MAC authentication controls network access by authenticating source MAC addresses on a port. The feature does not require client software, and users do not have to enter a username and password for network access. The device initiates a MAC authentication process when it detects an unknown source MAC address on a MAC authentication-enabled port. If the MAC address passes authentication, the user can access authorized network resources. If the authentication fails, the device marks the MAC address as a silent MAC address, drops the packet, and starts a quiet timer. The device drops all subsequent packets from the MAC address within the quiet time. The quiet mechanism avoids repeated authentication during a short time.

NOTE:

If the MAC address that has failed authentication is a static MAC address or a MAC address that has passed any security authentication, the device does not mark the MAC address as a silent address.

User account policies

MAC authentication supports the following user account policies:

· One MAC-based user account for each user. The access device uses the source MAC addresses in packets as the usernames and passwords of users for MAC authentication. This policy is suitable for an insecure environment.

· One shared user account for all users. You specify one username and password, which are not necessarily a MAC address, for all MAC authentication users on the access device. This policy is suitable for a secure environment.

Authentication methods

You can perform MAC authentication on the access device (local authentication) or through a RADIUS server.

Local authentication:

· MAC-based accounts—The access device uses the source MAC address of the packet as the username and password to search the local account database for a match.

· A shared account—The access device uses the shared account username and password to search the local account database for a match.

RADIUS authentication:

· MAC-based accounts—The access device sends the source MAC address of the packet as the username and password to the RADIUS server for authentication.

· A shared account—The access device sends the shared account username and password to the RADIUS server for authentication.

For more information about configuring local authentication and RADIUS authentication, see "Configuring AAA."

VLAN assignment

Authorization VLAN

The device uses the authorization VLAN to control the access of a MAC authentication user to authorized network resources.

The device supports the following VLAN authorization methods:

· Remote VLAN authorization—The authorization VLAN information of a MAC authentication user is assigned by a remote server. The device can resolve server-assigned VLANs in the form of VLAN ID or VLAN name.

The port through which the user accesses the device is assigned to the authorization VLAN as a tagged or untagged member.

· Local VLAN authorization—The authorization VLAN of a MAC authentication user is specified in user view or user group view in the form of VLAN ID on the device.

The port through which the user accesses the device is assigned to the VLAN as an untagged member. Tagged VLAN assignment is not supported.

For more information about local authorization VLAN configuration, see "Configuring AAA."

Table 1 describes the way the network access device handles authorization VLANs for MAC authenticated users.

Table 1 VLAN manipulation

Port type	VLAN manipulation
· Access port · Trunk port · Hybrid port with MAC-based-VLAN disabled	· If the port is assigned to the authorization VLAN as an untagged member, the device assigns the port to the first authenticated user's authorization VLAN. The authorization VLAN becomes the PVID. All MAC authentication users on the port must be assigned the same authorization VLAN. If a different authorization VLAN is assigned to a subsequent user, the user cannot pass MAC authentication. · If the port is assigned to the authorization VLAN as a tagged member, the PVID of the port does not change. The device maps the MAC address of each user to its own authorization VLAN. NOTE: An access port can be assigned to an authorization VLAN only as an untagged VLAN member.
Hybrid port with MAC-based VLAN enabled	The device maps the MAC address of each user to its own authorization VLAN regardless of whether the port is a tagged member. The PVID of the port does not change.

Port type

VLAN manipulation

· Access port

· Trunk port

· Hybrid port with MAC-based-VLAN disabled

· If the port is assigned to the authorization VLAN as an untagged member, the device assigns the port to the first authenticated user's authorization VLAN. The authorization VLAN becomes the PVID. All MAC authentication users on the port must be assigned the same authorization VLAN. If a different authorization VLAN is assigned to a subsequent user, the user cannot pass MAC authentication.

· If the port is assigned to the authorization VLAN as a tagged member, the PVID of the port does not change. The device maps the MAC address of each user to its own authorization VLAN.

NOTE:

An access port can be assigned to an authorization VLAN only as an untagged VLAN member.

Hybrid port with MAC-based VLAN enabled

The device maps the MAC address of each user to its own authorization VLAN regardless of whether the port is a tagged member. The PVID of the port does not change.

IMPORTANT:

As a best practice, always assign a hybrid port to a VLAN as an untagged member. After the assignment, do not reconfigure the port as a tagged member in the VLAN.

