H3C S3600 Command Manual-Release 1602(V1.02)

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16-Routing Protocol Command
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16-Routing Protocol Command 438.3 KB

Table of Contents

1 IP Routing Table Commands· 1-1

IP Routing Table Commands· 1-1

display ip routing-table· 1-1

display ip routing-table acl 1-3

display ip routing-table ip-address· 1-5

display ip routing-table ip-address1 ip-address2· 1-7

display ip routing-table ip-prefix· 1-7

display ip routing-table protocol 1-8

display ip routing-table radix· 1-9

display ip routing-table statistics· 1-10

display ip routing-table verbose· 1-11

reset ip routing-table statistics protocol 1-12

2 Static Route Configuration Commands· 2-1

Static Route Configuration Commands· 2-1

delete static-routes all 2-1

ip route-static· 2-1

3 RIP Configuration Commands· 3-1

RIP Configuration Commands· 3-1

checkzero· 3-1

default cost 3-2

display rip· 3-2

display rip interface· 3-3

display rip routing· 3-4

filter-policy export 3-5

filter-policy import 3-6

host-route· 3-7

import-route· 3-8

network· 3-9

peer 3-9

preference· 3-10

reset 3-11

rip· 3-11

rip authentication-mode· 3-12

rip input 3-13

rip metricin· 3-14

rip metricout 3-14

rip output 3-15

rip split-horizon· 3-15

rip version· 3-16

rip work· 3-17

summary· 3-18

timers· 3-19

traffic-share-across-interface· 3-19

4 OSPF Configuration Commands· 4-1

OSPF Configuration Commands· 4-1

abr-summary· 4-1

area· 4-2

asbr-summary· 4-2

authentication-mode· 4-3

default 4-4

default-cost 4-5

default-route-advertise· 4-6

display router id· 4-7

display ospf abr-asbr 4-8

display ospf asbr-summary· 4-9

display ospf brief 4-10

display ospf cumulative· 4-13

display ospf error 4-14

display ospf interface· 4-17

display ospf lsdb· 4-18

display ospf nexthop· 4-21

display ospf peer 4-22

display ospf request-queue· 4-25

display ospf retrans-queue· 4-26

display ospf routing· 4-26

display ospf vlink· 4-27

filter-policy export 4-29

filter-policy import 4-30

import-route· 4-31

log-peer-change· 4-32

multi-path-number 4-32

network· 4-33

nssa· 4-33

ospf 4-35

ospf authentication-mode· 4-36

ospf cost 4-37

ospf dr-priority· 4-37

ospf mib-binding· 4-38

ospf mtu-enable· 4-39

ospf network-type· 4-39

ospf timer dead· 4-41

ospf timer hello· 4-41

ospf timer poll 4-42

ospf timer retransmit 4-43

ospf trans-delay· 4-43

peer 4-44

preference· 4-45

reset ospf 4-45

reset ospf statistics· 4-46

router id· 4-46

silent-interface· 4-47

snmp-agent trap enable ospf 4-48

spf-schedule-interval 4-49

stub· 4-49

vlink-peer 4-50

5 IP Routing Policy Configuration Commands· 5-1

IP Routing Policy Configuration Commands· 5-1

apply cost 5-1

apply tag· 5-2

display ip ip-prefix· 5-2

display route-policy· 5-3

if-match { acl | ip-prefix } 5-4

if-match cost 5-4

if-match interface· 5-5

if-match ip next-hop· 5-6

if-match tag· 5-6

ip ip-prefix· 5-7

route-policy· 5-8

6 Route Capacity Configuration Commands· 6-1

Route Capacity Configuration Commands· 6-1

display memory· 6-1

display memory limit 6-2

memory· 6-3

memory auto-establish disable· 6-4

memory auto-establish enable· 6-4

 


 

l          The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol.

l          The S3600-SI series do not support OSPF.

l          The feature of specifying the ABR of an NSSA area as the Type-7 LSAs translator is added. For the command used, refer to nssa.

l          The feature of configuring an OSPF interface to unicast packets on a P2MP network is added. For the command used, refer to ospf network-type.

 

IP Routing Table Commands

display ip routing-table

Syntax

display ip routing-table [ | { begin | exclude | include } regular-expression ]

View

Any view

Parameters

regular-expression: Regular expression, a string of 1 to 256 case-sensitive characters used for specifying routing entries.

|: Uses the regular expression to match the output routing information.

begin: Displays the routing information from the route entry containing the specified character string.

include: Displays all routing information containing the specified character string.

exclude: Displays all routing information without the specified character string.

 

For details about regular expressions, refer to Configuration File Management Operation of this manual.

 

Description

Use the display ip routing-table command to display the routing table summary.

This command displays the summary of the routing table. Each line represents one route, containing destination address/mask length, protocol, preference, cost, next hop, and output interface.

This command displays only the currently used routes, that is, the optimal routes.

Examples

# Display the summary of the current routing table.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table

Routing Table: public net

Destination/Mask   Protocol   Pre Cost    Nexthop     Interface

1.1.1.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       1.1.1.1     Vlan-interface1

1.1.1.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

2.2.2.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       2.2.2.1     Vlan-interface2

2.2.2.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

3.3.3.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       3.3.3.1     Vlan-interface3

3.3.3.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

4.4.4.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       4.4.4.1     Vlan-interface4

4.4.4.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.0/8        DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32       DIRECT    0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

# Display the routing information from the entry containing the character string interface4 in the current routing table.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table | begin interface4

Routing Table: public net

4.4.4.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       4.4.4.1     Vlan-interface4

4.4.4.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.0/8        DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32       DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

# Display the routing information containing the character string interface4 in the current routing table.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table | include interface4

Routing Table: public net

Destination/Mask   Protocol   Pre Cost    Nexthop     Interface

4.4.4.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       4.4.4.1     Vlan-interface4

# Display the routing information without the character string interface4 in the current routing table.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table | exclude interface4

Routing Table: public net

Destination/Mask   Protocol   Pre Cost    Nexthop     Interface

1.1.1.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       1.1.1.1     Vlan-interface1

1.1.1.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

2.2.2.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       2.2.2.1     Vlan-interface2

2.2.2.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

3.3.3.0/24         DIRECT     0   0       3.3.3.1     Vlan-interface3

3.3.3.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

4.4.4.1/32         DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.0/8        DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32       DIRECT     0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

Table 1-1 Description on the fields of the display ip routing-table command

Field

Description

Destination/Mask

Destination address/mask length

Protocol

Routing protocol

Pre

Route preference

Cost

Route cost

Nexthop

Next hop address

Interface

Output interface, through which the data packets destined for the destination network segment are sent

 

display ip routing-table acl

Syntax

display ip routing-table acl acl-number [ verbose ]

View

Any view

Parameters

acl-number: Basic access control list number, in the range of 2000 to 2999.

verbose: With this keyword specified, detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state that match the ACL is displayed. With this keyword not specified, brief information of only the routes in the active state that match the ACL is displayed.

Description

Use the display ip routing-table acl command to display the information of routes that match the specified ACL.

Examples

# Display the information of ACL 2100.

<Sysname> display acl 2100

Basic ACL  2100, 1 rule

Acl's step is 1

rule 0 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

For details about the display acl command, refer to ACL Command.

# Display the information of routes that match ACL 2100.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table acl 2100

Routes matched by access-list 2100:

  Summary count: 2

Destination/Mask   Protocol  Pre  Cost      Nexthop        Interface

192.168.1.0/24     DIRECT    0    0         192.168.1.2     Vlan-interface2

192.168.1.2/32     DIRECT    0    0         127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

For descriptions of the above fields, refer to Table 1-1.

# Display the detailed information of routes that match ACL 2100.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table acl 2100 verbose

Routes matched by access-list 2100:

  + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both    * = Next hop in use

 

  Summary count: 3

 

**Destination: 192.168.1.0       Mask: 255.255.255.0

         Protocol: #DIRECT       Preference: 0

         *NextHop: 192.168.1.2      Interface: 192.168.1.2(Vlan-interface2)

         State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast>

         Age: 21:34:13            Cost: 0/0

 

**Destination: 192.168.1.2       Mask: 255.255.255.255

         Protocol: #DIRECT       Preference: 0

         *NextHop: 127.0.0.1        Interface: 127.0.0.1(InLoopBack0)

         State: <NoAdvise Int ActiveU Retain Gateway Unicast>

         Age: 21:34:13            Cost: 0/0

Table 1-2 Description on the fields of the display ip routing-table command

Field

Description

Destination

Destination address

Mask

Subnet mask

Protocol

Protocol that discovers the route

Preference

Route preference

Nexthop

Next hop to the destination

Interface

Outbound interface through which data packets are forwarded to the destination network segment.

State

Description of route state:

ActiveU

An active unicast route, where “U” represents unicast.

Blackhole

A blackhole route is similar to a reject route, but no ICMP unreachable message is sent to the source.

Delete

A route is to be deleted.

Gateway

An indirect route.

Hidden

An existing route that is temporarily unavailable for some reason (for example, suppressed by a routing policy or down interface). However, deletion is not expected. It is therefore hidden so that it can recover later.

Holddown

Number of routes that are held down. Holddown is a route advertisement policy that some D-V based routing protocols (for example, RIP) use to avoid the spread of wrong routes but speed up the correct spread of ICMP unreachable messages. A certain route is advertised at intervals, no matter whether the currently discovered route to the same destination changes. For details, refer to the specific routing protocols.

Int

A route discovered by IGP.

NoAdvise

A routing protocol does not advertise any NoAdvise route when advertising routes in accordance with a routing policy.

NotInstall

A NotInstall route cannot be added to the core routing table, but may be advertised. A route with the highest priority is generally selected from the routing table, added to the core routing table, and then advertised.

Reject

The routes marked with reject do not guide the router to forward packets as a normal route does. The router discards the packets matching reject routes and sends an ICMP unreachable message to the source.

Reject routes are usually used for network tests.

Retain

The routes marked with retain will not be deleted when you delete routes in the core routing table. You can mark static routes with retain to make them stay in the core routing table.

Static

The routes marked with static will not be deleted from the routing table after you perform a save operation and restart the router. The routes manually configured on a router are marked with static.

Unicast

A unicast route.

Age

Lifetime of a route in the routing table, in the format of HH:MM:SS.

Cost

Cost of a route.

 

display ip routing-table ip-address

Syntax

display ip routing-table ip-address [ mask | mask-length ] [ longer-match ] [ verbose ]

View

Any view

Parameters

ip-address: Destination IP address, in dotted decimal notation.

mask: Subnet mask, in dotted decimal notation.

mask-length: Length of a subnet mask, in the range of 0 to 32.

longer-match: Specifies all the routes that lead to the destination address and match the specified mask. If you do not specify the mask argument, those that match the natural mask are specified.

verbose: Displays the detailed information of routes.

Description

Use the display ip routing-table ip-address command to display the routing information of the specified destination address.

With different arguments provided, the command output is different. The following is the command output with different arguments provided:

l          display ip routing-table ip-address

If the destination address ip-address corresponds to a route in the natural mask range, this command displays the route that is the longest match of the destination address ip-address and is active.

l          display ip routing-table ip-address mask

This command only displays the routes exactly matching the specified destination address and mask.

l          display ip routing-table ip-address longer-match

This command displays all destination address routes matching the specified destination address in the natural mask range.

l          display ip routing-table ip-address mask longer-match

This command displays all destination address routes matching the specified destination address in the specified mask range.

Examples

# Display the brief information of routes with a natural mask.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table 169.0.0.0

Destination/Mask      Protocol    Pre Cost    Nexthop     Interface

169.0.0.0/16          Static  60  0       2.1.1.1     LoopBack1

For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-1.

# Display the detailed information of routes with a natural mask.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table 169.253.0.0 verbose

Routing Tables:

  + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both * = Next hop in use

  Summary count:1

**Destination: 169.0.0.0       Mask: 255.0.0.0

         Protocol: #Static     Preference: -60

         *NextHop: 2.1.1.1        Interface: 2.1.1.1(LoopBack1)

         State: <Int ActiveU Static Unicast>

         Age: 3:47             Cost: 0/0

For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-2.

display ip routing-table ip-address1 ip-address2

Syntax

display ip routing-table ip-address1 { mask1 | mask-length1 } ip-address2 { mask2 | mask-length2 } [ verbose ]

View

Any view

Parameters

ip-address1, ip-address2: Destination IP address in dotted decimal notation. ip-address1 {mask1 | mask-length1} and ip-address2 {mask2 | mask-length2} determine one address range together. ip-address1 ANDed with {mask1 | mask-length1} specifies the start of the range, while ip-address2 ANDed with {mask2 | mask-length2} specifies the end. This command displays the route in this address range.

mask1, mask2: Subnet mask, in dotted decimal notation.

mask-length1, mask-length2: Mask length, in the ranges of 0 to 32.

verbose: With the verbose argument provided, this command displays the verbose information of both active and inactive routes. Without this argument provided, this command displays the summary of active routes only.

Description

Use the display ip routing-table ip-address1 ip-address2 command to display the route information in the specified destination address range.

Examples

# Display the routing information of destination addresses ranging from 1.1.1.0 to 2.2.2.0.

<Sysname>display ip routing-table 1.1.1.0 24 2.2.2.0 24

Routing tables:

  Summary count: 3

Destination/Mask   Protocol   Pre Cost        Nexthop     Interface

1.1.1.0/24         DIRECT     0  0                  1.1.1.1         Vlan-interface1

1.1.1.1/32         DIRECT     0  0          127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

2.2.2.0/24         DIRECT     0  0                    2.2.2.1          Vlan-interface2

For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-1.

display ip routing-table ip-prefix

Syntax

display ip routing-table ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ verbose ]

View

Any view

Parameters

ip-prefix-name: IP prefix list name, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

verbose: With this keyword specified, detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state that match the IP prefix list is displayed. With this keyword not specified, brief information of only the routes in the active state that match the prefix list is displayed.

Description

Use the display ip routing-table ip-prefix command to display the information of routes matching the specified IP prefix list.

Examples

# Display the brief information of routes in the active state that match the prefix list abc2.

<Sysname>system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ip ip-prefix abc2 permit 10.1.1.0 24 less-equal 32

[Sysname] display ip routing-table ip-prefix abc2

Routes matched by ip-prefix abc2:

  Summary count: 2

Destination/Mask   Protocol Pre   Cost       Nexthop       Interface

10.1.1.0/24         DIRECT    0     0           10.1.1.2        Vlan-interface1

10.1.1.2/32        DIRECT   0     0         127.0.0.1      InLoopBack0

For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-1.

# Display the detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state that match the prefix list abc2.

[Sysname] display ip routing-table ip-prefix abc2 verbose

Routes matched by ip-prefix abc2:

  + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both   * = Next hop in use

  Summary count: 2

**Destination: 10.1.1.0         Mask: 255.255.255.0

        Protocol: #DIRECT       Preference: 0

        *NextHop: 10.1.1.2         Interface: 10.1.1.2(Vlan-interface1)

        State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast>

        Age: 3:23:44            Cost: 0/0

 

**Destination: 10.1.1.2         Mask: 255.255.255.255

        Protocol: #DIRECT       Preference: 0

        *NextHop: 127.0.0.1        Interface: 127.0.0.1(InLoopBack0)

        State: <NoAdvise Int ActiveU Retain Gateway Unicast>

        Age: 3:23:44            Cost: 0/0 

For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-2.

display ip routing-table protocol

Syntax

display ip routing-table protocol protocol [ inactive | verbose ]

View

Any view

Parameters

protocol: You can provide one of the following values for this argument.

l          direct: Displays direct-connect route information

l          ospf: Displays OSPF route information.

l          ospf-ase: Displays OSPF ASE route information.

l          ospf-nssa: Displays OSPF not-so-stubby area (NSSA) route information.

l          rip: Displays RIP route information.

l          static: Displays static route information.

inactive: With this argument provided, this command displays the inactive route information. Without this argument provided, this command displays both active and inactive route information.

verbose: With this keyword specified, detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state is displayed. With this keyword not specified, brief information of only the routes in the active state is displayed.

Description

Use the display ip routing-table protocol command to display the route information of a specific protocol.

