first enable the information center function to make all other settings effective.

The information center of the Ethernet switch features:

l Supporting six information output directions, namely, console (console), monitor terminal (monitor), log host (loghost), trap buffer (trapbuffer), log buffer (logbuffer) and SNMP (snmp agent).

l Filtering information by information severity (information is divided into eight severity levels).

l Filtering information by modules where information is generated.

l Language options (Chinese or English) for information output to a log host.

1.2.1 Enabling Information Output to a Log Host

Follow these steps to enable information output to a log host:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to a log host	info-center loghost host-ip-addr [ channel { channel-number \| channel-name } \| facility local-number \| language { chinese \| english } ]*	Required By default, the switch does not output information to the log host. After you configure the switch to output information to the log host, the switch uses information channel 2 by default. Be sure to set the correct IP address. A loopback IP address will cause an error message prompting an invalid address.
Configure the source interface through which log information is sent to the log host	info-center loghost source interface-type interface-number	Optional
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ { log \| trap \| debug } * { level severity \| state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of the time stamp	info-center timestamp { log \| trap \| debugging } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional

& Note:

To view the debugging information of specific modules, you need to set the information type to debug in the info-center source command, and enable debugging for corresponding modules through the debugging command.

1.2.2 Enabling Information Output to the Console

Follow these steps to enable information output to the console:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the console	info-center console channel { channel-number \| channel-name }	Required By default, the switch uses information channel 0 to output log/debugging/trap information to the console.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ { log \| trap \| debug } { level severity \| state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log \| trap \| debugging } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional

To view debugging/log/trap output information on the console, you should also enable the terminal display function for corresponding debugging/log/trap information on the switch.

For example, to view log information of the switch on the console, you should not only enable log information output to the console, but also enable log information terminal display using the terminal logging command.

Perform the following operations to enable debugging/log/trap terminal display in user view:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enable the debugging/log/trap information terminal display function	terminal monitor	Optional By default, this function is enabled for console users.
Enable the debugging information terminal display function	terminal debugging	Optional By default, the debugging information terminal display is disabled for terminal users.
Enable the log information terminal display function	terminal logging	Optional By default, log information terminal display is enabled for console users.
Enable trap information terminal display function	terminal trapping	Optional By default, trap information terminal display is enabled for terminal users.

1.2.3 Enabling Information Output to a Monitor Terminal

Follow these steps to enable information output to a monitor terminal:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to Telnet terminal or dumb terminal	info-center monitor channel { channel-number \| channel-name }	Required By default, a switch outputs log/debugging/trap information to user terminals through information channel 1.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ { log \| trap \| debug } { level severity \| state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log \| trap \| debugging } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional This command is used to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines the time stamp viewable to users.

& Note:

l When there are multiple Telnet users or dumb terminal users, some configuration parameters (including module-based filtering, language and severity level threshold) are shared among the users. In this case, any change of the settings made by a user will also be reflected on all other user terminals.

l To view debugging information of specific modules, you need to set the information type to debug when defining the information source, and enable debugging for corresponding modules through the debugging command as well.

To view the debugging/log/trap output information on the monitor terminal, you should enable the corresponding debugging/log/trap display function on the switch.

For example, to view log information of the switch on a monitor terminal, you need to not only enable log information output to the monitor terminal, but also enable log information terminal display function using the terminal logging command.

Perform the following configuration to enable debugging/log/trap terminal display in user view:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enable the debugging/log/trap information terminal display function	terminal monitor	Optional By default, this function is enabled for console users.
Enable debugging information terminal display function	terminal debugging	Optional By default, debugging information terminal display is disabled for terminal users.
Enable log information terminal display function	terminal logging	Optional By default, log information terminal display is enabled for console users.
Enable trap information terminal display function	terminal trapping	Optional By default, trap information terminal display is enabled for terminal users.

1.2.4 Enabling Information Output to the Log Buffer

Follow these steps to enable information output to the log buffer:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the log buffer	info-center logbuffer [ channel { channel-number \| channel-name } \| size buffersize ]* [ \| exclude regular-expression ]	Optional By default, the switch uses information channel 4 to output log information to the log buffer, which can holds up to 512 items by default.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ { log \| trap \| debug } { level severity \| state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log \| trap \| debugging } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional This is to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines the time stamp viewable to users.

& Note:

To view debugging information of specific modules, you need to set the information type to debug in the info-center source command, and enable debugging on corresponding modules using the debugging command as well.

1.2.5 Enabling Information Output to the Trap Buffer

Follow these steps to enable information output to the trap buffer:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the trap buffer	info-center trapbuffer [channel { channel-number \| channel-name } \| size buffersize]*	Optional By default, the switch uses information channel 3 to output trap information to the trap buffer, which can holds up to 256 items by default.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ { log \| trap \| debug } { level severity \| state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log \| trap \| debugging } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional This is to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines the time stamp viewable to users.

& Note:

1.2.6 Enabling Information Output to the SNMP

Follow these steps to enable information output to the SNMP:

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the SNMP	info-center snmp channel { channel-number \| channel-name }	Required By default, the switch outputs trap information to SNMP through channel 5.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ { log \| trap \| debug } { level severity \| state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log \| trap \| debugging } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional This is to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines the time stamp viewable to users.

& Note:

l To view debug information of specific modules, you need to set the information type to debug in the info-center source command, and enable debugging on corresponding modules using the debugging command as well.

l To send information to remote SNMP workstation properly, related configurations are required on both the switch and the SNMP workstation.

