Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Information Center 1-1

1.1 Information Center Overview. 1-1

1.2 Information Center Configuration. 1-4

1.2.1 Enabling Synchronous Terminal Output 1-5

1.2.2 Enabling Information Output to a Log Host 1-6

1.2.3 Enabling Information Output to the Console. 1-7

1.2.4 Enabling Information Output to a Monitor Terminal 1-8

1.2.5 Enabling Information Output to the Log Buffer 1-10

1.2.6 Enabling Information Output to the Trap Buffer 1-11

1.2.7 Enabling Information Output to the SNMP. 1-12

1.3 Displaying and Debugging Information Center 1-13

1.4 Information Center Configuration Examples. 1-13

1.4.1 Log Output to a UNIX Log Host 1-13

1.4.2 Log Output to a Linux Log Host 1-15

1.4.3 Log Output to the Console. 1-17

 

Chapter 1  Information Center

1.1  Information Center Overview

An information center is an indispensable part of Ethernet switches and exists as an information hub of system software modules. The information center manages most information outputs; it sorts information carefully, and hence can screen information in an efficient way. Combined with the debugging program (debugging commands), it provides powerful support for network administrators and developers in network operation monitoring and fault diagnosis.

Information items output by S3600 series switches are presented in the following format:

<priority>timestamp sysname module/level/digest:content

Here, angle brackets “<>”, spaces, slashes “/” and colon are the fixed format of information.

Below is an example of log output to a log host:

<188>Apr  9 17:28:50:524 2004 H3C IFNET/5/UPDOWN:Line protocol on the interface M-Ethernet0/0/0 is UP    (SIP=10.5.1.5 ,SP=1080)

The following describes the fields in front of the content field of an information item:

1)         Priority

The calculation formula for priority is priority = facility × 8 + severity – 1. For Comware, the default facility value is 23 and severity ranges from 1 to 8. See Table 1-2 for description of severity levels.

Note that no character is permitted between the priority and time stamp. The priority takes effect only when the information is sent to the log host.

2)         Time stamp

The time stamp sent to the log host is in the format of Mmm dd hh:mm:ss:ms yyyy, where:

“Mmm” represents the month, and the available values are: Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, and Dec.

“dd” is the date, which shall follow a space if less than 10, for example, “ 7”.

“hh:mm:ss:ms” is the local time, where “hh” is in the 24-hour format, ranging from 00 to 23, both “mm” and ”ss” range from 00 to 59, “ms” ranges from 000 to 999.

“yyyy” is the year.

Note that a space separates the time stamp and the host name.

3)         Host name

It refers to the system name of the host, which is “H3C” by default.

You can modify the host name with the sysname command. Refer to System Maintaining and Debugging part of the manual for detailed operations.

Note that a space separates the host name and module name.

4)         Module name

It indicates the modules that generate the information. The module name is in abbreviation form to indicate different modules. Table 1-1 lists some modules.

Table 1-1 Examples of modules generating the information

Module name	Description
8021X	802.1x module
ACL	Access control list module
ADBM	Address base module
AM	Access management module
ARP	Address resolution protocol module
CMD	Command line module
DEV	Device management module
DHCP	Dynamic host configuration protocol module
DNS	Domain name system module
ETH	Ethernet module
FIB	Forwarding module
FTM	Fabric topology management module
FTMCMD	Fabric topology management command module
FTPS	FTP server module
HA	High availability module
HABP	Huawei authentication bypass protocol module
HTTPD	HTTP server module
HWCM	Huawei Configuration Management private MIB module
HWP	HWPing module
IFNET	Interface management module
IGSP	IGMP snooping module
IP	Internet protocol module
LAGG	Link aggregation module
LINE	Terminal line module
MSTP	Multiple spanning tree protocol module
MTRACE	Multicast traceroute query module
NAT	Network address translation module
NDP	Neighbor discovery protocol module
NTDP	Network topology discovery protocol module
NTP	Network time protocol module
OSPF	Open shortest path first module
PKI	Public key infrastructure module
RDS	Radius module
RMON	Remote monitor module
RSA	Revest, Shamir and Adleman encryption module
SHELL	User interface module
SNMP	Simple network management protocol module
SOCKET	Socket module
SSH	Secure shell module
SYSMIB	System MIB module
TAC	HWTACACS module
TELNET	Telnet module
TFTPC	TFTP client module
VLAN	Virtual local area network module
VRRP	VRRP (virtual router redundancy protocol) module
VTY	VTY (virtual type terminal) module
XM	Xmodem module
default	Default settings for all the modules

 

Note that a slash (/) separates the module name and severity level.