Examples

# Display the summary of all direct-connect routes.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table protocol direct

DIRECT Routing tables:

Summary count: 4

DIRECT Routing tables status:<active>:

Summary count: 3

Destination/Mask      Protocol    Pre Cost    Nexthop     Interface

20.1.1.1/32           DIRECT          0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.0/8           DIRECT          0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32          DIRECT          0   0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

DIRECT Routing tables status:<inactive>:

Summary count: 1

Destination/Mask      Protocol   Pre  Cost    Nexthop     Interface

210.0.0.1/32          DIRECT      0       0       127.0.0.1   InLoopBack0

For detailed description of the output information, see Table 1-1.

display ip routing-table radix

Syntax

display ip routing-table radix

View

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display ip routing-table radix command to display the route information in a tree structure.

Examples

<Sysname> display ip routing-table radix

Radix tree for INET (2) inodes 7 routes 5:

              +-32+--{210.0.0.1

          +--0+

           | | +--8+--{127.0.0.0

           | | | +-32+--{127.0.0.1

           | +--1+

           | +--8+--{20.0.0.0

           | +-32+--{20.1.1.1

Table 1-3 Description on the fields of the display ip routing-table radix command

Field

Description

INET

Address suite

Inodes

Number of nodes

Routes

Number of routes

 

display ip routing-table statistics

Syntax

display ip routing-table statistics

View

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display ip routing-table statistics command to display the integrated routing information.

The integrated routing information includes the total number of routes, the number of active routes, the number of routes added by protocols, and the number of routes deleted.

Examples

# Display the integrated route information.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table statistics

Routing tables:

Proto      route       active      added       deleted

DIRECT     24          4           25          1

STATIC     4           1           4           0

RIP        0           0           0           0

OSPF       0           0           0           0

O_ASE      0           0           0           0

O_NSSA     0           0           0           0

Total      28          5           29          1

Table 1-4 Description on the fields of the display ip routing-table statistics command

Field

Description

Proto

Routing protocol type

O_ASE: OSPF_ASE

O_NSSA: OSPF NSSA

AGGRE: Aggregation protocol

Route

Total number of routes

Active

Number of active routes

Added

Number of routes added after the router is rebooted or the routing table is cleared last time.

Deleted

Number of routes deleted (Such routes will be freed in a period of time)

Total

Total number of the different kinds of routes

 

display ip routing-table verbose

Syntax

display ip routing-table verbose

View

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display ip routing-table verbose command to display the detailed information of a routing table, including inactive routes and null routes. The information displayed includes route state descriptor, statistics of the routing table, and detailed information of each route.

Examples

# Display the verbose routing table information.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table verbose

Routing Tables:

  + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both    * = Next hop in use

  Destinations: 3       Routes: 3

  Holddown: 0    Delete: 62      Hidden: 0

**Destination: 1.1.1.0           Mask: 255.255.255.0

         Protocol: #DIRECT       Preference: 0

         *NextHop: 1.1.1.1        Interface: 1.1.1.1(Vlan-interface1)

         State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast>

         Age: 20:17:41          Cost: 0/0

**Destination: 1.1.1.1           Mask: 255.255.255.255

         Protocol: #DIRECT       Preference: 0

         *NextHop: 127.0.0.1        Interface: 127.0.0.1(InLoopBack0)

         State: <NoAdvise Int ActiveU Retain Gateway Unicast>

         Age: 20:17:42          Cost: 0/0

**Destination: 2.2.2.0           Mask: 255.255.255.0

         Protocol: #DIRECT       Preference: 0

         *NextHop: 2.2.2.1          Interface: 2.2.2.1(Vlan-interface2)

         State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast>

         Age: 20:08:05              Cost: 0/0

For descriptions of route states, see Table 1-2.

Table 1-5 lists the statistics of the routing table.

Table 1-5 Description on the fields of the display ip routing-table verbose command

Field

Description

Holddown

Number of suppressed routes

Delete

Number of deleted routes

Hidden

Number of hidden routes

 

reset ip routing-table statistics protocol

Syntax

reset ip routing-table statistics protocol { all | protocol }

View

User view

Parameters

all: Specifies all protocols.

protocol: Specifies a protocol, which can be direct, ospf, ospf_ase, ospf_nssa, rip, or static.

Description

Use the reset ip routing-table statistics protocol command to clear the statistics of routes in a routing table.

Examples

# Before executing the reset ip routing-table statistics protocol command, use the display ip routing-table statistics command to display the routing statistics:

<Sysname> display ip routing-table statistics

Routing tables:

Proto      route       active      added       deleted

DIRECT     4           4           12          8

STATIC     0           0           0           0

RIP        0           0           0           0

OSPF       0           0           0           0

O_ASE      0           0           0           0

O_NSSA     0           0           0           0

Total      4           4           12          8

# Clear the routing statistics of all protocols from the IP routing table.

<Sysname> reset ip routing-table statistics protocol all

# Display the routing statistics in the IP routing table.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table statistics

Routing tables:

Proto      route       active      added       deleted

DIRECT     4           4           0           0

STATIC     0           0           0           0

RIP        0           0           0           0

OSPF       0           0           0           0

O_ASE      0           0           0           0

O_NSSA     0           0           0           0

Total      4           4           0           0

The above information shows that the routing statistics in the IP routing table is cleared.

 


Static Route Configuration Commands

 

The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol.

 

Static Route Configuration Commands

delete static-routes all

Syntax

delete static-routes all

View

System view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the delete static-routes all command to delete all static routes.

The system will request your confirmation before it deletes all the configured static routes.

Related commands: ip route-static, display ip routing-table.

Examples

# Delete all the static routes in the router.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z. 

[Sysname] delete static-routes all

Are you sure to delete all the unicast static routes?[Y/N]y       

ip route-static

Syntax

ip route-static ip-address { mask | mask-length } { interface-type interface-number | next-hop } [ preference preference-value ] [ reject | blackhole ] [ detect-group group number ] [ description text ]

undo ip route-static ip-address { mask | mask-length } [ interface-type interface-number | next-hop ] [ preference preference-value ]

View

System view

Parameters

ip-address: Destination IP address, in dotted decimal notation.

mask: Subnet mask, in dotted decimal notation.

mask-length: Mask length, in the range of 0 to 32.

interface-type interface-number: Next-hop outbound interface.

next-hop: Next hop IP address of the route, in dotted decimal notation.

preference preference-value: Preference level of a static route, in the range of 1 to 255. The default preference is 60.

reject: Indicates the destination is unreachable. If a static route to a destination is marked with reject, all IP packets destined for this destination will be discarded, and the source host will be informed that the destination is unreachable.

blackhole: Indicates a blackhole route. If a static route to a destination is marked with blackhole, the outbound interface of this route is the Null 0 interface regardless of the next hop address, and all the IP packet addresses destined for this destination are dropped without the source host being notified.

description text: Provides a description for the current route, which is a string of 1 to 60 characters.

detect-group group number: Specifies a detect group number, which ranges from 1 to 25.

 

l          If you specify the next-hop outgoing interface when configuring a static route, the type of outgoing interface can be Null only.

l          The packets sent to a Null interface, which is a virtual interface, will be discarded immediately. This can decrease the system load.

l          For automatic detection information, refer to the part discussing Auto Detect.

 

Description

Use the ip route-static command to configure a static route.

Use the undo ip route-static command to delete a static route.

By default, the system can obtain the subnet route directly connected to the router. When you configure a static route, if no preference is specified for the route, the preference defaults to 60, and if the route is not specified as reject or blackhole, the route will be reachable by default.

When configuring a static route, note the following points:

l          If the destination IP address and the mask are both 0.0.0.0, what you are configuring is a default route. All the packets that fail to find a routing entry will be forwarded through this default route.

l          You cannot configure an interface address of the local switch as the next hop address of a static route.

l          You can configure a different preference to implement flexible route management policy.

Related commands: display ip routing-table.

Examples

# Configure the next hop of the default route as 129.102.0.2.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 129.102.0.2

 


 

The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol.

 

RIP Configuration Commands

checkzero

Syntax

checkzero

undo checkzero

View

RIP view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the checkzero command to enable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets.

Use the undo checkzero command to disable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets.

By default, RIP-1 performs the must be zero field check.

According to the protocol (RFC 1058) specifications, some fields in RIP-1 packets must be zero and these fields are called zero fields. You can use the checkzero command to enable/disable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets. When the must be zero field check is enabled, if the must be zero field in an incoming RIP-1 packet is non-zero, the packet will be rejected.

Examples

# Disable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip  

[Sysname-rip] undo checkzero

default cost

Syntax

default cost value

undo default cost

View

RIP view

Parameters

value: Default cost, in the range of 1 to 16.

Description

Use the default cost command to set the default cost for redistributed routes.

Use the undo default cost command to restore the default.

By default, the default cost of a redistributed route is 1.

If no cost is specified when you use the import-route command to redistribute routes from another routing protocol, the routes will be redistributed with the default cost specified with the default cost command.

Related commands: import-route.

Examples

# Redistribute static routes and set the default cost of the redistributed routes to 3.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] import-route static

[Sysname-rip] default cost 3

display rip

Syntax

display rip

View

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display rip command to display the current RIP operation state and RIP configuration.

Examples

# Display the current RIP operation state and configuration.

<Sysname> display rip

RIP is running

    Checkzero is on         Default cost : 1

    Summary is on           Preference : 100

    Traffic-share-across-interface is off

Period update timer : 30

    Timeout timer : 180

    Garbage-collection timer : 120

    No peer router

    Network :

    202.38.168.0     

Table 3-1 Description on the fields of the display rip command

Field

Description

RIP is running

RIP is active.

Checkzero

State of the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets

on: Enabled

off: Disabled

Default cost

Default cost for redistributed routes

Summary

State of the automatic route summarization function:

on: Enabled

off: Disabled

Preference

RIP preference

Period update timer

Length of the period update timer in seconds

Timeout timer

Length of the timeout timer in seconds

Garbage-collection timer

Length of the garbage-collection timer in seconds

No peer router

No destination address of a transmission is specified

Network

Network segment on which RIP is enabled

Traffic-share-across-interface

State of load sharing among interfaces:

on: Enabled

off: Disabled

 

display rip interface

Syntax

display rip interface

View

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display rip interface command to display RIP interface information.

Examples

# Display RIP interface information.

<Sysname> display rip interface

                        RIP Interface: public net

 

Address  Interface          Ver  MetrIn/Out Input Output  Split-horizon

1.0.0.1  Vlan-interface100  2    0/1        on    on     on

Table 3-2 Description on the fields of the display rip interface command

Field

Description

Address

IP address of the interface running RIP (You need to use the network command to enable the network segment on which the address resides.)

Interface

Name of the interface running RIP. The IP address of the interface corresponds to that in the Address field.

Ver

Version of RIP running on the interface

MetrIn/Out

Additional metric added when a route is received/sent

Input

Indicates whether to allow the interface to receive RIP packets (on means yes; off means no).

Output

Indicates whether to allow the interface to send RIP packets (on means yes; off means no).

Split-horizon

Indicates whether split horizon is enabled (on means yes; off means no)

 

display rip routing

Syntax

display rip routing

View

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display rip routing command to display RIP routing information.

Examples

# Display the information of the RIP routing table.

<Sysname> display rip routing

                     RIP routing table: public net

 

A = Active     I = Inactive     G = Garbage collection

C = Change     T = Trigger RIP

 

Destination/Mask    Cost  NextHop           Age    SourceGateway     Att

192.168.110.0/24    1     31.31.31.8        7s     31.31.31.8        A

200.1.1.0/24        1     31.31.31.8        7s     31.31.31.8        A

130.1.0.0/16        1     31.31.31.8        7s     31.31.31.8        A

Table 3-3 Description on the fields of the display rip routing command

Field

Description

Destination/Mask

Destination address/Mask

Cost

Cost

NextHop

Net hop address

Age

Time elapsed after the route is advertised

SourceGateway

Gateway originating the route

Att

Attributes of a route:

A: Active route

I: Inactive route

G: Working state of the garbage collection timer

C: Change state

T: Triggered RIP

 

filter-policy export

Syntax

filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name } export [ protocol [ process-id ] ]

undo filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name } export [ protocol [ process-id ] ]

filter-policy route-policy route-policy-name export

undo filter-policy route-policy route-policy-name export

View

RIP view

Parameters

acl-number: Number of the basic or advanced ACL used to filter routing information by destination address, in the range of 2000 to 3999.

ip-prefix-name: Name of the address ip-prefix list used to filter routing information by destination address, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

route-policy-name: Name of the route-policy used to filter routing information, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

protocol: Filters routing protocol redistributed from the protocol. Currently, this argument can be direct, ospf, ospf-ase, ospf-nssa, or static.

process-id: Process ID of the routing protocol whose routing information is to be filtered, in the range of 1 to 65535. This argument is valid only for ospf, ospf-ase, and ospf-nssa.

Description

Use the filter-policy export command to enable RIP to filter the outgoing routing information.

Use the undo filter-policy export command to disable RIP from filtering the outgoing routing information.

Note that, if protocol is specified, RIP filters only the outgoing routes redistributed from the specified routing protocol. Otherwise, RIP filters all routes to be advertised.

By default, RIP does not filter advertised routing information.

Related commands: acl, filter-policy import, ip ip-prefix.

For details about ACL, refer to ACL Operation.

Examples

# Apply ACL 2000 to filter the outgoing routing information.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] filter-policy 2000 export

filter-policy import

Syntax

filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ gateway ip-prefix-name ] | route-policy route-policy-name } import

undo filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ gateway ip-prefix-name ] | route-policy route-policy-name } import

filter-policy gateway ip-prefix-name import

undo filter-policy gateway ip-prefix-name import

View

RIP view

Parameters

acl-number: Number of the ACL used to filter routing information by destination address, in the range of 2000 to 3999.

ip-prefix-name: Name of the address prefix list used to filter routing information by destination address, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

gateway ip-prefix-name: Name of the address prefix list used to filter routing information by the address of the neighbor router advertising the information, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

route-policy-name: Name of the route-policy used to filter routing information, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

Description

Use the filter-policy gateway command to enable RIP to filter the routing information advertised by a specified address.

Use the undo filter-policy gateway command to disable RIP from filtering the routing information advertised by a specified address.

Use the filter-policy import command to enable RIP to filter the incoming routing information.

Use the undo filter-policy import command to disable RIP from filtering the incoming routing information.

By default, RIP does not filter the received routing information.

Related commands: acl, filter-policy export, ip ip-prefix.

For details about ACL, refer to ACL Operation.

Examples

# Apply ACL 2000 to filter the incoming routing information.

<Sysname>system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] filter-policy 2000 import

host-route

Syntax

host-route

undo host-route

View

RIP view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the host-route command to enable RIP to receive host routes.

Use the undo host-route command to disable RIP from receiving host routes.

By default, RIP is enabled to receive host routes.

In some special cases, RIP receives a great number of host routes from the same network segment. These routes are of little help to addressing but occupy a lot of resources. In this case, the undo host-route command can be used to disable RIP from receiving host routes to save network resources.

Examples

# Disable RIP from receiving host routes.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] undo host-route

import-route

Syntax

import-route protocol [process-id ] [ cost value | route-policy route-policy-name ]*

undo import-route protocol [ process-id ]

View

RIP view

Parameters

protocol: Source routing protocol from which routes are redistributed by RIP. At present, RIP can redistribute routes from protocols: direct, ospf, ospf-ase, ospf-nssa and static.

process-id: Process ID of a routing protocol from which routes are redistributed, in the range of 1 to 65535. This argument is valid only for ospf, ospf-ase, and ospf-nssa.

value: Cost for redistributed routes, in the range of 0 16. If no cost is specified when redistributing routes, the default cost defined by the default cost command will be used.

route-policy-name: Name of a routing policy, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

Description

Use the import-route command to enable RIP to redistribute routes from other protocols.

Use the undo import-route command to disable RIP from redistributing routes from other protocols.

By default, RIP does not redistribute routes from other protocols.

If the value is not specified, routes will be redistributed with the default cost defined by the default cost command. If the cost of a redistributed route is 16, RIP does not stop advertising the route to other routers until the Garbage Collection timer expires (the timer length defaults to 120 seconds).

Related commands: default cost.