1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Information Center Configuration

To do...	Use the command...	Remarks
Display information on information channel	display channel [ channel-number \| channel-name ]	Available in any view
Display the operation status of information center, the configuration of information channels, the format of time stamp and the information output in case of fabric	display info-center
Display the status of log buffer and the information recorded in log buffer	display logbuffer [ level severity \| size buffersize ]* [ \| { begin \| exclude \| include } regular-expression ]
Display the summary information recorded in log buffer	display logbuffer summary [ level severity ]
Display the status of trap buffer and the information recorded in trap buffer	display trapbuffer [ size buffersize ]
Clear information recorded in log buffer	reset logbuffer	Available in user view
Clear information recorded in trap buffer	reset trapbuffer	Available in user view

1.4 Information Center Configuration Examples

1.4.1 Log Output to a Unix Log Host

I. Network requirements

The switch sends the following log information in English to the Unix log host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10: the log information of the two modules ARP and IP, with a severity higher than “informational”.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-1 Network diagram for log output to a Unix log host

III. Configuration procedure

1) Configure the switch:

# Enable the information center.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C] info-center enable

# Disable for all modules the function of outputting information to log host channels.

[H3C] undo info-center source default channel loghost

# Configure the host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10 as the log host. Set the output language to English. Permit ARP and IP modules to output information with a severity higher than “informational” to the log host.

[H3C] info-center loghost 202.38.1.10 facility local4 language english

[H3C] info-center source arp channel loghost log level informational debug state off trap state off

[H3C] info-center source ip channel loghost log level informational debug state off trap state off

2) Configure the log host:

The operations here are performed on SunOS 4.0. The operations on other manufacturers' Unix operation systems are similar.

Step 1: Execute the following commands as a superuser (root user).

# mkdir /var/log/H3C

# touch /var/log/H3C/information

Step 2: Edit the file “/etc/syslog.conf” as a superuser (root user) to add the following selector/action pair.

# H3C configuration messages

local4.info /var/log/H3C/information

& Note:

When you edit the file “/etc/syslog.conf”, note that:

l A note must start in a new line following a “#” sign.

l In each pair, a tab rather than a space should be used to separate the pair.

l No space is allowed at the end of a file name.

l The facility and received log information severity level specified in the file “/etc/syslog.conf” must be the same as those corresponding parameters configured in the commands info-center loghost and info-center source. Otherwise, log information may not be output to the log host normally.

Step 3: After the log file “information” is created and the file “/etc/syslog.conf” is modified, run the following command to send a HUP signal to the system daemon “syslogd”, so that it reads its new configuration file “/etc/syslog.conf”.

# ps -ae | grep syslogd

147

# kill -HUP 147

After all the above operations, the switch can make records in the corresponding log file.

& Note:

Through combined configuration of the device name (facility), information severity threshold (severity), module name (filter) and file “syslog.conf”, you can sort information precisely for filtering.

1.4.2 Log Output to a Linux Log Host

I. Network requirements

The switch sends the following log information in English to the Linux log host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10: All modules' log information, with a severity higher than “errors”.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-2 Network diagram for log output to a Linux log host

III. Configuration procedure

1) Configure the switch:

# Enable the information center.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C] info-center enable

# Configure the host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10 as the log host. Set the output language to English. Permit all modules to output information with a severity higher than “error” to the log host.

[H3C] info-center loghost 202.38.1.10 facility local7 language english

[H3C] info-center source default channel loghost log level errors debug state off trap state off

2) Configure the log host:

Step 1: Execute the following commands as a superuser (root user).

# mkdir /var/log/H3C

# touch /var/log/H3C/information

Step 2: Edit the file “/etc/syslog.conf” as a superuser (root user) to add the following selector/action pair.

# H3C configuration messages

local7.info /var/log/H3C/information

& Note:

Note the following items when you edit file “/etc/syslog.conf”.

l A note must start in a new line following a “#" sign.

l In each pair, a tab rather than a space should be used to separate the pair.

l No space is permitted at the end of the file name.

l The facility and received log information severity specified in file “/etc/syslog.conf” must be the same with those corresponding parameters configured in commands info-center loghost and info-center source. Otherwise, log information may not be output to the log host normally.

Step 3: After the log file “information” is created and the file “/etc/syslog.conf” is modified, run the following commands to view the process ID of the system daemon “syslogd”, stop the process, and then restart the daemon "syslogd" in the background using the “-r” option.

# ps -ae | grep syslogd

147

# kill -9 147

# syslogd -r &

& Note:

In case of Linux log host, the daemon “syslogd” must be started using the “-r” option.

After all the above operations, the switch can make records in the corresponding log file.

& Note:

Through combined configuration of the device name (facility), information severity level threshold (severity), module name (filter) and file “syslog.conf”, you can sort information precisely for filtering.

1.4.3 Log Output to the Console

I. Network requirements

The switch sends the following information to the console: the log information of the two modules ARP and IP, with a severity higher than “informational”.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-3 Network diagram for log output to the console

III. Configuration procedure

# Enable the information center.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C] info-center enable

# Disable for all modules the function of outputting information to the console channels.

[H3C] undo info-center source default channel console

# Enable log information output to the console. Permit ARP and IP modules to output information with a severity higher than “informational” to the console.

[H3C] info-center console channel console

[H3C] info-center source arp channel console log level informational

[H3C] info-center source ip channel console log level informational

# Enable terminal display.

<H3C> terminal monitor

<H3C> terminal logging

H3C S7500 Series Operation Manual(Release 3100 Series)-(V1.04)

1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Information Center Configuration

I. Network requirements

II. Network diagram

III. Configuration procedure

I. Network requirements

II. Network diagram

III. Configuration procedure

I. Network requirements

II. Network diagram

III. Configuration procedure

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