5)         Severity

Switch information falls into three categories: log information, debugging information and trap information. The information center classifies the information into eight levels by severity or emergency. The higher the information severity is, the lower the corresponding level is. For example, the “debugging” severity corresponds to level 8, and the “emergencies“ severity corresponds to level 1. If filtered by severity, the information of a severity level greater than the defined threshold will be filtered out for output. Therefore, when the severity threshold is set to “debugging”, all information will be output. See Table 1-2 for description of severities and corresponding levels.

Table 1-2 Severity definitions on the information center

Severity	Value	Description
emergencies	1	The system is unavailable.
alerts	2	Errors that need to be corrected immediately
critical	3	Critical errors
errors	4	Common errors
warnings	5	Warnings
notifications	6	Normal information that needs to be noticed
informational	7	Normal prompt information
debugging	8	Debugging information

 

Note that a slash (/) separates the level and digest.

6)         Digest

It is a phrase within 32 characters, abstracting the information contents.

A colon (:) separates the digest and information contents.

 

 

1.2  Information Center Configuration

The switch supports information output to six directions, and the system defaults to assign one information channel for each output direction, as shown in Table 1-3.

Table 1-3 Information channel names and numbers

Output direction	Channel number	Default channel name
Console	0	console
Monitor terminal	1	monitor
Log host	2	loghost
Trap buffer	3	trapbuffer
Log buffer	4	logbuffer
SNMP	5	snmpagent

 

 

Information center of the Ethernet switch features:

l           Supporting six information output directions, namely, console (console), monitor terminal (monitor), log host (loghost), trap buffer (trapbuffer), log buffer (logbuffer) and SNMP (snmp agent).

l           Filtering information by severities (information is divided into eight severity levels).

l           Filtering information by modules where information is generated.

l           Language options (Chinese or English) for information output to a log host.

1.2.1  Enabling Synchronous Terminal Output

To prevent your input from being interrupted by system information output, you can enable the synchronous terminal output function, which echoes your input after each system output. This makes your work with ease, for you no longer worry about losing uncompleted inputs.

Table 1-4 Enable synchronous terminal output

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable synchronous terminal output	info-center synchronous	Optional By default, synchronous terminal output is disabled.

 

 

1.2.2  Enabling Information Output to a Log Host

Table 1-5 lists the related configurations on the switch.

Table 1-5 Enable information output to a log host

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output for a specified switch in a fabric	info-center switch-on { unit unit-id | master | all } [ debugging | logging | trapping ]*	By default, debugging information output is enabled, and log and trap information output are disabled for the master switch in a fabric. Debugging, log and trap information output are all disabled for other switches in the fabric.
Enable information output to a log host	info-center loghost host-ip-addr [ channel { channel-number | channel-name } | facility local-number | language { chinese | english } ]*	Required By default, the switch does not output information to the log host. After you configure the switch to output information to the log host, the switch uses information channel 2 by default. Be sure to set the correct IP address. A loopback IP address will cause an error message prompting that this address is invalid.
Configure the source interface through which log information is sent to the log host	info-center loghost source interface-type interface-number	Optional
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name | default } channel { channel-number | channel-name } [ { log | trap | debug } { level severity | state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of the time stamp to be sent to the log host	info-center timestamp loghost { date | no-year-date | none }	Optional

 

 

1.2.3  Enabling Information Output to the Console

Table 1-6 lists the related configurations on the switch.

Table 1-6 Enable information output to the console

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the console	info-center console channel { channel-number | channel-name }	Required By default, the switch uses information channel 0 to output log/debugging/trap information to the console.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name | default } channel { channel-number | channel-name } [ { log | trap | debug } { level severity | state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } { boot | date | none }	Optional

 

To view log/debugging/trap output information on the console, you should also enable the corresponding log/debugging/trap information terminal display on the switch.