Examples

# Redistribute static routes with the cost of 4.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] import-route static cost 4

# Set the default cost and redistribute OSPF routes with the default cost.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] default cost 3

[Sysname-rip] import-route ospf

network

Syntax

network network-address

undo network network-address

View

RIP view

Parameters

network-address: Network/IP address of an interface, in dotted decimal notation.

Description

Use the network command to enable RIP on an interface attached to the specified network segment.

Use the undo network command to disable RIP on the interface attached to the specified network segment.

RIP runs only on the interface attached to the specified network. For an interface not on the specified network, RIP neither receives/sends routes on it nor forwards interface route through it. Therefore, you need to specify the network after enabling RIP to validate RIP on a specific interface.

By default, RIP is disabled on all interfaces.

The differences between the network and rip work commands are as follows:

l          The network command enables RIP on an interface attached to the specified network segment.

l          The rip work command enables an interface to receive and send RIP packets.

Related commands: rip work.

Examples

# Enable RIP on the interface with the network address 129.102.0.0.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] network 129.102.0.0

peer

Syntax

peer ip-address

undo peer ip-address

View

RIP view

Parameters

ip-address: IP address of the interface receiving RIP packets in the unicast mode on the neighbor router, in dotted decimal notation.

Description

Use the peer command to specify the IP address of a neighbor, where routing updates destined for the peer are unicast, rather than multicast or broadcast.

Use the undo peer command to remove the IP address of a neighbor.

By default, no neighbor is specified.

This command is used for non-broadcast networks where the broadcast mode is not suitable. Generally you are not recommended to use this command.

Examples

# Send RIP packets in the unicast mode to the destination 202.38.165.1.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] peer 202.38.165.1

preference

Syntax

preference value

undo preference

View

RIP view

Parameters

value: Preference level, in the range of 1 to 255.

Description

Use the preference command to configure the preference of RIP routes.

Use the undo preference command to restore the default.

By default, the preference of RIP routes is 100.

Every routing protocol has its own preference. Its default value is determined by the specific routing policy. The preferences of routing protocols will finally determine which routing algorithm's routes will be selected as the optimal routes in the IP routing table. You can use the preference command to modify the preference of RIP routes manually.

Examples

# Specify the RIP preference as 20.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] preference 20

reset

Syntax

reset

View

RIP view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the reset command to reset the system configuration parameters of RIP.

When you need to re-configure the parameters of RIP, you can use this command to restore the default.

Examples

# Reset the RIP system configuration.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] reset

% Reset RIP's configuration and restart RIP? [Y/N]y

rip

Syntax

rip

undo rip

View

System view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the rip command to enable RIP or enter RIP view.

Use the undo rip command to disable RIP.

By default, the system does not run RIP.

You must enable RIP and enter RIP view before configuring RIP global parameters. You can, however, configure the interface-related parameters no matter whether RIP is enabled.

 

Note that the interface-related parameters configured previously would be invalid after RIP is disabled.

 

Examples

# Enable RIP and enter RIP view.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip]

rip authentication-mode

Syntax

rip authentication-mode { simple password | md5 { rfc2082 key-string key-id | rfc2453 key-string } }

undo rip authentication-mode

View

Interface view

Parameters

simple: Specifies to use plain text authentication mode.

password: Plain text authentication key, containing 1 to 16 characters.

md5: Specifies to use MD5 cipher text authentication mode.

rfc2082: Specifies that MD5 cipher text authentication packets will use the packet format stipulated by RFC2082.

rfc2453: Specifies that MD5 cipher text authentication packets will use the packet format stipulated by RFC2453.

key-string: MD5 cipher text authentication key. If it is typed in the plain text mode, the length does not exceed 16 characters. If it is typed in the cipher text mode, the length is 24 characters. The system will display the MD5 cipher text authentication key with a length of 24 characters in the cipher text mode when you execute the display current-configuration command.

key-id: MD5 cipher text authentication identifier, ranging from 1 to 255.

Description

Use the rip authentication-mode command to configure RIP-2 authentication mode and its parameters.

Use the undo rip authentication-mode command to remove authentication.

Only one authentication key is supported each time authentication is performed. An authentication key newly input overwrites an old one.

Related commands: rip version.

 

You can configure RIPv1 authentication mode in interface view, but the configuration will not take effect because RIPv1 does not support authentication.

 

Examples

# Specify the interface VLAN-interface 10 to use the simple authentication with the authentication key of aaa.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip authentication-mode simple aaa

# Specify VLAN-interface 10 to use the MD5 cipher text authentication, with the authentication key of aaa and the packet format of rfc2453.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip authentication-mode md5 rfc2453 aaa

rip input

Syntax

rip input

undo rip input

View

Interface view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the rip input command to enable an interface to receive RIP packets.

Use the undo rip input command to disable an interface from receiving RIP packets.

By default, all interfaces, except loopback interfaces, can receive RIP packets.

Related commands: rip work.

Examples

# Disable the interface VLAN-interface 10 from receiving RIP packets.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname]interface Vlan-interface 10  

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip input

rip metricin

Syntax

rip metricin value

undo rip metricin

View

Interface view

Parameters

value: Additional metric of RIP routes received on an interface, in the range of 0 to 16.

Description

Use the rip metricin command to configure an additional metric for RIP routes received on an interface.

Use the undo rip metricin command to restore the default.

By default, the additional metric of RIP routes received on an interface is 0.

Before a valid RIP route received on an interface is added to the routing table, the additional metric will be added to the route. Therefore, if you increase the additional metric, the metric of RIP routes received on the interface will increase accordingly. If the sum of the additional metric and the original metric is greater than 16, the metric of the route will be 16.

Related commands: rip metricout.

Examples

# Set the additional metric of RIP routes received on the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 2.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip metricin 2

rip metricout

Syntax

rip metricout value

undo rip metricout

View

Interface view

Parameters

value: Additional metric of RIP routes sent out of an interface, in the range of 1 to 16.

Description

Use the rip metricout command to configure an additional metric for RIP routes sent out of an interface.

Use the undo rip metricout command to restore the default.

By default, the additional metric of RIP routes sent out of an interface is 1.

With the command configured on an interface, the metric of RIP routes sent on the interface will be increased.

Related commands: rip metricin.

Examples

# Set the additional metric of RIP routes sent out of the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 2.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip metricout 2

rip output

Syntax

rip output

undo rip output

View

Interface view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the rip output command to enable an interface to transmit RIP packets.

Use the undo rip output command to disable an interface from transmitting RIP packets.

By default, all interfaces except loopback interfaces are enabled to transmit RIP packets.

Related commands: rip input, rip work.

Examples

# Disable the interface VLAN-interface 10 from transmitting RIP packets.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip output

rip split-horizon

Syntax

rip split-horizon

undo rip split-horizon

View

Interface view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the rip split-horizon command to enable the split horizon function.

Use the undo rip split-horizon command to disable the split horizon function.

By default, the split horizon function is enabled.

The split horizon function disables an interface from sending routes received from the interface to prevent routing loops between adjacent routers. Therefore, normally, split horizon is necessary for avoiding routing loops. Only in some special cases the split horizon function needs to be disabled to ensure the correct execution of the protocol. So, disable the split horizon function only when necessary.

Examples

# Disable the split horizon function on the interface VLAN-interface 10.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip split-horizon

rip version

Syntax

rip version { 1 | 2 [ broadcast | multicast ] }

undo rip version

View

Interface view

Parameters

1: Specifies the version of RIP running on an interface as RIP-1.

2: Specifies the version of RIP running on an interface as RIP-2.

broadcast: Sends RIP-2 packets in the broadcast mode.

multicast: Sends RIP-2 packets in the multicast mode.

Description

Use the rip version command to specify the version of RIP running on an interface.

Use the undo rip version command to restore the default.

By default, the version of RIP running on an interface is RIP-1 and RIP-1 packets are sent in the broadcast mode.

If RIP-2 runs on an interface, RIP packets are sent in the multicast mode by default, which reduces resource consumption.

Table 3-4 Receive mode of RIP packets

RIP version

RIP-1 broadcast packet

RIP-2 broadcast packet

RIP-2 multicast packet

RIP-1

RIP-2 broadcast mode

RIP-2 multicast mode

 

Table 3-5 Send mode of RIP packets

RIP version

RIP-1 broadcast packet

RIP-2 broadcast packet

RIP-2 multicast packet

RIP-1

RIP-2 broadcast mode

RIP-2 multicast mode

 

Examples

# Run RIP-2 on the interface VLAN-interface 10 and send RIP packets in the broadcast mode.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip version 2 broadcast

rip work

Syntax

rip work

undo rip work

View

Interface view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the rip work command to enable the interface to receive and send RIP packets.

Use the undo rip work command to disable the interface from neither receiving nor sending RIP packets.

By default, all interfaces except loopback interfaces are enabled to receive and send RIP packets.

The differences between the rip work, rip input, and rip output commands are as follows:

l          The rip work command controls the receiving and sending of RIP packets on an interface.

l          The rip input command controls only the receiving of RIP packets on an interface.

l          The rip output command controls only the sending of RIP packets on an interface.

Related commands: rip input, rip output.

Examples

# Disable the interface VLAN-interface 10 from receiving or sending RIP packets.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip work

summary

Syntax

summary

undo summary

View

RIP view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the summary command to enable RIP-2 automatic route summarization.

Use the undo summary command to disable RIP-2 automatic route summarization.

By default, RIP-2 automatic route summarization is enabled.

Route summarization can be used to reduce the routing traffic on the network as well as to reduce the size of the routing table. The summary routes contain the natural masks when advertised.

If RIP-2 is used, route summarization can be disabled with the undo summary command when it is necessary to broadcast subnet routes.

RIP-1 always uses automatic route summarization, but the undo summary command is invalid for RIP-1.

Related commands: rip version.

Examples

# Set RIP version on the interface VLAN-interface 10 as RIP-2 and disable route summarization.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip version 2

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] quit

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] undo summary

timers

Syntax

timers { update update-timer | timeout timeout-timer } *

undo timers { update | timeout } *

View

RIP view

Parameters

update-timer: Length of the Period Update timer in seconds, in the range of 1 to 3600.

timeout-timer: Length of the Timeout timer in seconds, in the range of 1 to 3600.

Description

Use the timers command to modify the lengths of the three RIP timers: Period Update, Timeout, and Garbage-collection (which is usually set to a length four times that of the Period Update timer).

Use the undo timers command to restore the default settings.

By default, the lengths of the Period Update, Timeout, and Garbage-collection timers are 30 seconds, 180 seconds, and 120 seconds, respectively.

Generally, it is regarded that the value of the Garbage-collection timer is fixed at four times that of the Period Update timer. Adjusting the Period Update timer will affect the Garbage-collection timer.

The modification of RIP timers is validated immediately.

As specified in RFC 1058, RIP is controlled by the above three timers:

l          The update timer defines the interval between routing updates.

l          The timeout timer defines the route aging time. If no routing update related to a route is received within the aging time, the metric of the route is set to 16 in the routing table.

l          The garbage-collect timer defines the interval from when the metric of a route becomes 16 to when it is deleted from the routing table. During the Garbage-Collect timer length, RIP advertises the route with the routing metric set to 16. If no routing update is announced for that route after the Garbage-Collect timer expires, the route will be deleted from the routing table.

Related commands: display rip.

Examples

# Set the values of the Period Update timer and the Timeout timer of RIP to 10 seconds and 30 seconds respectively.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] timers update 10 timeout 30

traffic-share-across-interface

Syntax

traffic-share-across-interface

undo traffic-share-across-interface

View

RIP view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the traffic-share-across-interface command to enable traffic to be forwarded along multiple equivalent RIP routes.

Use the undo traffic-share-across-interface command to disable this function.

By default, this function is disabled.

When the number of equivalent routes reaches the upper limit:

l          If this function is enabled, the newly learned equivalent route replaces the existing equivalent route in the routing table.

l          If this function is disabled, the first aged route entry is replaced by the newly learned route. If no route entry is aged, the newly learned equivalent route will be dropped.

Examples

# Enable traffic to be forwarded along multiple equivalent RIP routes.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] rip

[Sysname-rip] traffic-share-across-interface

 


OSPF Configuration Commands

 

l          The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol.

l          The S3600-SI series do not support OSPF

 

OSPF Configuration Commands

abr-summary

Syntax

abr-summary ip-address mask [ advertise | not-advertise ]

undo abr-summary ip-address mask

View

OSPF area view

Parameters

ip-address: Network address of the summary route, in dotted decimal notation.

mask: Subnet mask of the summary route, in dotted decimal notation.

advertise: Advertises the summary route. If this argument is not provided, the summary route will be advertised.

not-advertise: Specifies not to advertise the summary route.

Description

Use the abr-summary command to enable route summarization on an area border router (ABR).

Use the undo abr-summary command to disable route summarization on an ABR.

By default, route summarization is disabled on an ABR.

This command is applicable to ABRs only and is used for route summarization of routes described by Type-3 LSAs in an area. It allows an ABR to advertise the summary route in a Type-3 LSA to other areas instead of other more specific routes.

You can configure multiple summary routes for an area.

With the undo abr-summary command used, summarized routes will be advertised.

Examples

# Summarize subnets 36.42.10.0/24 and 36.42.110.0/24, in OSPF area 1 with summary route 36.42.0.0/16 and advertise it to other areas.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 1

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 36.42.10.0 0.0.0.255

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 36.42.110.0 0.0.0.255

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] abr-summary 36.42.0.0 255.255.0.0

area

Syntax

area area-id

undo area area-id

View

OSPF view

Parameters

area-id: ID of an OSPF area, which can be a decimal integer (ranging from 0 to 4294967295) or in the form of an IP address.

Description

Use the area command to enter OSPF area view.

Use the undo area command to cancel the specified area.

Examples

# Enter OSPF area 0 view.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 0

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

asbr-summary

Syntax

asbr-summary ip-address mask [ not-advertise | tag value ]

undo asbr-summary ip-address mask

View

OSPF view

Parameters

ip-address: IP address of the summary route, in dotted decimal notation.

mask: IP address mask, in dotted decimal notation.

not-advertise: Specifies not to advertise the summary route. If this argument is not provided, the summary route will be advertised.

tag value: Tag value, which is mainly used to control route advertisement through a route-policy. It ranges from 0 to 4294967295 and defaults to 1.

Description

Use the asbr-summary command to enable OSPF to summarize redistributed routes.

Use the undo asbr-summary command to disable the summarization function.

By default, redistributed routes are not summarized.

After the summarization of redistributed routes is configured, if the local router is an autonomous system border router (ASBR), this command summarizes the redistributed Type-5 LSAs falling into the specified network. If an NSSA area is configured, this command also summarizes the redistributed Type-7 LSAs falling into the specified network.

If the local router acts as an NSSA ABR, this command summarizes Type-5 LSAs translated from Type-7 LSAs falling into the specified network. This command does not take effect on non NSSA ABRs.

Related commands: display ospf asbr-summary.

Examples

# Configure two ASBR summary routes, and specify tag values of 8 and 10 for the routes respectively.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] asbr-summary 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 tag 8

[Sysname-ospf-1] asbr-summary 20.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 tag 10

authentication-mode

Syntax

authentication-mode { simple | md5 }

undo authentication-mode

View

OSPF area view

Parameters

simple: Specifies the simple text authentication mode.

md5: Specifies the MD5 cipher text authentication mode.

Description

Use the authentication-mode command to configure one area of OSPF to support the authentication attribute.

Use the undo authentication-mode command to cancel the authentication attribute of this area.

By default, an area does not support authentication attribute.

All the routers in one area must use the same authentication mode (no authentication, simple text authentication, or MD5 cipher text authentication). If the mode of supporting authentication is configured, all routers on the same segment must use the same authentication key.

Use the ospf authentication-mode simple command to configure a simple text authentication key.

Use the ospf authentication-mode md5 command to configure the MD5 cipher text authentication key if the area is configured to support MD5 cipher text authentication mode.

 

After you configure one OSPF area to support the authentication attribute, you need to use the ospf authentication-mode command to set the authentication mode on interfaces. When configuring virtual link authentication, you can use the authentication-mode command to specify the authentication mode as MD5 cipher text or simple text for the backbone area.

 

Related commands: ospf authentication-mode, vlink-peer.

