Table of Contents

Chapter 1 System Maintaining and Debugging Commands. 1-1

1.1 System Maintaining Commands. 1-1

1.1.1 ping. 1-1

1.1.2 ping ipv6. 1-3

1.1.3 tracert 1-4

1.1.4 tracert ipv6. 1-6

1.2 System Debugging Commands. 1-7

1.2.1 debugging. 1-7

1.2.2 display debugging. 1-8

1.2.3 display lpu fiber-module. 1-9

 

Chapter 1  System Maintaining and Debugging Commands

1.1  System Maintaining Commands

1.1.1  ping

Syntax

ping [ ip ] [ -a source-ip | -c count | -f | -h ttl | -i interface-type interface-number | -m interval | -n | -p pad | -q | -r | -s packet-size | -t timeout | -tos tos | -v | -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] * remote-system

View

Any view

Default Level

0: Visit level

Parameters

ip: Supports IPv4 protocol.

-a source-ip: Specifies the source IP address of an ICMP echo request. It must be a legal IP address configured on the device.

-c count: Specifies the number of times that an ICMP echo request is sent, in the range 1 to 4294967295. The default value is 5.

-f: Discards packets larger than the MTU of a given interface, that is, the ICMP echo request is not allowed to be fragmented.

-h ttl: Specifies the TTL value for an ICMP echo request, in the range 1 to 255. The default value is 255.

-i interface-type interface-number: Specifies the ICMP echo request sending interface by its type and number.

-m interval: Specifies the interval (in milliseconds) to send an ICMP echo response, in the range 1 to 65535. The default value is 200 ms.

l           If a response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the actual response period plus the value of interval.

l           If no response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the timeout value plus the value of interval.

-n: Specifies that the Domain Name System (DNS) is disabled. DNS is enabled by default, that is, the hostname is translated into an address.

-p pad: Specifies the padded bytes in an ICMP echo request, in hexadecimal format. For example, if pad is configured as ff, then the packets will be padded with ff. By default, the padded bytes start from 0x01 up to 0xff, where another round starts again if necessary.

-q: Presence of this parameter indicates that only statistics are displayed. By default, all information is displayed.

-r: Records routes. By default, routes are not recorded.

-s packet-size: Specifies length (in bytes) of an ICMP echo request, in the range 20 to 8100. The default value is 56.

-t timeout: Specifies the timeout value (in milliseconds) of an ICMP echo request, in the range 0 to 65535. It defaults to 2000.

-tos tos: Specifies type of service (ToS) of an echo request, in the range 0 to 255. The default value is 0.

-v: Displays non ICMP echo reply received. By default, the system does not display non ICMP echo reply.

-vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies the name of an MPLS VPN instance, which is a string of 1 to 31 characters.

remote-system: IP address or host name (a string of 1 to 20 characters) of the destination device.

Description

Use the ping command to verify whether the destination device in an IP network is reachable, and to display the related statistics.

Note that:

l           You must use the command in the form of ping ip ip instead of ping ip if the destination name is a key word, such as ip.

l           Only the directly connected segment address can be pinged if the outgoing interface is specified with the -i argument.

Examples

# Check whether the device with an IP address of 10.1.1.5 is reachable.

<Sysname> ping 10.1.1.5

PING 10.1.1.5 : 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.1.1.5 : bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time = 1 ms

Reply from 10.1.1.5 : bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time = 2 ms

Reply from 10.1.1.5 : bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time = 1 ms

Reply from 10.1.1.5 : bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time = 3 ms

Reply from 10.1.1.5 : bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time = 2 ms

 

--- 10.1.1.5 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/3 ms

1.1.2  ping ipv6

Syntax

ping ipv6 [ -a source-ipv6 | -c count | -m interval | -s packet-size | -t timeout ] * remote-system [ -i interface-type interface-number ]

View

Any view

Default Level

0: Visit level

Parameters

-a source-ipv6: Specifies the source IPv6 address of an ICMP echo request. It must be a legal IPv6 address configured on the device.

-c count: Specifies the number of times that an ICMPv6 echo request is sent, in the range 1 to 4294967295. The default value is 5.

-m interval: Specifies the interval (in milliseconds) to send an ICMPv6 echo request, in the range 1 to 65535. The default value is 200 ms.

l           If a response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the actual response period plus the value of interval.

l           If no response from the destination is received within the timeout time, the interval to send the next echo request equals the timeout value plus the value of interval.

