ip: Distinguishes between a destination host name and the ping command keywords if the name of the destination host is i, ip, ipv, ipv6, l, ls, or lsp. For example, you must use the command in the form of ping ip ip instead of ping ip if the destination host name is ip.

-a source-ip: Specifies the source IP address of an ICMP echo request (ECHO-REQUEST). It must be an IP address that has been configured on the device. If this parameter is not provided, the source IP address of an ICMP echo request is the primary IP address of the outbound interface of the request.

-c count: Specifies the number of times that an ICMP echo request is sent. The count argument is in the range of 1 to 4294967295. The default value is 5.

-f: Discards packets larger than the MTU of a given interface. The ICMP echo request is not allowed to be fragmented.

-h ttl: Specifies the TTL value for an ICMP echo request. The ttl argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 255.

-i interface-type interface-number: Specifies the ICMP echo request sending interface by its type and number. If this parameter is not provided, the ICMP echo request sending interface is determined by searching the routing table or forwarding table according to the destination IP address.

-m interval: Specifies the interval (in milliseconds) to send an ICMP echo request. The interval argument is in the range of 1 to 65535. The default value is 200.

· If a response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the actual response period plus the value of interval.

· If no response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the timeout value plus the value of interval.

-n: Disables domain name resolution for the host argument. When this keyword is not provided, the device translates host into an address if the host argument represents the host name of the destination.

-p pad: Specifies the value of the pad field in an ICMP echo request, in hexadecimal format, 1 to 8 bits, in the range 0 to ffffffff. If the specified value is less than 8 bits, 0s are added in front of the value to extend it to 8 bits. For example, if pad is configured as 0x2f, the packets are padded with 0x0000002f repeatedly to make the total length of the packet meet the requirements of the device. By default, the padded value starts from 0x01 up to 0xff, and another round starts again if necessary, such as 0x010203…feff01, and so on until the length meets the device requirements.

-q: Displays only statistics. If this keyword is not specified, the system displays all information.

-r: Records routing information. If this keyword is not provided, routes are not recorded.

-s packet-size: Specifies length (in bytes) of an ICMP echo request. The packet-size argument is in the range of 20 to 8100. The default value is 56.

-t timeout: Specifies the timeout value (in milliseconds) of an ICMP echo reply (ECHO-REPLY). If the source does not receive an ICMP echo reply within the timeout time, it considers the ICMP echo reply timed out. The timeout argument is in the range of 0 to 65535. The default value is 2000.

-tos tos: Specifies the ToS value of an echo request. The tos argument is in the range of 0 to 255. The default value is 0.

-v: Displays non ICMP echo reply that was received. If this keyword is not provided, the system does not display non ICMP echo reply.

host: IP address or host name (a string of 1 to 255 characters) of the destination.

Usage guidelines

With the ping command executed, the source sends an ICMP echo request to the destination:

· If the destination name is unrecognizable, the system outputs "Error: Ping: Unknown host host-name."

· If the source receives an ICMP echo reply from the destination within the timeout time, the system outputs the related information of the reply.

· If the source does not receive an ICMP echo reply from the destination within the timeout time, the system outputs "Request time out."

To use the name of the destination host to perform the ping operation, you must configure the Domain Name System (DNS) on the device first. Otherwise, the ping operation fails. For more information about DNS, see Layer 3 Configuration Guide.

To cancel the ping operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C.

Examples

# Test whether the device with an IP address of 1.1.2.2 is reachable.

<Sysname> ping 1.1.2.2

PING 1.1.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=205 ms

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=1 ms

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=1 ms

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=1 ms

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=1 ms

--- 1.1.2.2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/41/205 ms

The output shows the following:

· The destination is reachable.

· All ICMP echo requests sent by the source have received responses.

· The minimum time, average time, and maximum time for the packet’s roundtrip time are 1 ms, 41 ms, and 205 ms, respectively.