Guest VLAN

The MAC authentication guest VLAN on a port accommodates users who fail MAC authentication for any other reason than server unreachable. For example, the VLAN accommodates users who have entered an invalid password.

You can deploy a limited set of network resources in the MAC authentication guest VLAN. For example, a software server for downloading software and system patches.

A hybrid port is always assigned to a MAC authentication guest VLAN as an untagged member. After the assignment, do not reconfigure the port as a tagged member in the VLAN.

Table 2 shows the way that the network access device handles guest VLANs for MAC authentication users.

Table 2 VLAN manipulation

Authentication status	VLAN manipulation
A user in the MAC authentication guest VLAN fails MAC authentication for any other reason than server unreachable.	The user is still in the MAC authentication guest VLAN.
A user in the MAC authentication guest VLAN passes MAC authentication.	The device remaps the MAC address of the user to the authorization VLAN assigned by the authentication server. If no authorization VLAN is configured for the user on the authentication server, the device remaps the MAC address of the user to the PVID of the port.

Authentication status

VLAN manipulation

A user in the MAC authentication guest VLAN fails MAC authentication for any other reason than server unreachable.

The user is still in the MAC authentication guest VLAN.

A user in the MAC authentication guest VLAN passes MAC authentication.

The device remaps the MAC address of the user to the authorization VLAN assigned by the authentication server.

If no authorization VLAN is configured for the user on the authentication server, the device remaps the MAC address of the user to the PVID of the port.

Critical VLAN

The MAC authentication critical VLAN on a port accommodates users who fail MAC authentication because no RADIUS authentication servers are reachable. Users in a MAC authentication critical VLAN can access only network resources in the critical VLAN.

The critical VLAN feature takes effect when MAC authentication is performed only through RADIUS servers. If a MAC authentication user fails local authentication after RADIUS authentication, the user is not assigned to the critical VLAN. For more information about the authentication methods, see "Configuring AAA."

Table 3 shows the way that the network access device handles critical VLANs for MAC authentication users.

Table 3 VLAN manipulation

Authentication status	VLAN manipulation
A user fails MAC authentication because all the RADIUS servers are unreachable.	The device maps the MAC address of the user to the MAC authentication critical VLAN. The user is still in the MAC authentication critical VLAN if the user fails MAC reauthentication because all the RADIUS servers are unreachable. If no MAC authentication critical VLAN is configured, the device maps the MAC address of the user to the PVID of the port.
A user in the MAC authentication critical VLAN fails MAC authentication for any other reason than server unreachable.	If a guest VLAN has been configured, the device maps the MAC address of the user to the guest VLAN. If no guest VLAN is configured, the device maps the MAC address of the user to the PVID of the port.
A user in the MAC authentication critical VLAN passes MAC authentication.	The device remaps the MAC address of the user to the authorization VLAN assigned by the authentication server. If no authorization VLAN is configured for the user on the authentication server, the device remaps the MAC address of the user to the PVID of the access port.

ACL assignment

You can specify an authorization ACL in the user account for a MAC authentication user to control the user's access to network resources. After the user passes MAC authentication, the authentication server (local or remote) assigns the authorization ACL to the access port of the user. The ACL will filter traffic for this user. You must configure ACL rules for the authorization ACL on the access device for the ACL assignment feature.

To ensure a successful ACL assignment, make sure the ACL does not contain rules that match source MAC addresses.

To change the access control criteria for the user, you can use one of the following methods:

· Modify ACL rules on the access device.

· Specify another authorization ACL on the authentication server.

For more information about ACLs, see ACL and QoS Configuration Guide.

Redirect URL assignment

The device supports the URL attribute assigned by a RADIUS server. During MAC authentication, a user is redirected to the Web interface specified by the server-assigned URL attribute. After the user passes the Web authentication, the RADIUS server records the MAC address of the Web user and uses a DM (Disconnect Message) to log off the Web user. When the user initiates MAC authentication again, it will pass the authentication and come online successfully.

Configuration prerequisites

Before you configure MAC authentication, complete the following tasks:

1. Configure an ISP domain and specify an AAA method. For more information, see "Configuring AAA."

¡ For local authentication, you must also create local user accounts (including usernames and passwords), and specify the lan-access service for local users.