-s packet-size: Specifies length (in bytes) of an ICMPv6 echo request, in the range 20 to 8100. It defaults to 56.

-t timeout: Specifies the timeout value (in milliseconds) of an ICMPv6 echo request, in the range 0 to 65535. It defaults to 2000.

remote-system: IPv6 address or host name (a string of 1 to 46 characters) of the destination device.

-i interface-type interface-number: Specifies an outgoing interface by its type and number. This parameter can be used only in case that the destination address is the link local address and the specified outgoing interface must have a link local address (For the configuration of link local address, see IPv6 Basics in the IP Services Volume).

Description

Use the ping ipv6 command to verify whether an IPv6 address is reachable, and display the corresponding statistics.

You must use the command in the form of ping ipv6 ipv6 instead of ping ipv6 if the destination name is an ipv6 name.

Examples

# Verify whether the IPv6 address 2001::1 is reachable.

<Sysname> ping ipv6 2001::1

  PING 2001::1 : 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

  Reply from 2001::1  bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=64  time = 20 ms

  Reply from 2001::1  bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=64  time = 0 ms

  Reply from 2001::1  bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=64  time = 0 ms

  Reply from 2001::1  bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=64  time = 0 ms

  Reply from 2001::1  bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=64  time = 0 ms

 

  --- 2001::1 ping statistics ---

    5 packet(s) transmitted

    5 packet(s) received

    0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 0/4/20 ms

The “hop limit” field in this prompt information has the same meaning as the “ttl” field in the prompt information displayed by the IPv4 ping command, indicating the TTL value in the ICMPv6 echo request.

1.1.3  tracert

Syntax

tracert [ -a source-ip | -f first-ttl | -m max-ttl | -p port | -q packet-number | -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name | -w timeout ] * remote-system

View

Any view

Default Level

0: Visit level

Parameters

-a source-ip: Specifies the source IP address of a tracert packet. It must be a legal IP address configured on the device.

-f first-ttl: Specifies the first TTL, that is, the allowed number of hops for the first packet, in the range 1 to 255. It defaults to 1 and must be less than the maximum TTL.

-m max-ttl: Specifies the maximum TTL, that is, the maximum allowed number of hops for a packet, in the range 1 to 255. It defaults to 30, and must be greater than the first TTL.

-p port: Specifies the UDP port number of the destination device, in the range 1 to 65535. The default value is 33434. You do not need to modify this parameter.

-q packet-number: Specifies the number of probe packets sent each time, in the range 1 to 65535. The default value is 3.

-vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies the name of an MPLS VPN instance, which is a string of 1 to 31 characters.

-w timeout: Specifies the packet timeout time, in the range 1 to 65535, in milliseconds. The default value is 5000 ms.

remote-system: IP address or host name (a string of 1 to 20 characters) of the destination device.

Description

Use the tracert command to trace the routers the packets traverse from the source to the destination device.

After having identified network failure with the ping command, you can use the tracert command to determine the failed node(s).

Output information of the tracert command includes IP addresses of all the switches the packets traverse from the source to the destination device. If a switch times out, * * * will be displayed.

Examples

# Display the routers the packets traverse from the current device, with an IP address of 8.26.0.115, to the destination device.

<Sysname> tracert 18.26.0.115

traceroute to 18.26.0.115(18.26.0.115) 30 hops max,40 bytes packet, press CTRL_C to break

1  128.3.112.1  10 ms 10 ms 10 ms

2  128.32.210.1  19 ms 19 ms 19 ms

3  128.32.216.1  39 ms 19 ms 19 ms

4  128.32.136.23  19 ms 39 ms 39 ms

5  128.32.168.22  20 ms 39 ms 39 ms

6  128.32.197.4  59 ms 119 ms 39 ms

7  131.119.2.5  59 ms 59 ms 39 ms

8  129.140.70.13  80 ms 79 ms 99 ms

9  129.140.71.6  139 ms 139 ms 159 ms

10  129.140.81.7  199 ms 180 ms 300 ms

11  129.140.72.17  300 ms 239 ms 239 ms

12  * * *

13  128.121.54.72  259 ms 499 ms 279 ms

14  * * *

15  * * *

16  * * *

17  * * *

18  18.26.0.115  339 ms 279 ms 279 ms

1.1.4  tracert ipv6

Syntax

tracert ipv6 [ -f first-ttl | -m max-ttl | -p port | -q packet-number | -w timeout ] * remote-system

View

Any view

Default Level

0: Visit level

Parameters

-f first-ttl: Specifies the first TTL, that is, the allowed number of hops for the first packet, in the range 1 to 255. It defaults to 1 and must be less than the maximum TTL.