# Test whether the device with an IP address of 1.1.2.2 is reachable. Only the check results are displayed.

<Sysname> ping -q 1.1.2.2

PING 1.1.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

--- 1.1.2.2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

4 packet(s) received

20.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/12/29 ms

# Test whether the device with an IP address of 1.1.2.2 is reachable. The route information is displayed.

<Sysname> ping -r 1.1.2.2

PING 1.1.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=53 ms

Record Route:

1.1.2.1

1.1.2.2

1.1.1.2

1.1.1.1

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=1 ms

Record Route:

1.1.2.1

1.1.2.2

1.1.1.2

1.1.1.1

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=1 ms

Record Route:

1.1.2.1

1.1.2.2

1.1.1.2

1.1.1.1

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=1 ms

Record Route:

1.1.2.1

1.1.2.2

1.1.1.2

1.1.1.1

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=1 ms

Record Route:

1.1.2.1

1.1.2.2

1.1.1.2

1.1.1.1

--- 1.1.2.2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/11/53 ms

The output shows the following:

· The destination is reachable.

· The route is 1.1.1.1 <-> {1.1.1.2; 1.1.2.1} <-> 1.1.2.2.

Table 1 Command output

Field	Description
PING 1.1.2.2	Test whether the device with IP address 1.1.2.2 is reachable.
56 data bytes	Number of data bytes in each ICMP echo request.
press CTRL_C to break	During the execution of the command, you can press Ctrl+C to cancel the ping operation.
Reply from 1.1.2.2 : bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=1 ms	Received the ICMP reply from the device whose IP address is 1.1.2.2. If no reply is received during the timeout period, "Request time out" is displayed. · bytes—Number of data bytes in the ICMP reply. · Sequence—Packet sequence, used to determine whether a segment is lost, disordered or repeated. · ttl—TTL value in the ICMP reply. · time—Response time.
Record Route	Routers through which the ICMP echo request passed. They are displayed in inverse order. The router with a smaller distance to the destination is displayed first.
--- 1.1.2.2 ping statistics ---	Statistics on data received and sent in the ping operation.
5 packet(s) transmitted	Number of ICMP echo requests sent.
5 packet(s) received	Number of ICMP echo requests received.
0.00% packet loss	Percentage of packets not responded to the total packets sent.
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/4/20 ms	Minimum/average/maximum response time, in ms. The field is not available for failed ping attempts in an IPv4 network. However, in an IPv6 network, the field is available and set to 0/0/0 ms.

ping ipv6

Use ping ipv6 to verify whether an IPv6 address is reachable, and display the corresponding statistics.

Syntax

ping ipv6 [ -a source-ipv6 | -c count | -m interval | -s packet-size | -t timeout ] * host [ -i interface-type interface-number ]

Views

Any view

Default command level

0: Visit level

Parameters

-a source-ipv6: Specifies the source IPv6 address of an ICMP echo request. It must be a valid IPv6 address configured on the device. If this parameter is not provided, the source IPv6 address of an ICMP echo request is the IPv6 address of the outbound interface of the request. (The address selection rule is defined by RFC 3484.)

-c count: Specifies the number of times that an ICMPv6 echo request is sent. The count argument is in the range of 1 to 4294967295. The default value is 5.

-m interval: Specifies the interval, in milliseconds, to send an ICMPv6 echo reply. The interval argument is in the range of 1 to 65535. The default value is 200.

· If a response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the actual response period plus the value of interval.

· If no response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the timeout value plus the value of interval.

-s packet-size: Specifies length (in bytes) of an ICMPv6 echo request. The packet-size argument is in the range of 20 to 8100. The default value is 56.

-t timeout: Specifies the timeout value (in milliseconds) of an ICMPv6 echo reply. The timeout argument is in the range of 0 to 65535 milliseconds. The default value is 2000.

host: IPv6 address or host name of the destination, which is a string of 1 to 46 characters.