Examples

# Enter area 0 view.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 0

# Specify the OSPF area 0 to support MD5 cipher text authentication.

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] authentication-mode md5

default

Syntax

default { cost value | interval seconds | limit routes | tag tag | type type } *

undo default { cost | interval | limit | tag | type } *

View

OSPF view

Parameters

value: Default cost of an external route redistributed by OSPF, in the range of 0 to 16777214.

seconds: Default interval for redistributing external routes in seconds, in the range of 1 to 2147483647.

routes: Default limit of external routes that can be redistributed at one time, in the range of 200 to 2147483647.

tag: Default tag of routes redistributed by OSPF, in the range of 0 to 4294967295.

type: Default type of external routes redistributed by OSPF. The value of this argument is 1 or 2.

Description

Use the default command to configure the default parameters for redistributed routes, including cost, interval, limit, tag, and type.

Use the undo default cost command to restore the default.

By default, the cost, interval, limit, tag, and type are 1, 1, 1000, 1, and 2, respectively.

When OSPF redistributes external routes and propagates them in the entire autonomous system

l          The cost of external routes can influence route selection and calculation.

l          The performance of the device will be degraded significantly if OSPF redistributes routes frequently.

l          The performance will also be degraded significantly if OSPF redistributes a large number of routes at one time.

Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably set the default cost of redistributed routes, the default interval for redistributing routes, and the limit of routes that can be redistributed at one time.

Examples

# Set the default cost, interval, limit, tag, and type of redistributed routes to 10, 20 seconds, 300, 15, and 1, respectively.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] default cost 10 interval 20 limit 300 tag 15 type 1

 

default-cost

Syntax

default-cost value

undo default-cost

View

OSPF area view

Parameters

value: Cost of the default route, in the range of 0 to 16777214.

Description

Use the default-cost command to configure the cost of the default route advertised by OSPF to a Stub area or NSSA.

Use the undo default-cost command to restore the default.

By default, the cost of the default route advertised by OSPF to a Stub area or NSSA is 1.

This command only applies to an ABR in a Stub area or NSSA.

To configure a Stub area, you need to use the stub and default-cost commands.

You must use the stub command on all the routers connected to a Stub area to configure the area with the stub attribute.

Use the default-cost command to configure the cost of the default route advertised by an ABR to a Stub area or NSSA.

 

OSPF advertises a default route in the following cases:

l          When a (totally) stub area is configured, the ABR of the area automatically generates a default route.

l          After the nssa no-summary command is used on the ABR of an NSSA area, the NSSA ABR advertises a default route into the area.

l          After the nssa default-route-advertise command is configured on an NSSA ABR, the ABR generates a default route into the NSSA regardless of whether the default route is available. If the nssa default-route-advertise command is configured on an NSSA ASBR, only when a default route is available on the ASBR can the router generate the default route into the attached area.

 

Related commands: stub, nssa.

Examples

# Set area 1 to a Stub area and the cost of the default route advertised to this Stub area to 60.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 1

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 20.0.0.0 0.255.255.255

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] default-cost 60

default-route-advertise

Syntax

default-route-advertise [ always | cost value | type type-value | route-policy route-policy-name ]*

undo default-route-advertise [ always | cost | type | route-policy ]*

View

OSPF view

Parameters

always: Generates a default external route in an ASE LSA into the OSPF routing domain in the case that the router has no default route configured. Without this keyword, you have to configure a default route to redistribute an ASE LSA into the OSPF routing domain.

cost value: Specifies the cost value of the default route. The default route with the lowest cost value is preferred. The value of value ranges from 0 to 16777214. If no cost is specified, the default cost specified by the default cost command applies.

type type-value: Specifies the type of the route. If type-value is 2, the cost value of the default route is equal to that specified by cost value, and all the routers in the OSPF domain use the same cost. If type-value is 1, the cost value of the default route is equal to the sum of the cost from the local router to the corresponding ASBR and the cost specified by cost value. The value of type-value is 1 or 2. If no type-value is specified, the default route type specified by the default type command applies.

route-policy route-policy-name: Specifies a route policy. .The route-policy-name argument is a string of 1 to 19 characters.

Description

Use the default-route-advertise command to generate a default route in the OSPF routing domain.

Use the undo default-route-advertise command to disable OSPF from redistributing a default route.

By default, OSPF does not redistribute any default route.

The import-route command cannot redistribute any default route. To redistribute the default route to the route area, the default-route-advertise command must be used. If the local router is not configured with a default route, the keyword always must be specified so that a default route can be generated in an ASE LSA.

Related commands: import-route.

Examples

# Generate a default route in an ASE LSA into the OSPF routing domain if a default route is configured on the local router.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] default-route-advertise

# Generate a default route in an ASE LSA into the OSPF routing domain if no default route is configured on the local router.

[Sysname-ospf-1] default-route-advertise always

display router id

Syntax

display router id

View

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display router id command to display the router ID.

Related commands: router id.

Examples

# Display the router ID.

<Sysname> display router id

  Configured router id is 1.1.1.1

display ospf abr-asbr

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] abr-asbr

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf abr-asbr command to display the information about the ABR and ASBR of OSPF.

If you use this command on routers in a stub area, no ASBR information is displayed.

Examples

# Display the information about the OSPF ABRs and ASBRs.

<Sysname> display ospf abr-asbr

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

Routing Table to ABR and ASBR

 

 I = Intra i = Inter A = ASBR B = ABR S = SumASBR

Destination        Area         Cost   Nexthop         Interface

IA 2.2.2.2         0.0.0.0      10     10.153.17.89    Vlan-interface1

Table 4-1 Description on the fields of the display ospf abr-asbr command

Field

Description

I = Intra i = Inter

A = ASBR B = ABR S = SumASBR

Type of the route to the ABR or ASBR:

Intra: intra-area route

Inter: Inter-area route

ASBR: Route to the ASBR

ABR: Route to the ABR

SumASBR: Summary route to the ASBR

Destination

Router ID of the ABR or ASBR

Area

Area where the router is connected to the ABR or ASBR

Cost

Cost of the route from the local router to the ABR or ASBR

Nexthop

IP address of the next hop

Interface

Local output interface

 

display ospf asbr-summary

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] asbr-summary [ ip-address mask ]

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

ip-address: Matched IP address, in dotted decimal notation.

mask: Subnet mask, in dotted decimal notation.

Description

Use the display ospf asbr-summary command to display the summary information of OSPF redistributed routes.

If you do not specify an IP address or subnet mask, the summary information of all OSPF redistributed routes will be displayed.

Related commands: asbr-summary.

Examples

# Display the summary information of all OSPF redistributed routes.

<Sysname> display ospf asbr-summary

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                             Summary Addresses

Total summary address count:   2

 

                Summary Address

net      : 168.10.0.0

mask     : 255.254.0.0

tag      : 1

status   : Advertise

The Count of Route is 0

 

                Summary Address

net      : 1.1.0.0

mask     : 255.255.0.0

tag      : 100

status   : DoNotAdvertise

The Count of Route is 0

Table 4-2 Description on the fields of the display ospf asbr-summary command.

Field

Description

net

Network address of the summary route

mask

Subnet mask of the summary route

tag

Tag of the summary route

status

Advertisement state of the summary route, including

DoNotAdvertise: The summary can not be advertised.

Advertise: The summary can be advertised.

 

display ospf brief

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] brief

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf brief command to display brief OSPF information.

Examples

# Display brief OSPF information.

<Sysname> display ospf brief

 

                 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 7.7.7.7

                        OSPF Protocol Information

 

 RouterID: 7.7.7.7  Border Router: Nssa Area AS

 Spf-schedule-interval: 5

 Routing preference: Inter/Intra: 10 External: 150

 Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2

 SPF computation count: 30

 Area Count: 2    Nssa Area Count: 1

 

 Area 0.0.0.0:

   Authtype: none   Flags: <>

   SPF scheduled: <>

   Interface: 192.168.0.39 (Vlan-interface1)

     Cost: 10 State: DROther    Type: Broadcast

     Priority: 1

     Designated Router: 192.168.0.153

     Backup Designated Router: 192.168.0.154

     Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1

 

 

 Area 0.0.0.2:

   Authtype: none   Flags: <Nssa>

   SPF scheduled: <>

   7/5 translator state: Enabled

   Interface: 30.1.1.1 (Vlan-interface2)

     Cost: 10 State: BackupDR    Type: Broadcast

     Priority: 1

     Designated Router: 30.1.1.2

     Backup Designated Router: 30.1.1.1

     Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1

Table 4-3 Description on the fields of the display ospf brief command

Field

Description

RouterID

Router ID of the router

Border Router

Whether the router is a border router:

Area: ABR

AS: ASBR

Nssa Area AS: NSSA ABR

Spf-schedule-interval

Interval of SPF schedule

Routing preference

OSPF route preference, including

Inter/Intra: Inter-area/intra-area route preference

External: External route preference

Default ASE parameters

Default ASE parameters of OSPF redistributed routes, including

Metric: Route cost

Tag: Route tag

Type: Route type

SPF computation count

SPF computation count since OSPF is enabled

Area Count

Areas for connection to this router

Nssa Area Count

Number of NSSA areas

Area

Area ID

Authtype

OSPF authentication type of the area:

None: Non-authentication

Simple: simple authentication

MD5: MD5 authentication

Flags

Area type flag:

Nssa: NSSA area

NssaDefault: A default route is generated into the NSSA.

NssaNoSummary: ABR is disabled from advertising Type-3 LSAs into NSSA.

NssaNoRedistribution: Prohibits advertisement of redistributed routes into NSSA.

Stub: Stub area

StubDefault: A default route is generated into Stub area.

StubNoSummary: ABR is disabled from advertising Type-3 LSAs to Stub area.

SPF scheduled

SPF scheduled (flag). It indicates what type of route calculation is being performed.

7/5 translator state

Type-7 LSAs translator state:

Enabled: manually configured Type-7 LSAs translator

Elected: automatically elected Type-7 LSAs translator

Disabled: non-Type-7 LSAs translator

Interface

Name of interface belonging to this area

Cost

Cost of routes

State

State of the interface state machine:

DOWN: No protocol packet is sent or received on the interface.

Waiting: The interface starts sending and receiving Hello packets and is trying to identify the (Backup) designated router for the network.

PtoP: The interface sends Hello packets at the interval of HelloInterval, and tries to establish an adjacency with the peer router.

DR: The router itself is the designated router on the attached network.

BDR: The router itself is the backup designated router on the attached network.

DROther: The interface is on a network on which another router has been selected to be the designated router.

Type

Network type of OSPF interface. It can be Broadcast, NBMA, P2MP, or P2P.

Priority

Router priority

Designated Router

IP address of a designated router (DR)

Backup Designated Router

IP address of a backup designated router (BDR)

Timers

OSPF timers, including

Hello: Hello interval

Dead: Dead interval

Poll: Poll interval

Retransmit: LSA retransmission interval

Transmit Delay

Delay time in transmitting LSA

 

display ospf cumulative

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] cumulative

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf cumulative command to display cumulative OSPF statistics.

Examples

# Display cumulative OSPF statistics.

<Sysname> display ospf cumulative

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                              Cumulations

 

  IO Statistics

             Type        Input     Output

            Hello            0      10430

   DB Description            0          0

   Link-State Req            0          0

Link-State Update            0          0

   Link-State Ack            0          0

  ASE: 0 Checksum Sum: 0

  LSAs originated by this router

  Router: 180  SumNet: 116

  LSAs Originated: 296  LSAs Received: 0

 

  Area 0.0.0.0:

    Neighbors: 0  Interfaces: 0

    Spf: 2  Checksum Sum 15B27

    rtr: 1 net: 0 sumasb: 0 sumnet: 1

 

  Area 0.0.0.1:

    Neighbors: 0  Interfaces: 1

    Spf: 3  Checksum Sum 383C

    rtr: 1 net: 0 sumasb: 0 sumnet: 0

 

  Area 0.0.0.2:

    Neighbors: 0  Interfaces: 0

    Spf: 1  Checksum Sum 15D26

    rtr: 1 net: 0 sumasb: 0 sumnet: 1

 

  Routing Table:

    Intra Area: 1  Inter Area: 0  ASE: 0

Table 4-4 Description on the fields of the display ospf cumulative command

Field

Description

IO Statistics

Type

Type of input/output OSPF packet:

Hello: Hello packet

DB Description: Database Description packet

Link-State Req: Link-State Request packet

Link-State Update: Link-State Update packet

Link-State Ack: Link-State Acknowledge packet

Input

Number of received packets

Output

Number of transmitted packets

ASE

Number of all ASE LSAs

Checksum Sum

Checksum of ASE LSA

LSAs

Originated

Number of originated LSAs

Received

Number of received LSAs generated by other routers

Router

Number of all Router LSAs

SumNet

Number of all Sumnet LSAs

SumASB

Number of all SumASB LSAs

Area

Neighbors

Number of neighbors in this area

Interfaces

Number of interfaces in this area

Spf

Number of SPF computation count in this area

rtr, net, sumasb, sumnet

Number of all LSAs in this area

Routing Table

Intra Area

Number of intra-area routes

Inter Area

Number of inter-area routes

ASE

Number of external routes

 

display ospf error

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] error

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf error command to display OSPF error information.

Examples

# Display the OSPF error information.

<Sysname> display ospf error

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

 

OSPF packet error statistics:

   0: IP: received my own packet        0: OSPF: wrong packet type

   0: OSPF: wrong version               0: OSPF: wrong checksum

   0: OSPF: wrong area id               0: OSPF: area mismatch

   0: OSPF: wrong virtual link          0: OSPF: wrong authentication type

   0: OSPF: wrong authentication key    0: OSPF: too small packet

   0: OSPF: packet size > ip length     0: OSPF: transmit error

   0: OSPF: interface down              0: OSPF: unknown neighbor

   0: HELLO: netmask mismatch           0: HELLO: hello timer mismatch

   0: HELLO: dead timer mismatch        0: HELLO: extern option mismatch

   0: HELLO: router id confusion        0: HELLO: virtual neighbor unknown

   0: HELLO: NBMA neighbor unknown      0: DD: neighbor state low

   0: DD: router id confusion           0: DD: extern option mismatch

   0: DD: unknown LSA type              0: LS ACK: neighbor state low

   0: LS ACK: wrong ack                 0: LS ACK: duplicate ack

   0: LS ACK: unknown LSA type          0: LS ACK: ACK length wrong

   0: LS REQ: neighbor state low        0: LS REQ: empty request

   0: LS REQ: wrong request             0: LS REQ: wrong length

   0: LS UPD: neighbor state low        0: LS UPD: newer self-generate LSA

   0: LS UPD: LSA checksum wrong         0: LS UPD: received less recent LSA

   0: LS UPD: unknown LSA type             0: OSPF routing: next hop not exist

   0: DD: MTU option mismatch           0: ROUTETYPE: wrong type value

   0: LS UPD: LSA length wrong         

Table 4-5 Description on the fields of the display ospf error command

Field

Description

IP: received my own packet

Received my own packet

OSPF: wrong packet type

OSPF packet type error

OSPF: wrong version

OSPF version error

OSPF: wrong checksum

OSPF checksum error

OSPF: wrong area id

OSPF area ID error

OSPF: area mismatch

OSPF area mismatch

OSPF: wrong virtual link

OSPF virtual link error

OSPF: wrong authentication type

OSPF authentication type error

OSPF: wrong authentication key

OSPF authentication key error

OSPF: too small packet

OSPF packet too small

OSPF: packet size > ip length

OSPF packet size exceeds IP packet length

OSPF: transmit error

OSPF transmission error

OSPF: interface down

OSPF interface is down, unavailable

OSPF: unknown neighbor

OSPF neighbors are unknown

HELLO: netmask mismatch

Network mask mismatch

HELLO: hello timer mismatch

Interval of HELLO packet is mismatched

HELLO: dead timer mismatch

Interval of dead neighbor packet is mismatched

HELLO: extern option mismatch

Extern option of Hello packet is mismatched

HELLO: router id confusion

Hello packet: Router ID confusion

HELLO: virtual neighbor unknown

Hello packet: unknown virtual neighbor

HELLO: NBMA neighbor unknown

Hello packet: unknown NBMA neighbor

DD: neighbor state low

Database description (DD) packet: asynchronous neighbor state

DD: router id confusion

DD packet: router id unidentifiable

DD: extern option mismatch

DD packet: external route flag error

DD: unknown LSA type

DD packet: unknown LSA type

LS ACK: neighbor state low

Link state acknowledgment (LS ACK) packet: asynchronous neighbor state

LS ACK: wrong ack

Link state acknowledgment packet: ack error

LS ACK: duplicate ack

Link state acknowledgment packet: ack duplication

LS ACK: unknown LSA type

Link state acknowledgment packet: unknown LSA type

LS ACK: ACK length wrong

Link state acknowledgment packet: ACK length error

LS REQ: neighbor state low

Link state request (LS REQ) packet: asynchronous neighbor state

LS REQ: empty request

Link state request packet: empty request

LS REQ: wrong request

Link state request packet: erroneous request

LS REQ: wrong length

Link state request packet: length error

LS UPD: neighbor state low

Link state update packet: asynchronous neighbor state

LS UPD: newer self-generate LSA

Link state update packet: newer LSA generated by itself

LS UPD: LSA checksum wrong

Link state update packet: LSA checksum error

LS UPD:received less recent LSA

Link state update packet: received less recent LSA

LS UPD: unknown LSA type

Link state update packet: unknown LSA type

OSPF routing: next hop not exist

Next hop of OSPF routing does not exist

DD: MTU option mismatch

MTU option of DD packet is mismatched

ROUTETYPE: wrong type value

Route type: the value of the type is wrong

LS UPD: LSA length wrong

Link state update packet: LSA length error

 

display ospf interface

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] interface [ interface-type interface-number ]

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

interface-type interface-number: Interface type and interface number.