¡ For RADIUS authentication, make sure the device and the RADIUS server can reach each other, and create user accounts on the RADIUS server. If you are using MAC-based accounts, make sure the username and password for each account are the same as the MAC address of each MAC authentication user.

2. Make sure the port security feature is disabled. For more information about port security, see "Configuring port security."

General guidelines and restrictions

When you configure MAC authentication, follow these guidelines and restrictions:

· MAC authentication is exclusive with link aggregation group or service loopback group.

¡ You cannot enable MAC authentication on a port already in a link aggregation group or a service loopback group.

¡ You cannot add a MAC authentication-enabled port to a link aggregation group or a service loopback group.

Configuration task list

Tasks at a glance
(Required.) Enabling MAC authentication
(Optional.) Specifying a MAC authentication domain
(Optional.) Configuring the user account format
(Optional.) Configuring MAC authentication timers
(Optional.) Setting the maximum number of concurrent MAC authentication users on a port
(Optional.) Enabling MAC authentication multi-VLAN mode on a port
(Optional.) Configuring MAC authentication delay
(Optional.) Enabling parallel processing of MAC authentication and 802.1X authentication
(Optional.) Configuring a MAC authentication guest VLAN
(Optional.) Configuring a MAC authentication critical VLAN
(Optional.) Enabling the MAC authentication critical voice VLAN
(Optional.) Configuring periodic MAC reauthentication
(Optional.) Including user IP addresses in MAC authentication requests
(Optional.) Enabling MAC authentication offline detection

Enabling MAC authentication

For MAC authentication to take effect on a port, you must enable this feature globally and on the port.

To enable MAC authentication:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enable MAC authentication globally.	mac-authentication	By default, MAC authentication is disabled globally.
3. Enter interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
4. Enable MAC authentication on the port.	mac-authentication	By default, MAC authentication is disabled on a port.

Specifying a MAC authentication domain

By default, MAC authentication users are in the system default authentication domain. To implement different access policies for users, you can use one of the following methods to specify authentication domains for MAC authentication users:

· Specify a global authentication domain in system view. This domain setting applies to all ports enabled with MAC authentication.

· Specify an authentication domain for an individual port in interface view.

MAC authentication chooses an authentication domain for users on a port in this order: the port-specific domain, the global domain, and the default domain. For more information about authentication domains, see "Configuring AAA."

To specify an authentication domain for MAC authentication users:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Specify an authentication domain for MAC authentication users.	· In system view: mac-authentication domain domain-name · In interface view: a. interface interface-type interface-number b. mac-authentication domain domain-name	By default, the system default authentication domain is used for MAC authentication users.

Step

Command

Remarks

1. Enter system view.

system-view

N/A

2. Specify an authentication domain for MAC authentication users.

· In system view:
mac-authentication domain domain-name

· In interface view:

a. interface interface-type interface-number

b. mac-authentication domain domain-name

By default, the system default authentication domain is used for MAC authentication users.

Configuring the user account format

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Configure the MAC authentication user account format.	· Use one MAC-based user account for each user: mac-authentication user-name-format mac-address [ { with-hyphen \| without-hyphen } [ lowercase \| uppercase ] ] · Use one shared user account for all users: mac-authentication user-name-format fixed [ account name ] [ password { cipher \| simple } string ]	By default, the device uses the MAC address of a user as the username and password for MAC authentication. The MAC address is in the hexadecimal notation without hyphens, and letters are in lower case.

Step

Command

Remarks

1. Enter system view.

system-view

N/A

2. Configure the MAC authentication user account format.

· Use one MAC-based user account for each user:
mac-authentication user-name-format mac-address [ { with-hyphen | without-hyphen } [ lowercase | uppercase ] ]

· Use one shared user account for all users:
mac-authentication user-name-format fixed [ account name ] [ password { cipher | simple } string ]

By default, the device uses the MAC address of a user as the username and password for MAC authentication. The MAC address is in the hexadecimal notation without hyphens, and letters are in lower case.

Configuring MAC authentication timers

MAC authentication uses the following timers:

· Offline detect timer—Sets the interval that the device waits for traffic from a user before the device regards the user idle. When the offline detection feature is enabled, the device logs off the user and requests to stop accounting for the user after the timer expires.

· Quiet timer—Sets the interval that the device must wait before the device can perform MAC authentication for a user who has failed MAC authentication. All packets from the MAC address are dropped during the quiet time. This quiet mechanism prevents repeated authentication from affecting system performance.