For example, to view log information of the switch on the console, you should not only enable log information output to the console, but also enable log information terminal display with the terminal logging command.

Perform the following operations in user view.

Table 1-7 Enable debugging/log/trap terminal display

Operation	Command	Description
Enable the debugging/log/trap information terminal display function	terminal monitor	Optional By default, this function is enabled for console users.
Enable debugging information terminal display function	terminal debugging	Optional By default, the debugging information terminal display is disabled.
Enable log information terminal display function	terminal logging	Optional By default, log information terminal display is enabled.
Enable trap information terminal display function	terminal trapping	Optional By default, trap information terminal display is enabled

 

1.2.4  Enabling Information Output to a Monitor Terminal

Table 1-8 lists the related configurations on the switch.

Table 1-8 Enable information output to a monitor terminal

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to Telnet terminal or dumb terminal	info-center monitor channel { channel-number | channel-name }	Required By default, a switch outputs log/debugging/trap information to user terminal through information channel 1.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name | default } channel { channel-number | channel-name } [ { log | trap | debug } { level severity | state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } { boot | date | none }	Optional This is to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines how the time stamp is presented to users.

 

 

To view the log/debugging/trap output information on the monitor terminal, you should enable the corresponding log/debugging/trap display function on the switch.

For example, to view log information of the switch on a monitor terminal, you need to not only enable log information output to the monitor terminal, but also enable log information terminal display function with the terminal logging command.

Perform the following configuration in user view.

Table 1-9 Enable debugging/log/trap terminal display

Operation	Command	Description
Enable the debugging/log/trap information terminal display function	terminal monitor	Optional By default, this function is enabled for console users.
Enable debugging information terminal display function	terminal debugging	Optional By default, debugging information terminal display is disabled.
Enable log information terminal display function	terminal logging	Optional By default, log information terminal display is enabled.
Enable trap information terminal display function	terminal trapping	Optional By default, trap information terminal display is enabled.

 

1.2.5  Enabling Information Output to the Log Buffer

Table 1-10 lists the related configurations on the switch.

Table 1-10 Enable information output to the log buffer

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the log buffer	info-center logbuffer [ channel { channel-number | channel-name } | size buffersize ]*	Optional By default, the switch uses information channel 4 to output log information to the log buffer, which can holds up to 512 items by default.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name | default } channel { channel-number | channel-name } [ { log | trap | debug } { level severity | state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } { boot | date | none }	Optional This is to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines how the time stamp is presented to users.

 

 

1.2.6  Enabling Information Output to the Trap Buffer

Table 1-11 lists the related configurations on the switch.

Table 1-11 Enable information output to the trap buffer

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the trap buffer	info-center trapbuffer [channel { channel-number | channel-name } | size buffersize]*	Optional By default, the switch uses information channel 3 to output trap information to the trap buffer, which can holds up to 256 items by default.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name | default } channel { channel-number | channel-name } [ { log | trap | debug } { level severity | state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } { boot | date | none }	Optional This is to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines how the time stamp is presented to users.

 

 

1.2.7  Enabling Information Output to the SNMP

Table 1-12 lists the related configurations on the switch.

Table 1-12 Enable information output to the SNMP

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable the information center	info-center enable	Optional By default, the information center is enabled.
Enable information output to the SNMP	info-center snmp channel { channel-number | channel-name }	Required By default, the switch outputs trap information to SNMP through channel 5.
Define an information source	info-center source { modu-name | default } channel { channel-number | channel-name } [ { log | trap | debug } { level severity | state state } ]*	Required
Set the format of time stamp	info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } { boot | date | none }	Optional This is to set the time stamp format for log/debugging/trap information output. This determines how the time stamp is presented to users.

 

 

1.3  Displaying and Debugging Information Center

After the above configurations, you can execute the display command in any view to display the running status of the information center, and thus validating your configurations. You can also execute the reset command in user view to clear the information in the log buffer and trap buffer.