-i interface-type interface-number: Specifies an outbound interface by its type and number. This parameter can be used only when the destination address is the link local address and the specified outbound interface has a link local address (see Layer 3 Configuration Guide). If this parameter is not provided, the device searches the routing table or forwarding table according to the destination IP address to determine the ICMP echo request sending interface.

Usage guidelines

To use the name of the destination host to perform the ping IPv6 operation, configure DNS on the device first. Otherwise, the ping IPv6 operation fails. For more information about DNS, see Layer 3 Configuration Guide.

To cancel the ping IPv6 operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C.

Examples

# Verify whether the IPv6 address 2001::1 is reachable.

<Sysname> ping ipv6 2001::1

PING 2001::2 : 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 2001::1

bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=64 time = 62 ms

Reply from 2001::1

bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=64 time = 26 ms

Reply from 2001::1

bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=64 time = 20 ms

Reply from 2001::1

bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=64 time = 4 ms

Reply from 2001::1

bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=64 time = 16 ms

--- 2001::2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 4/25/62 ms

The hop limit field in this prompt information and the ttl field in the prompt information displayed by the IPv4 ping command both indicate the TTL value in the ICMPv6 echo request. For the description on other fields, see Table 1.

tracert

Use tracert to trace the path the packets traverse from source to destination.

Syntax

Views

Any view

Default command level

0: Visit level

Parameters

-a source-ip: Specifies the source IP address of a tracert packet. It must be a legal IP address configured on the device. If this parameter is not provided, the source IP address of an ICMP echo request is the primary IP address of the outbound interface of the tracert packet.

-f first-ttl: Specifies the first TTL (the allowed number of hops for the first packet). The first-ttl argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 1. It must be smaller than the value of the max-ttl argument.

-m max-ttl: Specifies the maximum TTL, or, the maximum allowed number of hops for a packet. The max-ttl argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 30. It must be greater than the value of the first-ttl argument.

-p port: Specifies the UDP port number of the destination. The port argument is in the range of 1 to 65535. The default value is 33434. It is unnecessary to modify this option.

-q packet-number: Specifies the number of probe packets sent each time. The packet-number argument is in the range of 1 to 65535. The default value is 3.

-w timeout: Specifies the timeout time of the reply packet of a probe packet. The timeout argument is in the range of 1 to 65535 milliseconds. The default value is 5000 milliseconds.

host: IP address or host name (a string of 1 to 255 characters) of the destination.

Usage guidelines

After identifying a network failure with the ping command, use the tracert command to determine the failed nodes.

Output from the tracert command includes IP addresses of all the Layer 3 devices the packets traverse from source to destination. Asterisks (* * *) are displayed if the device cannot reply with an ICMP error message, which could be because the destination is unreachable or the option to send ICMP timeout/destination unreachable packets is disabled.

To cancel the tracert operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C.

Examples

# Display the path the packets traverse from source to destination with an IP address of 1.1.2.2.

<Sysname> tracert 1.1.2.2

traceroute to 1.1.2.2(1.1.2.2) 30 hops max,40 bytes packet, press CTRL_C to break

1 1.1.1.2 673 ms 425 ms 30 ms

2 1.1.2.2 580 ms 470 ms 80 ms

Table 2 Command output

Field	Description
traceroute to 1.1.2.2(1.1.2.2)	Display the route that the IP packets traverse from the current device to the device whose IP address is 1.1.2.2.
hops max	Maximum number of hops of the probe packets, which can be set using the -m keyword.
bytes packet	Number of bytes of a probe packet.
press CTRL_C to break	During the execution of the command, you can press Ctrl+C to cancel the tracert operation.
1 1.1.1.2 673 ms 425 ms 30 ms	Probe result of the probe packets whose TTL is 1, including the IP address of the first hop and the roundtrip time of three probe packets. Number of packets that can be sent in each probe can be set through the -q keyword.

tracert ipv6

Use tracert ipv6 to view the path the IPv6 packets traverse from source to destination.