· Server timeout timer—Sets the interval that the device waits for a response from a RADIUS server before the device regards the RADIUS server unavailable. If the timer expires during MAC authentication, the user cannot access the network.

To configure MAC authentication timers:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Configure MAC authentication timers.	mac-authentication timer { offline-detect offline-detect-value \| quiet quiet-value \| server-timeout server-timeout-value }	By default, the offline detect timer is 300 seconds, the quiet timer is 60 seconds, and the server timeout timer is 100 seconds.

Setting the maximum number of concurrent MAC authentication users on a port

Perform this task to prevent the system resources from being overused.

To set the maximum number of concurrent MAC authentication users on a port:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Set the maximum number of concurrent MAC authentication users on the port	mac-authentication max-user max-number	The default setting is 4294967295.

Enabling MAC authentication multi-VLAN mode on a port

The MAC authentication multi-VLAN mode prevents an authenticated online user from service interruption caused by VLAN changes on a port. When the port receives a packet sourced from the user in a VLAN not matching the existing MAC-VLAN mapping, the device neither logs off the user nor reauthenticates the user. The device creates a new MAC-VLAN mapping for the user, and traffic transmission is not interrupted. The original MAC-VLAN mapping for the user remains on the device until it dynamically ages out. As a best practice, configure this feature on hybrid or trunk ports.

This feature improves transmission of data that is vulnerable to delay and interference. It is typically applicable to IP phone users.

To enable MAC authentication multi-VLAN mode on a port:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Enable MAC authentication multi-VLAN mode.	mac-authentication host-mode multi-vlan	By default, this feature is disabled on a port. When the port receives a packet sourced from an authenticated user in a VLAN not matching the existing MAC-VLAN mapping, the device logs off and reauthenticates the user.

Configuring MAC authentication delay

When both 802.1X authentication and MAC authentication are enabled on a port, you can delay MAC authentication so that 802.1X authentication is preferentially triggered.

If no 802.1X authentication is triggered or 802.1X authentication fails within the delay period, the port continues to process MAC authentication.

Do not set the port security mode to mac-else-userlogin-secure or mac-else-userlogin-secure-ext when you use MAC authentication delay. The delay does not take effect on a port in either of the two modes. For more information about port security modes, see "Configuring port security."

To configure MAC authentication delay:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Enable MAC authentication delay and set the delay timer.	mac-authentication timer auth-delay time	By default, MAC authentication delay is disabled.

Enabling parallel processing of MAC authentication and 802.1X authentication

This feature enables a port that processes MAC authentication after 802.1X authentication is finished to process MAC authentication in parallel with 802.1X authentication.

When the port receives a packet from an unknown MAC address, it sends a unicast EAP-Request/Identity packet to the MAC address. After that, the port immediately processes MAC authentication without waiting for the 802.1X authentication result.

After MAC authentication succeeds, the port is assigned to the MAC authentication authorization VLAN.

· If 802.1X authentication fails, the MAC authentication result takes effect.

· If 802.1X authentication succeeds, the device handles the port and the MAC address based on the 802.1X authentication result.

Configuration restrictions and guidelines

When you enable parallel processing of MAC authentication and 802.1X authentication on a port, follow these restrictions and guidelines:

· Make sure the port meets the following requirements:

¡ The port is configured with both 802.1X authentication and MAC authentication and performs MAC-based access control for 802.1X authentication.

¡ The port is enabled with the 802.1X unicast trigger.

· For the port to perform MAC authentication before it is assigned to the 802.1X guest VLAN, enable new MAC-triggered 802.1X guest VLAN assignment delay.

For information about new MAC-triggered 802.1X guest VLAN assignment delay, see "Configuring 802.1X."

· For the parallel processing feature to work correctly, do not enable MAC authentication delay on the port. This operation will delay MAC authentication after 802.1X authentication is triggered.

· To configure both 802.1X authentication and MAC authentication on the port, use one of the following methods:

¡ Enable the 802.1X and MAC authentication features separately on the port.

¡ Enable port security on the port. The port security mode must be userlogin-secure-or-mac or userlogin-secure-or-mac-ext.

For information about port security mode configuration, see "Configuring port security."