Description

Use the display ospf interface command to display the OSPF interface information.

Examples

# Display the OSPF interface information of VLAN-interface 1.

<Sysname> display ospf interface vlan-interface 1

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                               Interfaces

 

    Interface: 10.110.10.2 (Vlan-interface1)

      Cost: 1 State: BackupDR    Type: Broadcast

      Priority: 1

      Designated Router: 10.110.10.1

      Backup Designated Router: 10.110.10.2

      Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 10, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1

Table 4-6 Description on the fields of the display ospf interface command

Field

Description

Cost

Cost of the interface

State

State of the interface state machine:

DOWN: No protocol packet is sent or received on the interface.

Waiting: The interface starts sending and receiving Hello packets and is trying to identify the (Backup) designated router for the network.

PtoP: The interface sends Hello packets at the interval of HelloInterval, and tries to establish an adjacency with the peer router.

DR: The router itself is the designated router on the attached network.

BDR: The router itself is the backup designated router on the attached network.

DROther: The interface is on a network on which another router has been selected to be the designated router.

Type

Network type of OSPF interface. It can be Broadcast, NBMA, P2MP, or P2P.

Priority

Priority of DR for interface election

Designated Router

DR on the network in which the interface resides

Backup Designated Router

BDR on the network in which the interface resides

Timers

OSPF timers, defined as follows:

Hello

Interval of hello packet

Dead

Interval of dead neighbors

Poll

Interval of poll

Retransmit

Interval of retransmitting LSA

Transmit Delay

Delay time of transmitting LSA

 

display ospf lsdb

Syntax

display ospf process-id area-id lsdb [ brief | [ [ asbr | network | nssa | router | summary ] [ ip-address ] ] [ originate-router ip-address | self-originate ] ]

display ospf [ process-id ] lsdb [ brief | [ [ asbr | ase | network | nssa | router | summary ] [ ip-address ] ] [ originate-router ip-address | self-originate ] ]

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF Process ID. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

area-id: OSPF area ID, which can be a decimal integer (ranging from 0 to 4294967295) or in the form of an IP address.

brief: Displays brief database information.

asbr: Displays the database information about Type-4 LSAs (summary-Asbr-LSAs).

ase: Displays the database information about the Type-5 LSAs (AS-external-LSAs). This argument is unavailable if you have provided a value for area-id.

network: Displays the database information about the Type-2 LSAs (network-LSAs).

nssa: Displays the database information about the Type-7 LSAs (NSSA-external-LSAs).

router: Displays the database information about the Type-1 LSAs (router-LSAs).

summary: Displays the database information about the Type-3 LSAs (summary-net-LSAs).

ip-address: Link state identifier (in the form of an IP address).

originate-router ip-address: Specifies the IP address of the router advertising the LSAs.

self-originate: Displays the database information about the LSAs generated by the local router (self-originate LSAs).

Description

Use the display ospf lsdb command to display the database information about OSPF connecting state.

If no OSPF process is specified, LSDB information of all OSPF processes is displayed.

Examples

# Display the database information about OSPF connection state.

<Sysname> display ospf lsdb

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                         Link State Database

 

                        Area: 0.0.0.0

Type LinkState ID    AdvRouter      Age Len  Sequence   Metric  Where

Rtr  2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2       465 36   8000000c        0  SpfTree

Rtr  1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1       449 36   80000004        0  SpfTree

Net  10.153.17.89     2.2.2.2       465 32   80000004        0  SpfTree

SNet 10.153.18.0     1.1.1.1      355 28   80000003       10  Inter List

 

                        Area: 0.0.0.1

Type LinkState ID    AdvRouter    Age Len  Sequence   Metric  Where

Rtr  1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1      449 36   80000004        0  SpfTree

Rtr  3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3      429 36   8000000a        0  Clist

Net  10.153.18.89    3.3.3.3      429 32   80000003        0  SpfTree

SNet 10.153.17.0     1.1.1.1      355 28   80000003       10  Inter List

ASB  2.2.2.2         1.1.1.1      355 28   80000003       10  SumAsb List

 

                    AS External Database:

Type LinkState ID    AdvRouter  Age Len  Sequence   Metric   Where

ASE  10.153.18.0     1.1.1.1    1006 36  80000002        1   Ase List

ASE  10.153.16.0     2.2.2.2    798 36   80000002        1   Uninitialized

ASE  10.153.17.0     2.2.2.2    623 36   80000003        1   Uninitialized

ASE  10.153.17.0     1.1.1.1    1188 36  80000002        1   Ase List

Table 4-7 Description on the fields of the display ospf lsdb command

Field

Description

Type

Type of the LSA

LinkStateID

Link state ID of the LSA

AdvRouter

Router ID of the router that advertises the LSA

Age

Age of the LSA

Len

Length of the LSA

Sequence

Sequence number of the LSA

Metric

Cost from the router that advertises the LSA to LSA destination

Where

Location of the LSA, used to indicate in which stage of the route calculation the LSA is:

Uninitialized: The LSA is not initialized or is originated by another router.

Clist: The LSA is on the candidate list.

SpfTree: The LSA is in the SPF tree.

SumAsb List: The LSA is in the AS border reachable to the attached area.

SumNet List: The LSA is in another area  reachable to the attached area.

Inter List: The LSA is in another area.

Sum Infinity: The LSA is in an unreachable area.

Ase List: The LSA is outside the AS and is reachable.

Ase Infinity: The LSA is outside the AS and is unreachable.

Nssa List: The LSA is in an NSSA.

Nssa Infinity: The LSA is in an unreachable NSSA.

 

<Sysname> display ospf lsdb ase

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                         Link State Database

 

Type      : ASE

Ls id     : 10.0.0.0

Adv rtr   : 2.2.2.2

Ls age    : 87

Len       : 36

Seq#      : 80000001

Chksum    : 0xb45d

Options   : (DC)

Net mask  : 255.0.0.0

   Tos 0 metric: 1

   E type    : 2

   Forwarding Address :192.168.0.37

   Tag: 1

Table 4-8 Description on the fields of the display ospf lsdb ase command

Field

Description

type

Type of the LSA

ls id

Link state ID of the LSA

adv rtr

Router ID of the router that advertises the LSA

ls age

Age of the LSA

len

Length of the LSA

seq#

Sequence number of the LSA

chksum

Checksum of the LSA

Options

Options of the LSA:

O: Opaque LSA advertisement and reception capability

E: AS External LSA reception capability

EA: External extended LSA reception and forwarding capability

DC: On-demand link support

N: NSSA external LSA support

P: Capability of an NSSA ABR to translate Type-7 LSAs into Type-5 LSAs.

Net mask

Network mask

E type

Type of external route:

1: Type-1 external route

2: Type-2 external route

Forwarding Address

Forwarding address

Tag

Tag

 

display ospf nexthop

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] nexthop

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf nexthop command to display the OSPF next-hop information.

Examples

# Display the OSPF next-hop information.

<Sysname> display ospf nexthop

          OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

Next hops:

Address       Type    Refcount     Intf Addr       Intf Name

---------------------------------------------------------------

202.38.160.1  Direct         3        202.38.160.1        Vlan-interface2

202.38.160.2  Neighbor           1        202.38.160.1        Vlan-interface2

Table 4-9 Description on the fields of the display ospf nexthop command

Field

Description

Next hops

Detailed information of next hops

Address

IP address of next hop

Type

Type of next hop

Refcount

Reference count of the next hop, namely, number of routes using the next hop

Intf Addr

IP address of the interface to the next hop

Intf Name

Name of the interface to the next hop

 

display ospf peer

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] peer [ brief | statistics ]

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

brief: Displays brief information of OSPF neighbors.

statistics: Displays the statistics of OSPF neighbors.

Description

Use the display ospf peer command to display the information of OSPF neighbors.

Examples

# Display the information of OSPF neighbors.

<Sysname> display ospf peer

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                               Neighbors

 

  Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.153.17.88(Vlan-interface1)'s neighbor(s)

  RouterID: 2.2.2.2         Address: 10.153.17.89

        State: Full  Mode: Nbr is Master  Priority: 1

        DR: 10.153.17.89  BDR: 10.153.17.88

        Dead timer expires in 31s

        Neighbor has been up for 01:14:14

Table 4-10 Description on the fields of the display ospf peer command

Field

Description

RouterID

ID of a neighbor router

Address

IP address of the interface on a neighbor router

State

State of a neighbor:

Down: This is the initial state of a neighbor conversation.

Init: In this state, the router has seen a Hello packet from the neighbor. However, the router has not established bidirectional communication with the neighbor (the router itself did not appear in the neighbor's hello packet).

Attempt: Available only in an NBMA network, Under this state, the OSPF router has not received any information from a neighbor for a period but can send Hello packets with a longer interval to keep neighbor relationship.

2-Way: In this state, communication between the two routers is bidirectional. The router itself appears in the neighbor's Hello packet.

Exstart: The goal of this state is to decide which router is the master, and to decide upon the initial Database Description (DD) sequence number.

Exchange: In this state, the router is sending DD packets to the neighbor, describing its entire link-state database.

Loading: In this state, the router sends Link State Request packets to the neighbor, requesting more recent LSAs.

Full: In this state, the neighboring routers are fully adjacent.

Mode

Master/Slave mode formed by negotiation in exchanging DD packet

Priority

Priority of DR/BDR for neighbor election

DR

DR in the subnet the interface is attached to

BDR

BDR in the subnet the interface is attached to

Dead timer expires in 31s

If no hello packet is received from the neighbor within this interval, the neighbor will be considered dead.

Neighbor has been up for 01:14:14

Lifetime of neighbor

 

# Display the brief information about every peer.

<Sysname> display ospf peer brief

                  OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                         Neighbor Brief Information

Area 0.0.0.1:

Router ID    Address       Pri  DeadTime(s)  Interface            State

2.2.2.2      192.168.0.2   1     39            Vlan-interface 1   Full/BDR

Table 4-11 Description on the fields of the display ospf peer brief command

Field

Description

Router ID

Router ID of neighbor router

Address

IP address of the interface of a neighbor router

Pri

Priority of a neighbor router

DeadTime(s)

Dead time, in seconds, of neighbor router

Interface

Type and number of the local router interface connected to the neighbor router

State

State of a neighbor router, including

Down

Init

Attempt

2-Way

Exstart

Exchange

Loading

Full

If the neighbor router is a designated router, DR will be attached to the state. If the neighbor route is a backup designated router, BDR will be attached. If the neighbor route is neither a DR, nor a BDR, only the state is displayed.

 

# Display OSPF neighbor statistics.

<Sysname> display ospf peer statistics

                  OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                            Neighbor Statistics

 

Area ID       Down  Attempt Init 2-Way ExStart Exchange Loading Full Total

0.0.0.1       0      0         0     0     0        0          0        1     1

Total         0     0         0     0     0        0          0        1     1

Table 4-12 Description on the fields of the display ospf peer statistics command

Field

Description

Area ID

Area ID

Down

Initial state for OSPF to establish neighbor relation, which indicates that OSPF router does not receive the message from a certain neighbor router within a period of time

Attempt

It is enabled in an NBMA environment, such as Frame Relay, X.25 or ATM. It indicates that OSPF router does not receive the message from a certain neighbor router within a period of time, but still attempts to send Hello packet to the adjacent routers for their communications with a lower frequency.

Init

It indicates that OSPF router has received Hello packet from a neighbor router, but its IP address is not contained in the Hello packet. Therefore, a two-way communication between them has not been established.

2-Way

It indicates that a two-way communication between OSPF router and neighbor router has been established. DR and BDR can be selected in this state (or higher state).

ExStart

In this state, the router determines the sequence number of initial database description (DD) packet used for data exchange, so that it can obtain the latest link state information

Exchange

It indicates that OSPF router sends DD packet to its neighbor routers to exchange link state information

Loading

In this state, OSPF router requests neighbor routers based on the updated link state information from neighbor routers and its expired information, and waits for response from neighbor routers

Full

It indicates that database synchronization between the routers that have established neighbor relation has been completed, and their link state databases have been consistent

Total

Total number of neighbors in various states

 

display ospf request-queue

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] request-queue

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf request-queue command to display the information about the OSPF request-queue.

Examples

# Display the information about the OSPF request-queue.

<Sysname> display ospf request-queue

The Router's Neighbors is

  RouterID:  1.1.1.1         Address: 1.1.1.1

  Interface: 1.1.1.3         Area: 0.0.0.0

  LSID:1.1.1.3          AdvRouter:1.1.1.3  Sequence:80000017  Age:35

Table 4-13 Description on the fields of the display ospf request-queue command

Field

Description

RouterID

ID of a neighbor router

Address

IP address of the interface on a neighbor router

Interface

IP address of the interface on the local router

Area

Area number of OSPF

LSID

Link state ID in the LSA

AdvRouter

Router ID of the router that advertised the LSA

Sequence

Sequence number of the LSA, used to discover old and repeated LSAs

Age

Age of the LSA

 

display ospf retrans-queue

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] retrans-queue

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf retrans-queue command to display the information about the OSPF retransmission queue.

Examples

# Display the information about the OSPF retransmission queue.

<Sysname> display ospf retrans-queue

                OSPF Process 200 with Router ID 103.160.1.1

                             Retransmit List

      The Router's Neighbors is

  RouterID: 162.162.162.162 Address: 103.169.2.2

  Interface: 103.169.2.5     Area: 0.0.0.1

          Retrans list:

          Type: ASE  LSID:129.11.77.0  AdvRouter:103.160.1.1

          Type: ASE  LSID:129.11.108.0  AdvRouter:103.160.1.1

Table 4-14 Description on the fields of the display ospf retrans-queue command

Field

Description

RouterID

ID of a neighbor router

Address

IP address of the interface on a neighbor router

Interface

IP address of the interface on the local router

Retrans list

Retransmit list

Area

Area number of OSPF

Type

Type of the LSA

LSID

Link State ID of the LSA

AdvRouter

Router ID of the router that advertises the LSA

 

display ospf routing

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] routing

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf routing command to display the information about OSPF routing table.

Examples

# Display OSPF routing information.

<Sysname> display ospf routing

                OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                             Routing Tables

Routing for Network

Destination             Cost Type NextHop         AdvRouter        Area

10.110.0.0/16             1  Net  10.110.10.1      10.10.10.1      0.0.0.0

10.10.0.0/16              1  Stub 10.10.0.1        3.3.3.3         0.0.0.0

 

Total Nets: 2

  Intra Area: 2  Inter Area: 0  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0

Table 4-15 Description on the fields of the display ospf routing command

Field

Description

Destination

IP address of the destination network

Cost

Cost of a route

Type

Type of route

NextHop

Next hop of route

AdvRouter

ID of the router that advertises the route

Area

Area ID

Total Nets

Total number of intra-area routes, inter-area routes, external routes, and NSSA routes

Intra Area

Number of intra-area routes

Inter Area

Number of inter-area routes

ASE

Number of external routes

NSSA

Number of NSSA routes

 

display ospf vlink

Syntax

display ospf [ process-id ] vlink

View

Any view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

Description

Use the display ospf vlink command to display the information about OSPF virtual links.

