目  录

1 特性简介... 1

2 适用版本... 2

3 注意事项... 2

4 配置举例... 3

4.1 组网需求... 3

4.2 组网图... 4

4.3 配置过程... 4

4.4 完整配置... 8

VRRP配置举例

1   特性简介

VRRP（Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol，虚拟路由冗余协议）是一种容错协议。如下图所示，通常一个网络内的所有主机都设置一条缺省路由（图中的缺省路由下一跳地址为10.100.10.1），主机发往外部网络的报文将通过缺省路由发往三层交换机Switch，从而实现了主机与外部网络的通信。当交换机Switch发生故障时，本网段内所有以Switch为缺省路由下一跳的主机将断掉与外部的通信。

图1-1 局域网组网方案

VRRP就是为解决上述问题而提出的，它为具有多播或广播能力的局域网（如以太网）设计。VRRP将局域网的一组交换机（包括一个Master即主交换机和若干个Backup即备份交换机）组织成一个虚拟路由器，这组交换机被称为一个备份组。

图1-2 虚拟路由器示意图

虚拟的交换机拥有自己的IP地址10.100.10.1（这个IP地址可以和备份组内的某个交换机的接口地址相同），备份组内的交换机也有自己的IP地址（如Master的IP地址为10.100.10.2，Backup的IP地址为10.100.10.3）。局域网内的主机仅仅知道这个虚拟路由器的IP地址10.100.10.1（通常被称为备份组的虚拟IP地址），而不知道具体的Master交换机的IP地址10.100.10.2以及Backup交换机的IP地址10.100.10.3。局域网内的主机将自己的缺省路由下一跳设置为该虚拟路由器的IP地址10.100.10.1。于是，网络内的主机就通过这个虚拟的交换机与其它网络进行通信。当备份组内的Master交换机不能正常工作时，备份组内的其它Backup交换机将接替不能正常工作的Master交换机成为新的Master交换机，继续向网络内的主机提供路由服务，从而实现网络内的主机不间断地与外部网络进行通信。

2   适用版本

软件版本：S9500-CMW310-R1628版本及以后升级版本（R2126及以上版本不支持）

硬件版本：S9500交换机全系列硬件版本

3   注意事项

l              同一VRRP备份组多个备份的路由器之间，VRRP组握手时间必须一致，否则VRRP组状态会异常；

l              同一VRRP备份组之间VRRP的工作方式必须相同，都为抢占模式，或者都为非抢占模式；

l              必须在配置VRRP组之前启用vrrp ping-enable功能，否则无法ping通VRRP虚地址；

l              VRRP监控端口只能监控VLAN接口地址，无法监控某个具体的端口；

l              VRRP组的hello时间一般不建议修改；如果VRRP组数较多，可以考虑把各组的hello时间分别设置成2、3、5、7等互质数，减少VRRP hello报文对CPU的冲击。

4   配置举例

4.1  组网需求

如图4-3所示，S9500-A、S9500-B与多个二层交换机连接。如S9500-A VLAN 2的接口IP 地址为2.1.1.1，S9500-B的VLAN 2的接口IP 地址为2.1.1.2，并且设置虚拟路由器地址为2.1.1.3，而主机Host-A通过设置自己的默认网关地址为2.1.1.3就可以访问Internet。

该组网是VRRP的一个典型组网，两台三层换机S9500-A和S9500-B组成多组VRRP备份组，如虚拟地址为2.1.1.3下挂二层设备，通过虚拟网关2.1.1.3就可以访问Internet。当S9500-A和S9500-B中有一台由于某种原因不能正常工作时，另一台可以马上切换过来，从而保证不会断流。

4.2  组网图

图4-3 VRRP典型组网图

4.3  配置过程

S9500-A和S9500-B形成两个虚拟备份组，其中VLAN2以S9500-A为Master，S9500-B为Backup，VLAN3以S9500-B为Master，S9500-A为Backup；配置S9500-A监视VLAN8的虚接口，当VLAN8虚接口不可用时降低VLAN2 VRRP组的优先级，使其成为Backup；配置S9500-B监视VLAN9的虚接口，当VLAN9虚接口不可用时降低VLAN3 VRRP组的优先级，使其成为Backup。

(1)        配置S9500-A

# 配置MSTP实例

[S9500-A]stp enable

[S9500-A]stp non-flooding

[S9500-A]stp region-configuration

[S9500-A-mst-region]region-name vrrp

[S9500-A-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2

[S9500-A-mst-region]instance 3 vlan 3

[S9500-A-mst-region]active region-configuration 

[S9500-A-mst-region]quit

[S9500-A]stp instance 2 root primary

[S9500-A]stp instance 3 root secondary

[S9500-A]interface GigabitEthernet 3/1/1

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet3/1/1]stp disable  

# 创建VLAN 并配置接口地址

<S9500-A> system-view

[S9500-A] vlan 2

[S9500-A-vlan2] interface Vlan-interface 2

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] ip address 2.1.1.1 8

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] quit

[S9500-A]vlan 3

[S9500-A-vlan3]interface vlan 3

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface3] ip address 3.1.1.1 8

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface3] quit

[S9500-A] vlan 8

[S9500-A-vlan8] interface vlan 8

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface8] ip address 8.1.1.1 8

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface8] quit

# 配置端口加入VLAN

[S9500-A] interface GigabitEthernet 3/1/1

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet3/1/1] port access vlan 8 

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet3/1/1] quit

[S9500-A] interface GigabitEthernet 2/1/1

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/1] port link-type trunk

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/1] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/1] port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/1] quit

[S9500-A] interface GigabitEthernet 2/1/2

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/2] port link-type trunk

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/2] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/2] port trunk permit vlan 2