Syntax

tracert ipv6 [ -f first-ttl | -m max-ttl | -p port | -q packet-number | -w timeout ] * host

Views

Any view

Default command level

0: Visit level

Parameters

-f first-ttl: Specifies the first TTL, or, the allowed number of hops for the first packet. The first-ttl argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 1. It must be less than the value of the max-ttl argument.

-p port: Specifies the UDP port number of the destination. The port argument is in the range of 1 to 65535. The default value is 33434.

-q packet-number: Specifies the number of probe packets sent each time. The packet-number argument is in the range of 1 to 65535. The default value is 3.

-w timeout: Specifies the timeout time of the reply packet of a probe packet. The timeout argument is in the range of 1 to 65535. The default value is 5000 milliseconds.

host: IPv6 address or host name of the destination, which is a string of 1 to 46 characters.

Usage guidelines

In the event of network failure, you can use the tracert command to determine the failed nodes.

Output from the tracert ipv6 command includes IPv6 addresses of all the Layer 3 devices the packets traverse from source to destination. Asterisks (* * *) are displayed if the device cannot reply with an ICMP error message, which could be because the destination is unreachable or the option to send ICMP timeout/destination unreachable packets is disabled.

To cancel the tracert operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C.

Examples

# View the path the packets traverse from source to destination with IPv6 address 2001::1.

<Sysname> tracert ipv6 2001::1

traceroute to 2001::1 30 hops max,60 bytes packet, press CTRL_C to break

1 2001::1 3 ms <1 ms 19 ms

For description on the fields in the above output, see Table 2.

System debugging commands

debugging

Use debugging to enable the debugging of a specific module.

Use undo debugging to disable the debugging of a specific module.

Syntax

debugging { all [ timeout time ] | module-name [ option ] }

undo debugging { all | module-name [ option ] }

Default

Debugging functions for all modules are disabled.

Views

User view

Default command level

3: System level

Parameters

all: All debugging functions.

timeout time: Specifies the timeout time for the debugging all command. When all debugging is enabled, the system automatically executes the undo debugging all command after the time. The time argument is in the range of 1 to 1440 minutes.

module-name: Module name, such as arp or device. To display the current module name, use the debugging ? command.

option: The debugging option for a specific module. Modules have different amounts and types of debugging options. To display the supported options, use the debugging module-name ? command.

Usage guidelines

Because debugging output can degrade system efficiency, you should enable the debugging for the corresponding module. Also, do not enable debugging for multiple modules at the same time.

Default command level describes the default level of the debugging all command. Each debugging command may have different default levels.

Configure the debugging, terminal debugging and terminal monitor commands to display detailed debugging information on the terminal. For more information about the terminal debugging and terminal monitor commands, see "Information center configuration commands."

Examples

# Enable IP packet debugging.

<Sysname> debugging ip packet

Related commands

display debugging

Use display debugging to display enabled debugging functions.

Syntax

display debugging [ interface interface-type interface-number ] [ module-name ] [ | { begin | exclude | include } regular-expression ]

Views

Any view

Default command level

1: Monitor level

Parameters

interface interface-type interface-number: Displays the debugging settings of the specified interface, where interface-type interface-number represents the interface type and number.

module-name: Module name.

|: Filters command output by specifying a regular expression. For more information about regular expressions, see Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

begin: Displays the first line that matches the specified regular expression and all lines that follow.

exclude: Displays all lines that do not match the specified regular expression.

include: Displays all lines that match the specified regular expression.

regular-expression: Specifies a regular expression, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 256 characters.

Examples

# Display all enabled debugging functions.

<Sysname> display debugging

IP packet debugging is on

Related commands

debugging

09-Network Management Configuration Guide

Ping, tracert, and system debugging commands

Ping and tracert commands

ping

ping ipv6

tracert

tracert ipv6

System debugging commands

debugging

display debugging

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