Examples

# Display OSPF virtual link information.

<Sysname> display ospf vlink

 

                  OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.0

                               Virtual Links

 

  Virtual-link Neighbor-id  -> 1.1.1.1, State: Full

  Interface: 192.168.0.37 (Vlan-interface1)

    Cost: 10 State: PtoP    Type: Virtual

    Transit Area: 0.0.0.2

    Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 0, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay

Table 4-16 Description on the fields of the display ospf vlink command

Field

Description

Virtual-link Neighbor-id

ID of a virtual-link neighbor router

State

State of a neighbor router. It can be Down, Init, Attempt, 2-Way, Exstart, Exchange, Loading, or Full.

Cost

Route cost of the interface

State

State of the interface state machine:

DOWN: No protocol packet is sent or received on the interface.

Waiting: The interface starts sending and receiving Hello packets and is trying to identify the (Backup) designated router for the network.

PtoP: The interface sends Hello packets at the interval of HelloInterval, and tries to establish an adjacency with the peer router.

DR: The router itself is the designated router on the attached network.

BDR: The router itself is the backup designated router on the attached network.

DROther: Tthe interface is on a network on which another router has been selected to be the designated router.

Type

Type: virtual link

Transit Area

ID of transit area

Timers

OSPF timers, including

Hello: Hello interval

Dead: Dead neighbor interval

Poll: Poll interval

Retransmit: Interval for retransmitting LSA

Transmit Delay

Delay time of transmitting LSA

 

filter-policy export

Syntax

filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name } export [ protocol ]

undo filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name} export [ protocol ]

View

OSPF view

Parameters

acl-number: Number of an ACL used to match the destination address in routing information, in the range of 2000 to 3999.

ip-prefix-name: Name of the address prefix list used to match the destination address in routing information, a string of up to 19 characters.

protocol: Filters outgoing routes redistributed from the routing protocol, including direct, rip, and static.

For details about IP prefix list information, refer to the section IP Route Policy Configuration.

Description

Use the filter-policy export command to configure the filtering of outgoing redistributed routes.

Use the undo filter-policy export command to disable such filtering.

By default, filtering of outgoing redistributed routes is not configured.

In some cases, it may be required that only the routing information meeting some conditions can be advertised. You can use the filter-policy command to set the filtering conditions for the routing information to be advertised. Only the routing information passing the filtration can be advertised.

This command filters routes redistributed (with the import-route command) by OSPF. If the protocol argument is specified, this command filters only the outgoing routes redistributed from the protocol. If the protocol argument is not specified, the outgoing routes redistributed from all protocols will be filtered.

Related commands: acl, ip ip-prefix.

For details about ACL, refer to the section ACL Operation.

Examples

# Reference ACL 2000 to filter outgoing redistributed routing information.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] acl number 2000

[Sysname-acl-basic-2000] rule 0 permit source 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.255

[Sysname-acl-basic-2000] quit

[Sysname] ospf

[Sysname-ospf-1] filter-policy 2000 export

filter-policy import

Syntax

filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name | gateway prefix-list-name } import

undo filter-policy { acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name | gateway ip-prefix-name } import

View

OSPF view

Parameters

acl-number: Number of an ACL used to match destination addresses in routing information, in the range 2000 to 3999.

ip-prefix-name: Name of the IP prefix list used to match destination addresses in routing information, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

gateway ip-prefix-name: Name of an IP address prefix list used to filter routes based on the next hop of the routing information, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

For details about IP prefix lists, refer to the section IP Route Policy Configuration.

Description

Use the filter-policy import command to configure the filtering of incoming routes.

Use the undo filter-policy import command to disable such filtering.

By default, no filtering of incoming routes is configured.

In some cases, it may be required that only the routing information meeting some conditions can be received. You can use the filter-policy import command to set the matching rules for the routing information to be received. Only the routing information matching the rules will be received.

The filter-policy import command only filters the routes calculated with the SPF algorithm. Only the routes passing the filtration can be added to the routing table.

OSPF is a dynamic routing protocol based on link state, with routing information contained in LSAs.

For the filtering of incoming routes, routes to be filtered are calculated by SPF and installed in the OSPF routing table.

For the filtering of outing routes, denied LSAs will not be generated for advertisement.

Examples

# Reference ACL 2000 to filter incoming routing information.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] acl ospf

[Sysname-ospf-1] filter-policy 2000 import

import-route

Syntax

import-route protocol [ process-id ] [ cost value | type value | tag value | route-policy route-policy-name ] *

undo import-route protocol [ process-id ]

View

OSPF view

Parameters

protocol: Source routing protocol whose routes will be imported. At present, it can be direct, ospf, ospf-ase, ospf-nssa, rip, or static.

process-id: OSPF Process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. This argument is valid only when the routing protocol is ospf, ospf-ase, or ospf-nssa.

route-policy: Redistributes only the routing information matching the routing policy.

route-policy-name: Name of a routing policy, a string of up to 19 characters.

cost value: Specifies the cost of redistributed routes. The cost value ranges from 0 to 16777214 and defaults to 1.

type value: Specifies the type of redistributed routes. The type value is 1 or 2 and defaults to 2.

tag value: Specifies the tag of redistributed routes. A tag can be used by a route policy. The tag value ranges from 0 to 4294967295 and defaults to 1.

Description

Use the import-route command to redistribute external routes.

Use the undo import-route command to disable importing redistribution from other protocols.

 

You are recommended to configure the route type, cost and tag together in one command. When you configure them individually, the new configuration for an attribute will overwrite the old configuration for the attribute.

 

By default, OSPF does not redistribute any routing information of other protocols.

Examples

# Redistribute routes from RIP and specify the type as type-2, tag as 33, and cost as 50 for redistributed routes.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] import-route rip type 2 tag 33 cost 50

log-peer-change

Syntax

log-peer-change

undo log-peer-change

View

OSPF view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the log-peer-change command to enable logging of OSPF neighbor state changes.

Use the undo log-peer-change command to disable logging of OSPF neighbor state changes.

By default, logging of OSPF neighbor state changes is disabled.

Note that:

With the logging enabled, the system will output log information when a neighbor changes to the Full state or to the Down state.

Neighbor states include Down, Init, Attempt, 2-Way, Exstart, Exchange, Loading and Full.

Examples

# Enable logging of neighbor state changes.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] log-peer-change

multi-path-number

Syntax

multi-path-number value

undo multi-path-number

View

OSPF view

Parameters

value: Number of equal cost multi-path (ECMP) routes, in the range of 1 to 3.

Description

Use the multi-path-number command to set the number of OSPF ECMP routes.

Use the undo multi-path-number command to restore the default.

By default, the number of OSPF ECMP routes is 3.

Examples

# Set the number of OSPF ECMP routes to 2.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] multi-path-number 2

network

Syntax

network ip-address wildcard-mask

undo network ip-address wildcard-mask

View

OSPF area view

Parameters

ip-address: IP address of the network segment where the interface resides, in dotted decimal notation.

wildcard-mask: Wildcard mask, in dotted decimal notation. The wildcard mask is the exact reverse, bit for bit, of the subnet mask. For example, if the subnet mask is 255.0.0.0, the wildcard mask is 0.255.255.255.

Description

Use the network command to enable an interface to run the OSPF protocol.

Use the undo network command to disable an interface from running OSPF.

By default, the interface does not belong to any area.

To run OSPF on an interface, the master IP address of this interface must be in the range of the network segment specified by this command. If only the slave IP address of the interface is in the range of the network segment specified by this command, this interface will not run OSPF.

Related commands: ospf.

Examples

# Specify the interfaces whose master IP addresses are in the segment range of 10.110.36.0/24 to run OSPF and specify the number of the OSPF area (where these interfaces reside) as 6.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 6

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.6] network 10.110.36.0 0.0.0.255

nssa

Syntax

nssa [ default-route-advertise | no-import-route | no-summary | translate-always ] *

undo nssa

View

OSPF area view

Parameters

default-route-advertise: Redistributes a default route into an NSSA.

no-import-route: Redistributes no routes into an NSSA.

no-summary: Advertises only a default route in a Type-3 summary LSA into the NSSA area and disables the ABR from transmitting any other Type-3 LSAs to an NSSA

translate-always: Specifies the ABR as the Type-7 LSAs translator of the NSSA area. This keyword takes effect only on the ABR of an NSSA area.

Description

Use the nssa command to configure an OSPF area as an NSSA area.

Use the undo nssa command to cancel the function.

By default, no NSSA area is configured.

For all the routers connected to the NSSA area, the nssa command must be used to configure the area as an NSSA.

The default-route-advertise keyword is available only on an NSSA ABR or ASBR. If this keyword is configured on an NSSA ABR, the ABR generates a default route in a Type-7 LSA into the NSSA regardless of whether the default route is available. If it is configured on an ASBR, only when a default route is available on the ASBR can it generate the default route in a Type-7 LSA into the attached area.

The no-import-route keyword is usable only on an NSSA ABR that is also the ASBR of the OSPF routing domain. It disables redistributed routes from entering the NSSA area, but allows them to enter other OSPF areas.

The no-summary keyword is usable only on an NSSA ABR to advertise only a default route in a Type-3 summary LSA into the NSSA area. In this way, all the other summary LSAs are not advertised into the area. Such an area is known as an NSSA totally stub area.

The translate-always keyword is used to specify the ABR of an NSSA area as the Type-7 LSAs translator.

In the NSSA area, the Type-7 LSAs translator state determines whether the ABR needs to translate Type-7 LSAs into Type-5 LSAs. You can use the display ospf brief command to display the Type-7 LSAs translator state.

If the translate-always keyword is not used on the ABR, the ABR will take part in the Type-7 LSAs translator election among all the ABRs in the NSSA area.

l          If the Type-7 LSAs translator state is Elected after the election, the ABR translates Type-7 LSAs into Type-5 LSAs.

l          If the Type-7 LSAs translator state is Disabled after the election, the ABR does not translate Type-7 LSAs into Type-5 LSAs.

If the ABR that has the translate-always keyword configured and has a neighbor in the FULL state in the backbone area, its Type-7 LSAs translator state becomes Enabled and it will translate Type-7 LSAs into Type-5 LSAs.

 

After an OSPF area is configured as a Stub area, the ABR in the area automatically advertises a default route into the attached NSSA area. After an area is configured as an NSSA area, however, no ABR or ASBR in the area will automatically advertise a default route into the attached NSSA.

 

Examples

# Configure area 1 as NSSA area.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 1

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 36.0.0.0 0.255.255.255

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] nssa

ospf

Syntax

ospf [ process-id [ router-id router-id ] ]

undo ospf [ process-id ]

View

System view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. By default, the process ID is 1. process-id is locally significant.

router-id: Router ID of an OSPF process, in dotted decimal notation.

Description

Use the ospf command to enable one or more OSPF processes or enter OSPF view.

Use the undo ospf command to disable an OSPF process.

By default, the system does not run any OSPF process.

Related commands: network.

 

l          To run OSPF, a router must have a router ID specified. If no router ID is specified, the system will automatically select one of the router interface IP addresses as the router ID.

l          If a router runs multiple OSPF processes, you are recommended to specify a router ID for each process by using the ospf command.

 

Examples

# Enable OSPF process 120, with the Router ID being 10.110.1.8.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] router id 10.110.1.8

[Sysname] ospf 120 router-id 10.110.1.8

[Sysname-ospf-120]

ospf authentication-mode

Syntax

ospf authentication-mode { simple password | md5 key-id key }

undo ospf authentication-mode { simple | md5 }

View

Interface view

Parameters

simple: Plain authentication.

md5: MD5 authentication.

password: Password of plain. The password argument is a string of up to eight characters.

key-id: ID of the authentication key in MD5 authentication mode, ranging from 1 to 255.

key: MD5 authentication key. If it is input in a plain text form, MD5 key is a string of 1 to 16 characters. It is displayed in a cipher text form with 24 characters in length when the display current-configuration command is executed. Inputting the MD5 key in a cipher text form with 24 characters in length is also supported.

Description

Use the ospf authentication-mode command to configure the authentication mode and key between adjacent routers.

Use the undo ospf authentication-mode command to cancel the authentication key that has been set.

By default, the interface does not authenticate the OSPF packets.

The passwords for authentication keys of the routers on the same network segment must be identical. In addition, you need to use the authentication-mode command to set the authentication type of the area, so as to validate the configuration.

Related commands: authentication-mode.

Examples

# Configure area 1 where the network segment 131.119.0.0 of interface VLAN-interface 10 resides to support MD5 cipher text authentication. Set the authentication key identifier to 15 and the authentication key to abc.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 1

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 131.119.0.0 0.0.255.255

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] authentication-mode md5

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit

[Sysname-ospf-1] quit

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf authentication-mode md5 15 abc

ospf cost

Syntax

ospf cost value

undo ospf cost

View

Interface view

Parameters

value: Cost for running an OSPF process on an interface, in the range of 1 to 65535.

Description

Use the ospf cost command to configure the OSPF cost on an interface.

Use the undo ospf cost command to restore the default.

By default, the OSPF cost on an interface is 10.

You can use the display ospf brief command to display the OSPF cost information.

Related commands: display ospf brief.

Examples

# Specify the OSPF cost on the interface as 33.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf cost 33

ospf dr-priority

Syntax

ospf dr-priority priority

undo ospf dr-priority

View

Interface view

Parameters

priority: Designated router (DR) election priority of the interface, in the range of 0 to 255.

Description

Use the ospf dr-priority command to configure the DR election priority of the interface.

Use the undo ospf dr-priority command to restore the default.

By default, the DR election priority of an interface is 1.

The DR election priority of an interface determines the qualification of the interface. The interface with a higher priority will be preferred when an election conflict occurs. An interface with a DR priority of 0 does not take part in any DR election.

The priority of a router affects the DR and BDR election. However, a router that has a higher priority specified after the DR and BDR have been selected cannot become the DR or BDR immediately.

Examples

# Set the DR election priority of the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 8.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf dr-priority 8

ospf mib-binding

Syntax

ospf mib-binding process-id

undo ospf mib-binding

View

System view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535.

Description

Use the ospf mib-binding command to bind MIB operations to the specified OSPF process.

Use the undo ospf mib-binding command to restore the default.

By default, MIB operations are bound to the first enabled OSPF process.

When OSPF enables the first process, OSPF always binds MIB operation to this process. You can use this command to bind MIB operation to another OSPF process.

To cancel the binding, use the undo ospf mib-binding command. OSPF will automatically re-bind MIB operation to the first process that it enables.

Examples

# Bind MIB operations to OSPF process 100.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf mib-binding 100

ospf mtu-enable

Syntax

ospf mtu-enable

undo ospf mtu-enable

View

Interface view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the ospf mtu-enable command to add the interface MTU to the MTU field in DD packets.

Use the undo ospf mtu-enable command to restore the default.

By default, the MTU field in DD packets is 0. That is, no interface MTU is added to the MTU field in DD packets.

The default MTU value in DD packet is 0. You can use this command to add the interface MTU to the MTU field in DD packets.

When a router starts, it sends a Hello packet via the OSPF interface, and the router that receives the hello packet checks parameters carried in the packet. If parameters of the two routers match, they become neighbors.

Not every pair of neighboring routers become adjacent, which depends on network types. Only by synchronizing the LSDB via exchanging DD packets and LSAs can two routers become adjacent. If the MTU values of the DD packets sent by two neighboring routers are different, they will not receive DD packets from each other and therefore they will not become adjacent.

Examples

# Add the MTU of the interface VLAN-interface 3 to the MTU field in DD packets.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 3

[Sysname-Vlan-interface3] ospf mtu-enable

ospf network-type

Syntax

ospf network-type { broadcast | nbma | p2mp [ unicast ] | p2p }

undo ospf network-type

View

Interface view

Parameters

broadcast: Specifies the network type as broadcast.

nbma: Specifies the network type as NBMA.

p2mp: Specifies the network type as point-to-multipoint.

unicast: Sends packets to unicast addresses.

p2p: Specifies the network type as point-to-point.

Description

Use the ospf network-type command to configure the network type for an interface.