-m max-ttl: Specifies the maximum TTL, that is, the maximum allowed number of hops for a packet, in the range 1 to 255. It defaults to 30 and must be greater than the first TTL.

-p port: Specifies the UDP port number of the destination device, in the range 1 to 65535. The default value is 33434. It is unnecessary to modify this parameter.

-q packet-number: Specifies the number of probe packets sent each time, in the range 1 to 65535, defaulting to 3.

-w timeout: Specifies the timeout time of the probe packets, in the range 1 to 65535, in milliseconds. The default value is 5000 ms.

remote-system: IPv6 address or host name (a string of 1 to 46 characters) of the destination device.

Description

Use the tracert ipv6 command to view the routers the IPv6 packets traverse from the source to the destination device.

Examples

# View the routes involved for packets to travel from the source to the destination with IPv6 address 3002::1.

<Sysname> tracert ipv6 3002::1

 traceroute to 3002::1  30 hops max,60 bytes packet,press CTRL_C to break

 1 3003::1 30 ms 10 ms 10 ms

 2 3002::1 10 ms 11 ms 9 ms

1.2  System Debugging Commands

1.2.1  debugging

Syntax

debugging { all [ timeout time ] | module-name [ option ] }

undo debugging { all | module-name [ option ] }

View

User view

Default Level

1: Monitor level

Parameters

all: All debugging functions.

timeout time: Specifies the timeout time for the debugging all command. When all debugging is enabled, the system automatically executes the undo debugging all command after the time. The value ranges from 1 to 1440, in minutes.

module-name: Module name. You can use the debugging ? command to display the current module name.

option: Specifies the debugging option for a specific module. Different modules have different debugging options in terms of their number and content. You can use the debugging module-name ? command to display the currently supported options.

Description

Use the debugging command to enable the debugging of a specific module.

Use the undo debugging command to disable the debugging of a specific module.

By default, debugging functions of all modules are disabled.

Note the following:

l           This command is intended for network administrators to diagnose network failure.

l           Output of the debugging information may degrade system efficiency, especially during the execution of the debugging all command. Therefore, use the command with caution.

l           After finishing debugging, you can use the undo debugging all command to disable all the debugging functions.

l           You must configure the debugging, terminal debugging and terminal monitor commands first to display detailed debugging information on the terminal. For the detailed description on the terminal debugging and terminal monitor commands, refer to Information Center Commands in the System Volume.

Related commands: display debugging.

Examples

# Enable IP packet debugging.

<Sysname> debugging ip packet

1.2.2  display debugging

Syntax

display debugging [ interface interface-type interface-number ] [ module-name ]

View

Any view

Default Level

1: Monitor level

Parameters

interface-type interface-number: Specifies an interface by its type and number.

module-name: Module name.

Description

Use the display debugging command to display enabled debugging functions.

Related commands: debugging.

Examples

# Display all enabled debugging functions.

<Sysname> display debugging

IP packet debugging is on

1.2.3  display lpu fiber-module

Syntax

display lpu fiber-module [ interface-type interface-number ]

View

Any view

Default Level

1: Monitor level

Parameters

interface-type: Interface type.

interface-number: Interface number.

Description

Use the display lpu fiber-module command to display information about all the optical modules connected to the optical interfaces of the current switch.

Use the display fiber-module [ interface-type interface-number ] command to display information about the optical module on the specified interface.

 

 

Examples

# Display information about all the optical modules connected to the optical interfaces of the current switch.

<H3C> display fiber-module

GigabitEthernet4/2/2:

Card info: 1000BASE-SFP

Fiber connect: LC

VendorName: DELTA

PartNumber: LCP-1250B4QS

SerialNumber: 0000051504100049

Mode: SingleMode

WaveLength: 1310nm

Length for 9um: 10km

Table 1-1 display lpu fiber-module command output description

Field	Description
GigabitEthernet4/2/2	The optical interface where the optical module resides
Card info	Optical interface information
Fiber connect	Fiber connector type
VendorName	Name of the vendor
PartNumber	Part number of the optical module
SerialNumber	Serial number of the optical module
Mode	Single or multiple mode of the fiber connected
Length for X um: Y km/m	The transmission distance is Y km/m over the X um fiber.