Table 1-13 Display and debug information center

Operation	Command	Description
Display information on an information channel	display channel [ channel-number | channel-name ]	The display command can be executed in any view
Display the operation status of information center, the configuration of information channels, the format of time stamp and the information output in case of fabric	display info-center [ unit unit-id ]
Display the status of log buffer and the information recorded in log buffer	display logbuffer [ unit unit-id ] [ level severity | size buffersize ]* [ | { begin | exclude | include } regular-expression ]
Display the summary information recorded in log buffer	display logbuffer summary [ level severity ]
Display the status of trap buffer and the information recorded in trap buffer	display trapbuffer [ unit unit-id ] [ size buffersize ]
Clear information recorded in log buffer	reset logbuffer [ unit unit-id ]	The reset command can be executed in user view
Clear information recorded in trap buffer	reset trapbuffer [ unit unit-id ]

 

1.4  Information Center Configuration Examples

1.4.1  Log Output to a UNIX Log Host

I. Network requirements

The switch sends the following log information in English to the UNIX log host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10: the log information of the two modules ARP and IP, with severity higher than “informational”.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-1 Network diagram for log output to a Unix log host

III. Configuration procedure

1)         Configure the switch:

# Enable the information center.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C] info-center enable

# Disable the function of outputting information to log host channels.

[H3C] undo info-center source default channel loghost

# Configure the host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10 as the log host. Set the output language to English. Permit ARP and IP modules to output information with severity level higher than informational to the log host.

[H3C] info-center loghost 202.38.1.10 facility local4 language english

[H3C] info-center source arp channel loghost log level informational debug state off trap state off

[H3C] info-center source ip channel loghost log level informational debug state off trap state off

2)         Configure the log host:

The operations here are performed on SunOS 4.0. The operations on other manufacturers' UNIX operation systems are similar.

Step 1: Execute the following commands as the super user (root user).

# mkdir /var/log/H3C

# touch /var/log/H3C/information

Step 2: Edit the file “/etc/syslog.conf” as the super user (root user) to add the following selector/action pairs.

# H3C configuration messages

local4.info    /var/log/H3C/information

 

 

Step 3: After the log file “information” is created and the file “/etc/syslog.conf” is modified, execute the following command to send a HUP signal to the system daemon “syslogd”, so that it can read its new configuration file “/etc/syslog.conf”.

# ps -ae | grep syslogd

147

# kill -HUP 147

After all the above operations, the switch can make records in the corresponding log file.

 

 

1.4.2  Log Output to a Linux Log Host

I. Network requirements

The switch sends the following log information in English to the Linux log host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10: All modules' log information, with severity higher than “errors”.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-2 Network diagram for log output to a Linux log host

III. Configuration procedure

1)         Configure the switch:

# Enable the information center.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C] info-center enable

# Configure the host whose IP address is 202.38.1.10 as the log host. Set the output language to English. Permit all modules to output information with severity level higher than error to the log host.

[H3C] info-center loghost 202.38.1.10 facility local7 language english

[H3C] info-center source default channel loghost log level errors debug state off trap state off

2)         Configure the log host:

Step 1: Execute the following commands as a super user (root user).

# mkdir /var/log/H3C

# touch /var/log/H3C/information

Step 2: Edit the file “/etc/syslog.conf” as the super user (root user) to add the following selector/action pairs.

# H3C configuration messages

local7.info    /var/log/H3C/information

 

 

Step 3: After the log file “information” is created and the file “/etc/syslog.conf” is modified, execute the following commands to view the process ID of the system daemon “syslogd”, stop the process, and then restart the daemon "syslogd" in the background with the “-r” option.

# ps -ae | grep syslogd

147

# kill -9 147

# syslogd -r &

 

 

After all the above operations, the switch can record information in the corresponding log file.

 

 

1.4.3  Log Output to the Console

I. Network requirements

The switch sends the following information to the console: the log information of the two modules ARP and IP, with severity higher than “informational”.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-3 Network diagram for log output to the console

III. Configuration procedure

# Enable the information center.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C] info-center enable

# Disable the function of outputting information to the console channels.

[H3C] undo info-center source default channel console

# Enable log information output to the console. Permit ARP and IP modules to output information with severity level higher than informational to the console.

[H3C] info-center console channel console

[H3C] info-center source arp channel console log level informational debug state off trap state off

[H3C] info-center source ip channel console log level informational debug state off trap state off

# Enable terminal display.

<H3C> terminal monitor

<H3C> terminal logging