Use the undo ospf network-type command to restore the default network type.

OSPF divides networks into four types based on link layer protocol:

l          Broadcast: If Ethernet or FDDI is adopted, OSPF defaults the network type to broadcast.

l          Non-Broadcast Multi-access (NBMA): If Frame Relay, ATM, HDLC or X.25 is adopted, OSPF defaults the network type to NBMA.

l          Point-to-Multipoint (P2MP): OSPF will not default the network type of any link layer protocol to P2MP. The general undertaking is to change a partially connected NBMA network to P2MP network.

l          Point-to-point (P2P): If PPP, LAPB or POS is adopted, OSPF defaults the network type to P2P.

If there is any router not supporting multicast addresses on a broadcast network, the network type of the interface can be changed to NBMA.

For a non-broadcast multi-accessible network to be of NBMA type, any two routers in the network must be directly reachable to each other through a virtual circuit. In other words, the network must be fully-meshed.

For a network not meeting this condition, the network type of the interface must be changed to point-to-multipoint. In this way, routing information can be exchanged between two routers not directly reachable to each other through another router that is directly reachable to the two routers.

If only two routers run OSPF in the same network segment, the network type of the interface can also be changed to point-to-point.

For a P2MP interface,

l          If the unicast keyword is not specified, the interface sends packets to multicast addresses.

l          If the unicast keyword is specified, the interface sends packets to unicast addresses. In this case, you must use the peer command to specify the neighbor.

Note that you must use the peer command to configure the peer if the network type of the interface is NBMA or manually changed to NBMA with the ospf network-type command.

Related commands: ospf dr-priority.

Examples

# Set the network type of the interface VLAN-interface 10 to NBMA.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf network-type nbma

ospf timer dead

Syntax

ospf timer dead seconds

undo ospf timer dead

View

Interface view

Parameters

seconds: Dead interval of the OSPF neighbor. It is in seconds and ranges from 1 to 65535.

Description

Use the ospf timer dead command to configure the dead interval of the OSPF neighbor.

Use the undo ospf timer dead command to restore the default.

By default, the dead interval is

l          40 seconds for the OSPF peers of p2p and broadcast interfaces

l          120 seconds for those of p2mp and nbma interfaces

The dead interval of OSPF peers means that, within this interval, if no Hello message is received from the peer, the peer will be considered to be invalid. The value of dead seconds should be at least four times of that of the Hello seconds. The dead seconds for the interfaces on the same network segment must be identical.

Related commands: ospf timer hello.

Examples

# Set the peer dead interval on the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 80 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf timer dead 80

ospf timer hello

Syntax

ospf timer hello seconds

undo ospf timer hello

View

Interface view

Parameters

seconds: Interval, in seconds, at which an interface transmits hello packet. It ranges from 1 to 255.

Description

Use the ospf timer hello command to configure the interval for transmitting Hello messages on an interface.

Use the undo ospf timer hello command to restore the interval to the default.

By default, the Hello interval is

l          10 seconds for an interface of p2p or broadcast

l          30 seconds for an interface of p2mp or nbma

Hello packets are periodically sent to find and maintain neighbors and used for DR/BDR election. The hello seconds value must be identical on interfaces attached to the same network segment. Otherwise, neighbor relationships cannot be established between routers.

Related commands: ospf timer dead.

Examples

# Configure the interval of transmitting Hello messages on the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 20 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf timer hello 20

ospf timer poll

Syntax

ospf timer poll seconds

undo ospf timer poll

View

Interface view

Parameters

seconds: Poll Hello interval in seconds. It ranges from 1 to 65535.

Description

Use the ospf timer poll command to configure the poll interval at which the interface sends hello packets to the neighbor in the Down state.

Use the undo ospf timer poll command to restore the default.

By default, the poll interval is 40 seconds.

On an NBMA network, if a neighbor becomes invalid, Hello packets will be transmitted at intervals of poll seconds. You can configure the poll seconds to specify how often the interface transmits Hello packets before it establishes neighbor relationship with the router. The poll interval should be no less than 4 times the Hello interval.

Examples

# Configure to transmit poll Hello packet through interface VLAN-interface 20 every 130 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 20

[Sysname-Vlan-interface20] ospf timer poll 130

ospf timer retransmit

Syntax

ospf timer retransmit interval

undo ospf timer retransmit

View

Interface view

Parameters

interval: Interval, in seconds, for retransmitting LSA on an interface. It ranges from 1 to 3600.

Description

Use the ospf timer retransmit command to configure the interval for retransmitting an LSA on an interface.

Use the undo ospf timer retransmit command to restore the default.

By default, the interval for retransmitting an LSA is 5 seconds.

If a router running OSPF transmits a link state advertisement (LSA) to the peer, it needs to wait for the acknowledgement packet from the peer. If no acknowledgement is received from the peer within the LSA retransmission interval, this LSA will be retransmitted.

The LSA retransmit between adjacent routers should not be set too short; otherwise, unexpected retransmission will occur (See RFC2328).

Examples

# Set the interval for retransmitting LSA between the interface VLAN-interface 10 and the adjacent routers to 12 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf timer retransmit 12

ospf trans-delay

Syntax

ospf trans-delay seconds

undo ospf trans-delay

View

Interface view

Parameters

seconds: LSA transmission delay in seconds on an interface. It ranges from 1 to 3600.

Description

Use the ospf trans-delay command to configure the LSA transmission delay on an interface.

Use the undo ospf trans-delay command to restore the default.

By default, the LSA transmission delay on an interface is 1 second.

Each LSA in the LSDB has an age that is incremented by 1 every second, but the age does not change during transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to add a transmission delay into its age time, which is important for low speed networks.

Examples

# Set the LSA transmission delay on the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 3 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10

[Sysname-Vlan-interface10] ospf trans-delay 3

peer

Syntax

peer ip-address [ dr-priority dr-priority ]

undo peer ip-address

View

OSPF view

Parameters

ip-address: IP address of a neighbor router.

dr-priority: Value of the corresponding priority of a neighbor in the NBMA network. It ranges from 0 to 255 and defaults to 1.

Description

Use the peer command to specify a neighbor and its DR priority on an NBMA network.

Use the undo peer command to remove this configuration.

On an NBMA network, you can configure mappings to make the network fully meshed (any two routers have a direct link in between), so OSPF can handle DR/BDR election as it does on a broadcast network. However, since routers on the network cannot find neighbors via broadcasting hello packets, you need to specify neighbors and neighbor DR priorities on the routers.

Related commands: ospf dr-priority.

Examples

# Specify a neighbor with IP address 10.1.1.1.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] peer 10.1.1.1

preference

Syntax

preference [ ase ] value

undo preference [ ase ]

View

OSPF view

Parameters

value: OSPF protocol preference, in the range of 1 to 255.

ase: Indicates the preference of a redistributed external route of the AS.

Description

Use the preference command to configure the preference of the OSPF protocol.

Use the undo preference command to restore the default.

By default, the preference of an internal OSPF route is 10 and that of an external OSPF route is 150.

Because multiple dynamic routing protocols could be running on a router, there is the problem of routing information sharing among routing protocols and selection. Therefore, a default preference is specified for each routing protocol. When a route is identified by different protocols, the protocol with the highest preference selected for forwarding IP packets.

Examples

# Specify the preference of an imported external route of the AS as 160.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] preference ase 160

reset ospf

Syntax

reset ospf { all | process-id }

View

User view

Parameters

all: Resets all OSPF processes.

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535.

Description

Use the reset ospf command to reset OSPF process(es).

After you use this command to reset an OSPF process:

l          Invalid LSA is cleared immediately before LSA times out.

l          A new Router ID takes effect if the Router ID changes.

l          DR and BDR are re-elected conveniently.

l          OSPF configuration before the restart will not lose.

After this command is issued, the system will prompt you to confirm whether to re-enable OSPF.

Examples

# Reset all the OSPF processes.

<Sysname> reset ospf all

# Reset OSPF process 200.

<Sysname> reset ospf 200

reset ospf statistics

Syntax

reset ospf statistics { all | process-id }

View

User view

Parameters

all: Clears the statistics of all OSPF processes.

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535.

Description

Use the reset ospf statistics command to clear the statistic of OSPF process(es).

Examples

# Clear the statistics of all OSPF processes.

<Sysname> reset ospf statistics all

router id

Syntax

router id router-id

undo router id

View

System view

Parameters

router-id: Router ID, in dotted decimal notation.

Description

Use the router id command to configure the ID of a router running the OSPF protocol.

Use the undo router id command to cancel the router ID that has been set.

 

If the router-id command is not used, a router ID is set following these rules:

l          If loopback interfaces configured with IP addresses exist, the greatest loopback interface IP address will be used as the router ID.

l          If no loopback interface IP address exists, the greatest IP address of other interfaces will be used as the router ID, regardless of whether the interfaces are up or down.

l          A new router ID is selected only after the existing router ID is deleted or modified. Other cases, for example, when the interface with the router ID goes down, when a loopback interface address is configured after a non-loopback interface address is selected as the router ID, or when a greater interface IP address is configured, cannot trigger a new router ID selection process,  

l          To validate a new router ID, you need to execute the reset command.

 

Related commands: ospf.

Examples

# Set the router ID to 10.1.1.3.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] router id 10.1.1.3

silent-interface

Syntax

silent-interface silent-interface-type silent-interface-number

undo silent-interface silent-interface-type silent-interface-number

View

OSPF view

Parameters

silent-interface-type: Interface type

silent-interface-number: Interface number.

Description

Use the silent-interface command to disable an interface from transmitting OSPF packet.

Use the undo silent-interface command to restore the default.

By default, the interface is enabled to transmit OSPF packet.

To prevent the router on some network from receiving the OSPF routing information, you can use this command to disable this interface from transmitting OSPF packet. On the switch, this command can be used to enable/disable OSPF packet transmission through the specified VLAN interface.

Examples

# Disable interface VLAN-interface 20 from transmitting OSPF packet.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] silent-interface Vlan-interface 20

snmp-agent trap enable ospf

Syntax

snmp-agent trap enable ospf [ process-id ] [ ifauthfail | ifcfgerror | ifrxbadpkt | ifstatechange | iftxretransmit | lsdbapproachoverflow | lsdboverflow | maxagelsa | nbrstatechange | originatelsa | virifauthfail | virifcfgerror | virifrxbadpkt | virifstatechange | viriftxretransmit | virnbrstatechange ] *

undo snmp-agent trap enable ospf [ process-id ] [ ifauthfail | ifcfgerror | ifrxbadpkt | ifstatechange | iftxretransmit | lsdbapproachoverflow | lsdboverflow | maxagelsa | nbrstatechange | originatelsa | virifauthfail | virifcfgerror | virifrxbadpkt | virifstatechange | viriftxretransmit | virnbrstatechange ] *

View

System view

Parameters

process-id: OSPF process ID, in the range of 1 to 65535. If you do not specify a process ID, this command applies to all current OSPF processes.

ifstatechange, virifstatechange, nbrstatechange, virnbrstatechange, ifcfgerror, virifcfgerror, ifauthfail, virifauthfail, ifrxbadpkt, virifrxbadpkt, iftxretransmit, viriftxretransmit, originatelsa, maxagelsa, lsdboverflow, lsdbapproachoverflow: Types of TRAP packets that the switch produces in case of OSPF anomalies.

Description

Use the snmp-agent trap enable ospf command to enable the OSPF TRAP function.

Use the undo snmp-agent trap enable ospf command to disable the OSPF TRAP function.

This command does not apply to the OSPF processes that are started after the command is executed.

By default, the switch does not send TRAP packets in case of OSPF anomalies.

For detailed configuration of SNMP TRAP, refer to the SNMP-RMON part in this manual.

Examples

# Enable the TRAP function for OSPF process 100.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] snmp-agent trap enable ospf 100

spf-schedule-interval

Syntax

spf-schedule-interval interval

undo spf-schedule-interval

View

OSPF view

Parameters

interval: SPF calculation interval of OSPF, in seconds. It ranges from 1 to 10.

Description

Use the spf-schedule-interval command to configure the SPF calculation interval of OSPF.

Use the undo spf-schedule-interval command to restore the default.

By default, the SPF calculation interval of OSPF is 5 seconds.

According to the link state database (LSDB), the router running OSPF can calculate the shortest path tree taking itself as the root and determine the next hop to the destination network according to the shortest path tree. Adjusting SPF calculation interval restrains frequent network changes, which may occupy too many bandwidth resources and router resources.

Examples

# Set the OSPF route calculation interval of H3C to 6 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] spf-schedule-interval 6

stub

Syntax

stub [ no-summary ]

undo stub

View

OSPF area view

Parameters

no-summary: Disables an ABR from transmitting Type-3 LSAs to a Stub area.

Description

Use the stub command to configure the type of an OSPF area as "Stub".

Use the undo stub command to restore the default.

By default, no area is set to a Stub area.

To configure an area as a stub area, all routers attached to it must be configured with this command. If the router is an ABR, it will send a default route to the connected Stub area. Use the default-cost command to configure the default route cost. In addition, you can specify the no-summary argument in the stub command to disable the receiving of Type-3 LSAs by the Stub area connected to the ABR (such a stub area is known as a totally stub area).

Note the following when configuring a (totally) stub area:

l          The backbone area cannot be a (totally) stub area.

l          To configure an area as a stub area, the stub command must be configured on routers in the area.

l          A (totally) stub area cannot have an ASBR because AS external routes cannot be distributed into the stub area.

l          Virtual links cannot transit (totally) stub areas.

Related commands: default-cost.

Examples

# Set OSPF area 1 to a Stub area.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ospf 1

[Sysname-ospf-1] area 1

[Sysname-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub

vlink-peer

Syntax

vlink-peer router-id [ hello seconds | retransmit seconds | trans-delay seconds | dead seconds | simple password | md5 keyid key ] *

undo vlink-peer router-id

View

OSPF area view

Parameters

route-id: Router ID of virtual link peer.

hello seconds: Specifies the interval, in seconds, at which the router transmits hello packet. It ranges from 1 to 8192 and defaults to 10. This value must equal the hello seconds value of the router virtually linked to the interface.

retransmit seconds: Specifies the interval, in seconds, for retransmitting the LSA packets on an interface. It ranges from 1 to 3600 and defaults to 5.

trans-delay seconds: Specifies the delay, in seconds, for transmitting LSA packets on an interface. It ranges from 1 to 3600 and defaults to 1.

dead seconds: Specifies the interval, in seconds, of death timer. It ranges from 1 to 8192 and defaults to 40. This value must equal the dead seconds of the router virtually linked to it and must be at least four times of the hello seconds.

simple password: Specifies the simple text authentication password, which contains up to eight characters, of the interface. This value must equal the authentication key of the virtually linked peer.

keyid: MD5 authentication key ID. It ranges from 1 to 255. It must be equal to the authentication key ID of the virtually linked peer.

key: MD5 authentication key. If you use simple text authentication key, you can input a string containing 1 to 16 characters. When you use the display current-configuration command to display system information, the MD5 authentication key is displayed in the form of cipher text with a length of 24 characters. Inputting the key in the form of cipher text with a length of 24 characters is also supported.

Description

Use the vlink-peer command to create and configure a virtual link.

Use the undo vlink-peer command to cancel an existing virtual link.

According to RFC2328, an OSPF area must be connected to the backbone network. You can use the vlink-peer command to keep the connectivity. Virtual link can be regarded as a common interface that uses OSPF because the principle for configuring the parameters such as hello, retransmit, and trans-delay on it is similar.

Considerations on parameters:

l          The smaller the hello interval is, the faster the network converges and the more network resources are consumed.

l          A too small retransmission interval will lead to unnecessary retransmissions. A big value is appropriate for a low speed link.

l          You need to specify an appropriate transmission delay with the trans-delay keyword.

Note that, virtual link authentication adopts the MD5 cipher text or simple text authentication mode set with the authentication-mode command for Area 0. Therefore, you need to specify the authentication mode for Area 0 on both ABRs interconnected by the virtual link.

Related commands: authentication-mode, display ospf.