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/2] quit

[S9500-A] interface GigabitEthernet 2/1/3

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/3] port link-type trunk

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/3] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/3] port trunk permit vlan 3

[S9500-A-GigabitEthernet2/1/3] quit

# 配置VRRP备份组

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] interface vlan 3

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] quit

[S9500-A] interface vlan 3

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 3.1.1.3

# 配置VRRP备份组的优先级和握手时间（可选）

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 priority 130

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 timer advertise 2

# 配置监视接口，监视VLAN 8的虚接口

[S9500-A-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 track Vlan-interface 8 reduced 40

(2)        配置S9500-B

# 配置MSTP实例

[S9500-B]stp enable

[S9500-B]stp non-flooding

[S9500-B]stp region-configuration

[S9500-B-mst-region]region-name vrrp

[S9500-B-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2

[S9500-B-mst-region]instance 3 vlan 3

[S9500-B-mst-region]active region-configuration 

[S9500-B-mst-region]quit

[S9500-B]stp instance 3 root primary

[S9500-B]stp instance 2 root secondary

[S9500-B]interface GigabitEthernet 3/1/1

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet3/1/1]stp disable

# 创建VLAN 并配置接口地址

<S9500-B> system-view

[S9500-B] vlan 2

[S9500-B-vlan2] interface Vlan-interface 2

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface2] ip address 2.1.1.2 8

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface2] quit

[S9500-B]vlan 3

[S9500-B-vlan3]interface vlan 3

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface3]ip address 3.1.1.2 8

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface3] quit

[S9500-B]vlan 9

[S9500-B-vlan9]interface vlan 9

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface9]ip address 9.1.1.1 8

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface9] quit

# 配置端口加入 VLAN

[S9500-B]interface GigabitEthernet 3/1/1

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet3/1/1]port access vlan 9 

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet3/1/1]quit

[S9500-B]interface GigabitEthernet 2/1/1

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/1]port link-type trunk

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/1]undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/1]port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/1]quit

[S9500-B]interface GigabitEthernet 2/1/2

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/2]port link-type trunk

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/2]undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/2]port trunk permit vlan 3

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/2]quit

[S9500-B]interface GigabitEthernet 2/1/3

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/3]port link-type trunk

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/3]undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/3]port trunk permit vlan 2

[S9500-B-GigabitEthernet2/1/3]quit

# 配置VRRP备份组

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface2] interface vlan 3

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3

# 配置VRRP备份组的优先级和握手时间（可选）

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 1 priority 130

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface3] interface vlan 2

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 timer advertise 2

# 配置监视接口，监视VLAN 9的虚接口

[S9500-B-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 1 track Vlan-interface 9 reduced 40

(3)        配置L2SW-A

[L2SW-A]ivlan 2

[L2SW-A]interface Ethernet 0/1

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/1] port link-type trunk

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/1] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/1] port trunk permit vlan 2

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/1]quit

[L2SW-A]interface Ethernet0/2

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/2] port link-type trunk

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/2] undo port trunk permit vlan 1  

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/2] port trunk permit vlan 2

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/2]quit

[L2SW-A]interface Ethernet0/3

[L2SW-A-Ethernet0/3]port access vlan 2

(4)        配置L2SW-B

[L2SW-B]ivlan 3

[L2SW-B]interface Ethernet 0/1

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/1] port link-type trunk

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/1] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/1] port trunk permit vlan 3

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/1]quit

[L2SW-B]interface Ethernet0/2

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/2] port link-type trunk

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/2] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/2] port trunk permit vlan 3

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/2]quit

[L2SW-B]interface Ethernet0/3

[L2SW-B-Ethernet0/3]port access vlan 3

4.4  完整配置

(1)        S9500-A的配置

#

vlan 2

#

 vlan 3

#

interface Vlan-interface2

 ip address 2.1.1.1 255.0.0.0

 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3

 vrrp vrid 1 priority 130

 vrrp vrid 1 timer advertise 2

 vrrp vrid 1 track Vlan-interface9 reduced 40

#

interface Vlan-interface3

 ip address 3.1.1.1 255.0.0.0

 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 3.1.1.3

#

interface GigabitEthernet2/1/1

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

#

interface GigabitEthernet2/1/2

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2

#

interface GigabitEthernet2/1/3

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 3

#       

interface GigabitEthernet3/1/1

 stp disable

 port access vlan 8

#                  

 stp instance 2 root primary

 stp instance 3 root secondary

 stp enable

stp region-configuration

 region-name vrrp

 instance 2 vlan 2

 instance 3 vlan 3

 active region-configuration

#                              

(2)        S9500-B的配置

#

vlan 2

#

 vlan 3

#

interface Vlan-interface2

 ip address 2.1.1.2 255.0.0.0

 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3

vrrp vrid 1 timer advertise 2

#

interface Vlan-interface3

 ip address 3.1.1.2 255.0.0.0

 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 3.1.1.3

vrrp vrid 1 priority 130

vrrp vrid 1 track Vlan-interface9 reduced 40

#

interface GigabitEthernet2/1/1

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

#

interface GigabitEthernet2/1/2

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2

#

interface GigabitEthernet2/1/3

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 3

#

interface GigabitEthernet3/1/1

 stp disable

 port access vlan 9

#                            

 stp instance 3 root primary

 stp instance 2 root secondary

 stp enable

stp region-configuration

 region-name vrrp

 instance 2 vlan 2

 instance 3 vlan 3

 active region-configuration

(3)        L2SW-A的配置

#

vlan 2

#

interface Ethernet0/1

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2

#

interface Ethernet0/2

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2

#

interface Ethernet0/3

 port access vlan 2

#    

(4)        L2SW-B的配置

#

vlan 3

#

interface Ethernet0/1

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 3

#

interface Ethernet0/2

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 3

#

interface Ethernet0/3

 port access vlan 3

#