Examples

# Create a virtual link between Router A and Router B and use the MD5 cipher authentication mode (The router ID of Router A is 10.1.1.1 and that of Router B is 10.1.1.2).

l          Configure Router A

<RouterA> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[RouterA] ospf 1

[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] authentication-mode md5

[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[RouterA-ospf-1] area 10.0.0.0

[RouterA-ospf-1-area-10.0.0.0] vlink-peer 10.1.1.2 md5 3 345

l          Configure RouterB

<RouterB> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[RouterB] ospf 1

[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] authentication-mode md5

[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[RouterB-ospf-1] area 10.0.0.0

[RouterB-ospf-1-area-10.0.0.0] vlink-peer 10.1.1.1 md5 3 345

 


 

The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol.

 

IP Routing Policy Configuration Commands

apply cost

Syntax

apply cost value

undo apply cost

View

Route policy view

Parameters

value: Cost for matched routes, in the range of 0 to 4294967295.

Description

Use the apply cost command to apply a cost to routes satisfying matching rules.

Use the undo apply cost command to remove the configuration.

By default, no cost is applied to routes satisfying matching rules.

The apply clause is one that sets a cost for the routes satisfying matching rules in a routing policy.

Related commands: if-match interface, if-match acl, if-match ip-prefix, if-match ip next-hop, if-match cost, if-match tag, route-policy, apply tag.

Examples

# Create a routing policy named policy and node 1 with the matching mode being permit. Apply the cost 120 to routes matching ACL 2000.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy permit node 1

  %New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy] if-match acl 2000

[Sysname-route-policy] apply cost 120

apply tag

Syntax

apply tag value

undo apply tag

View

Route policy view

Parameters

value: Tag value of a route, in the range of 0 to 4294967295.

Description

Use the apply tag command to configure a tag for a route.

Use the undo apply tag command to remove the configuration.

By default, no tag is configured for a route.

Related commands: if-match interface, if-match acl, if-match ip-prefix, if-match ip next-hop, if-match cost, if-match tag, route-policy, apply cost.

Examples

# Create a routing policy named policy and node 1 with the matching mode being permit. Apply the tag 100 to routes matching ACL 2000.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy permit node 1

  %New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy] if-match acl 2000

[Sysname-route-policy] apply tag 100

display ip ip-prefix

Syntax

display ip ip-prefix [ ip-prefix-name ]

View

Any view

Parameters

ip-prefix-name: Name of an IP-prefix, a string of up to 19 characters.

Description

Use the display ip ip-prefix command to display information about an IP-prefix(es).

When ip-prefix-name is not specified, information about all the configured IP-prefixes is displayed.

Related commands: ip ip-prefix.

Examples

# Display the information about the address prefix list named p1.

<Sysname> display ip ip-prefix p1

name                 index   conditions  ip-prefix / mask    GE  LE

p1                   10      permit      10.1.0.0/16         17  18

Table 5-1 Description on the fields of the display ip ip-prefix command

Field

Description

name

Name of an IP-prefix

index

Internal sequence number of an IP-prefix

conditions

Matching mode, including

permit

deny

ip-prefix / mask

IP prefix/mask length for matching IP prefixes

GE

Greater-equal, that is, lower limit of subnet mask length of the matched IP address

LE

Less-equal, that is upper limit of subnet mask length of the matched IP address

 

display route-policy

Syntax

display route-policy [ route-policy-name ]

View

Any view

Parameters

route-policy-name: Name of a routing policy, a string of up to 19 characters.

Description

Use the display route-policy command to display information about routing policies.

If you do not specify a route policy name, this command displays all route-policies configured.

Related commands: route-policy.

Examples

# Display information about routing policy named policy1.

<Sysname> display route-policy policy1

Route-policy : policy1

  Permit 10 : if-match (ip-prefix) p1

              apply cost 100

Table 5-2 Description on the fields of the display route-policy command

Field

Description

Route-policy

Name of a routing policy

Permit 10

Information about the routing policy with the matching mode configured as permit and the node as 10.

if-match (ip-prefix) p1

Matching conditions

apply cost 100

Apply the cost 100 to the routes satisfying the matching conditions.

 

if-match { acl | ip-prefix }

Syntax

if-match { acl acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name }

undo if-match { acl | ip-prefix }

View

Route policy view

Parameters

acl-number: Number of the ACL used for filtering, in the range of 2000 to 3999.

ip-prefix-name: Name of the IP prefix list used for filtering, a string of up to 19 characters.

Description

Use the if-match command to match routes permitted by an ACL or IP prefix list.

Use the undo if-match command to remove the configuration.

By default, the if-match clause is not configured.

Related commands: if-match interface, if-match ip next-hop, if-match cost, if-match tag, route-policy, apply cost, apply tag.

Examples

# Define an if-match clause to match routing information permitted by IP-prefix p1.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy permit node 1

  %New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy] if-match ip-prefix p1

if-match cost

Syntax

if-match cost value

undo if-match cost

View

Route policy view

Parameters

value: Route cost, in the range of 0 to 4294967295.

Description

Use the if-match cost command to configure a cost matching rule for routing information.

Use the undo if-match cost command to remove the configuration.

By default, no cost matching rule is defined.

Related commands: if-match interface, if-match acl, if-match ip-prefix, if-match ip next-hop, if-match tag, route-policy, apply cost, apply tag.

Examples

# Define an if-match clause to match routes with the cost of 8.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy permit node 1

  %New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy] if-match cost 8

if-match interface

Syntax

if-match interface interface-type interface-number

undo if-match interface

View

Route policy view

Parameters

interface-type interface-number: Specifies the interface type and interface number.

Description

Use the if-match interface command to match routes having the specified outgoing interface.

Use the undo if-match interface command to remove the match rule.

By default, no such a matching rule is configured.

This command matches routes having next hops pass through the specified interface.

Related commands: if-match acl, if-match ip-prefix, if-match ip next-hop, if-match cost, if-match tag, route-policy, apply cost, apply tag.

Examples

# Define an if-match clause to match routes with the outbound interface VLAN-interface 1.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy permit node 1

  %New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy] if-match interface Vlan-interface 1

if-match ip next-hop

Syntax

if-match ip next-hop { acl acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name }

undo if-match ip next-hop [ ip-prefix ]

View

Route policy view

Parameters

acl acl-number: Number of a basic ACL used for filtering, in the range of 2000 to 2999.

ip-prefix ip-prefix-name: Name of the IP address prefix list used for filtering, a string of 1 to 19 characters.

Description

Use the if-match ip next-hop command to match routes with next hops specified in an ACL or IP prefix list.

Use the undo if-match ip next-hop command to remove the matching rule with an ACL.

Use the undo if-match ip next-hop ip-prefix command to remove the matching rule with an IP prefix list.

By default, no next hop matching rule is defined.

Related commands: if-match interface, if-match acl, if-match ip-prefix, if-match cost, if-match tag, route-policy, apply cost, apply tag.

Examples

# Define an if-match clause to match routes with next hops specified in the IP address prefix list p1.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy permit node 1

  %New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy] if-match ip next-hop ip-prefix p1

if-match tag

Syntax

if-match tag value

undo if-match tag

View

Route policy view

Parameters

value: Tag value, in the range of 0 to 4294967295.

Description

Use the if-match tag command to configure the tag matching rule for routing information.

Use the undo if-match tag command to remove the matching rule.

By default, no the tag matching rule for routing information is defined.

Related commands: if-match interface, if-match acl, if-match ip-prefix, if-match ip next-hop, if-match cost, route-policy, apply cost, apply tag.

Examples

# Define an if-match clause to match OSPF routes having the tag value 8.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy permit node 1

  %New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy] if-match tag 8

ip ip-prefix

Syntax

ip ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ index index-number ] { permit | deny } network len [ greater-equal greater-equal | less-equal less-equal ] *

undo ip ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ index index-number | permit | deny ]

View

System view

Parameters

ip-prefix-name: Name of an IP-prefix, a string of up to 19 characters. It identifies an address prefix list uniquely.

index-number: Identifier of an entry in the IP address prefix list, in the range 1 to 2047. The entry with a smaller index-number will be tested first.

permit: Specifies the match mode of the defined IP-prefix entries as permit mode. If the permit mode is specified and the IP address to be filtered is in the ip-prefix range specified by the entry, the entry is filtered through and the next entry is not tested. If the IP address to be filtered is not in the ip-prefix range specified by the entry, the next entry is tested

deny: Specifies the match mode of the defined IP-prefix entries as deny mode. If the deny mode is specified and the IP address to be filtered is in the ip-prefix range specified by the entry, the entry is not filtered through and the next entry is not tested; otherwise, the next entry is tested.

network: IP address prefix (IP address), in dotted decimal notation.

len: IP address prefix length (mask length), in the range of 0 to 32.

greater-equal, less-equal: Address prefix range [greater-equal, less-equal] to be matched after the address prefix network len has been matched. The meaning of greater-equal is "greater than or equal to", and the meaning of less-equal is "less than or equal to". The range is len <= greater-equal <= less-equal <= 32. When only greater-equal is used, it denotes the prefix range [greater-equal, 32]. When only less-equal is used, it denotes the prefix range [len, less-equal]. When both greater-equal and less-equal are specified, the prefix range is [ less-equal,greater-equal ].

Description

Use the ip ip-prefix command to configure an IP-prefix list or one of its entries.

Use the undo ip ip-prefix command to delete an IP-prefix list or one of its entries.

By default, no IP-prefix list is configured.

An IP-prefix list is used for IP address filtering. An IP prefix list may contain several entries, and each entry specifies one address prefix range. The inter-entry filtering relation is OR. That is, passing an entry means filtering through this address prefix list. Not filtering through any entry means not filtering through this IP-prefix.

The address prefix range may contain two parts, which are determined by len and [greater-equal, less-equal], respectively. If the prefix ranges of these two parts are both specified, the IP to be filtered must match the prefix ranges of these two parts.

If you specify network len as 0.0.0.0 0, it matches the default route only.

To match all the routes, use 0.0.0.0 0 less-equal 32.

Examples

# Define an ip-prefix named p1 to permit only the routes whose mask lengths are 17 or 18 on network segment 10.0.192.0/8 to pass.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] ip ip-prefix p1 permit 10.0.192.0 8 greater-equal 17 less-equal 18

route-policy

Syntax

route-policy route-policy-name { permit | deny } node node-number

undo route-policy route-policy-name [ permit | deny | node node-number ]

View

System view

Parameters

route-policy-name: Name of a routing policy, a string of 19 characters. This argument identifies a routing policy uniquely.

permit: Specifies the match mode of the defined routing policy node as permit. When a route entry meets all the if-match clauses of the node, the entry is permitted to filter through the node and the apply clause of the node will be performed. If a route entry does not meet the if-match clause of the node, the next node of the route-policy will be tested.

deny: Specifies the match mode of the defined Route-policy node as deny mode. When a route entry meets all the if-match clauses of the node, the entry is prohibited from filtering through the node and the next node will not be tested.

node: Specifies a node index in a routing policy.

node-number: Index of the node in a routing policy, in the range 0 to 2047. When this routing policy is used, the node with smaller node-number will be matched first.

Description

Use the route-policy command to create a routing policy or enter the Route-policy view.

Use the undo route-policy command to delete the created Route-policy.

By default, no Route-policy is defined.

Route-policy is used for route information filter. A Route-policy comprises some nodes and each node comprises some if-match clauses and apply clauses.

An if-match clause defines the match rules of this node. An apply clause defines the actions after filtering through this node. The filtering relationship between the if-match clauses of the node is AND. That is, all if-match clauses of the node must be met.

The filtering relation between Route-policy nodes is OR. That is, filtering through one node means filtering through this Route-policy. If the information does not filter through any node, it cannot filter through this Route-policy.

Related commands: if-match interface, if-match acl, if-match ip-prefix, if-match ip next-hop, if-match cost, if-match tag, apply cost, apply tag.

Examples

# Configure Route-policy policy1, with the node number of 10 and the match mode of permit, and enter Route policy view.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] route-policy policy1 permit node 10

%New sequence of this list

[Sysname-route-policy]

 


 

l          The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol.

l          The S3600-SI series do not support route capacity configuration.

 

Route Capacity Configuration Commands

display memory

Syntax

display memory [ unit unit-id ]

Mode

Any view

Parameters

unit-id: Unit ID.

Description

Use the display memory command to display the memory usage.

Examples

# Display the current memory usage of the switch.

<Sysname> display memory

Unit 1

System Available Memory(bytes): 33631488

System Used Memory(bytes): 16122304

Used Rate: 47%

The following table describes the fields of the command:

Table 6-1 Description on the fields of the display memory command

Field

Description

Unit

Specifies a Unit ID

System Available Memory(bytes)

Free memory size, in bytes, of the switch

System Used Memory(bytes)

Occupied memory size, in bytes, of the switch

Used Rate

Memory occupation rate

 

display memory limit

Syntax

display memory limit

Mode

Any view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the display memory limit command to display the memory setting and state information of the switch.

This command displays the current memory limit configuration, free memory, and state information about connections, such as times of disconnection, times of reconnection, and whether the current state is normal.

Examples

# Display the current memory setting and state information.

<Sysname> display memory limit

Current memory limit configuration information:

  system memory safety: 5 (MBytes)

  system memory limit: 4 (MBytes)

  auto-establish enabled

 

Free Memory: 17506496 (Bytes)

 

The state information about connection:

  The times of disconnect: 0

  The times of reconnect: 0

  The current state: Normal   

Table 6-2 Description on the fields of the display memory limit command

Field

Description

system memory safety

Safety value of the switch memory.

system memory limit

Lower limit of the switch memory.

auto-establish enabled

Automatic connection is enabled (If automatic connection is disabled, auto-establish disabled is displayed).

Free Memory

Size of the current free memory in bytes

The times of disconnect:

Number of disconnections of the routing protocol

The times of reconnect

Number of reconnections of the routing protocol

The current state

Current memory state, including

Normal

Exigence

 

memory

Syntax

memory { safety safety-value | limit limit-value }*

undo memory [ safety | limit ]

View

System view

Parameters

safety-value: Safety free memory of the switch , in Mbytes. Its value range depends on the free memory of the current switch. This value defaults to 5.

limit-value: Lower limit of the switch free memory, in Mbytes. Its value range depends on the free memory of the current switch. This value defaults to 4.

Description

Use the memory limit limit-value command to configure the lower limit of the switch free memory.

When the free memory of the switch is less than the limit-value, all the routing protocol connections will be disconnected forcibly.

Use the memory safety safety-value command to configure the safety value of the switch free memory.

If you use the memory auto-establish enable command (the default configuration), the routing protocol connection that is forcibly disconnected automatically recovers when the free memory of the switch reaches the safety-value.

Use the memory safety safety-value limit limit-value command to change both the safety value and lower limit of the switch free memory.

Use the undo memory command to restore the default safety value and lower limit of the switch free memory.

Related commands: memory auto-establish disable, memory auto-establish enable, display memory limit.

 

When you configure the memory command, the safety-value argument in the command must be greater than the limit-value argument; otherwise, the configuration will fail.

 

Examples

# Set the lower limit of the switch free memory to 1 MB and the safety value to 3 MB.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] memory safety 3 limit 1

memory auto-establish disable

Syntax

memory auto-establish disable

View

System view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the memory auto-establish disable command to disable the automatic restoration of routing protocol connection (even if the free memory recovers to a safety value).

By default, when the free memory of the switch recovers to a safety value, connections of all the routing protocols will always recover (when the free memory of the switch decreases to a lower limit, the connection will be disconnected forcibly).

After this command is used, connections of all the routing protocols will not recover when the free memory of the switch recovers to a safety value. In this case, you need to restart the routing protocol to recover the connections.

Use this command with caution.

Related commands: memory auto-establish enable, memory, display memory limit.

Examples

# Disable automatic restoration of the routing protocol connections when the free memory of the current switch recovers.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] memory auto-establish disable

memory auto-establish enable

Syntax

memory auto-establish enable

View

System view

Parameters

None

Description

Use the memory auto-establish enable command to enable automatic connections of routing protocols when the free memory of the switch recovers to the specified value.

Use the memory auto-establish disable command to disable this function.

By default, when the free memory of the switch recovers to a safety value, connections of all the routing protocols will always recover (when the free memory of the switch decreases to a lower limit, the connection will be disconnected forcibly).

By default, this function is enabled.

Related commands: memory auto-establish disable, memory, display memory limit.

Examples

# Enable automatic connections of all routing protocols when the free memory of the current switch recovers.

<Sysname> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[Sysname] memory auto-establish enable

 

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