Configuration procedure

To enable parallel processing of MAC authentication and 802.1X authentication on a port:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter Ethernet interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Enable parallel processing of MAC authentication and 802.1X authentication on the port.	mac-authentication parallel-with-dot1x	By default, this feature is disabled.

Configuring a MAC authentication guest VLAN

Configuration prerequisites

You must configure the MAC authentication guest VLAN on a hybrid port. Before you configure the MAC authentication guest VLAN on a hybrid port, complete the following tasks:

· Enable MAC authentication globally and on the port.

· Enable MAC-based VLAN on the port.

· Create the VLAN to be specified as the MAC authentication guest VLAN.

· Configure the VLAN as an untagged member on the port.

Configuration restrictions and guidelines

When you configure the MAC authentication guest VLAN on a port, follow these restrictions and guidelines:

· The following table shows the relationships of the MAC authentication guest VLAN with other security features:

Feature	Relationship description	Reference
Quiet feature of MAC authentication	The MAC authentication guest VLAN feature has higher priority. When a user fails MAC authentication, the user can access the resources in the guest VLAN. The user's MAC address is not marked as a silent MAC address.	See "Configuring MAC authentication timers."
Super VLAN	You cannot specify a VLAN as both a super VLAN and a MAC authentication guest VLAN.	See Layer 2—LAN Switching Configuration Guide.
Port intrusion protection	The guest VLAN feature has higher priority than the block MAC action but lower priority than the shutdown port action of the port intrusion protection feature.	See "Configuring port security."

· The following matrix shows the location restrictions for the interface configured with MAC authentication guest VLAN and the interface connected to the external network on an IRF 3 system:

Location of the interface configured with MAC authentication guest VLAN	Location restrictions of the interface connected to the external network
A PEX	The interface cannot be on an interface module of the parent fabric or on other PEXs.
An interface module on the parent fabric	The interface cannot be on PEXs.

For more information about IRF 3, see Virtual Technologies Configuration Guide.

Configuration procedure

To configure the MAC authentication guest VLAN on a port:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter Ethernet interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Specify the MAC authentication guest VLAN on the port.	mac-authentication guest-vlan guest-vlan-id	By default, no MAC authentication guest VLAN exists. You can configure only one MAC authentication guest VLAN on a port.
4. (Optional.) Set the authentication interval for users in the MAC authentication guest VLAN.	mac-authentication guest-vlan auth-period period-value	The default setting is 30 seconds.

Configuring a MAC authentication critical VLAN

You must configure the MAC authentication critical VLAN on a hybrid port. Before you configure the MAC authentication critical VLAN on a hybrid port, complete the following tasks:

· Enable MAC authentication globally and on the port.

· Enable MAC-based VLAN on the port.

· Create the VLAN to be specified as the MAC authentication critical VLAN.

· Configure the VLAN as an untagged member on the port.

When you configure the MAC authentication critical VLAN on a port, follow the guidelines in Table 4.

Table 4 Relationships of the MAC authentication critical VLAN with other security features

Feature	Relationship description	Reference
Quiet feature of MAC authentication	The MAC authentication critical VLAN feature has higher priority. When a user fails MAC authentication because no RADIUS authentication server is reachable, the user can access the resources in the critical VLAN. The user's MAC address is not marked as a silent MAC address.	See "Configuring MAC authentication timers."
Super VLAN	You cannot specify a VLAN as both a super VLAN and a MAC authentication critical VLAN.	See Layer 2—LAN Switching Configuration Guide.
Port intrusion protection	The critical VLAN feature has higher priority than the block MAC action but lower priority than the shutdown port action of the port intrusion protection feature.	See "Configuring port security."

To configure the MAC authentication critical VLAN on a port:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter Ethernet interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Specify the MAC authentication critical VLAN on the port.	mac-authentication critical vlan critical-vlan-id	By default, no MAC authentication critical VLAN exists. You can configure only one MAC authentication critical VLAN on a port.

Enabling the MAC authentication critical voice VLAN

The MAC authentication critical voice VLAN on a port accommodates MAC authentication voice users that have failed authentication because none of the RADIUS servers in their ISP domain are reachable.

Configuration prerequisites

Before you enable the MAC authentication critical voice VLAN on a port, complete the following tasks:

· Enable LLDP both globally and on the port.

The device uses LLDP to identify voice users. For information about LLDP, see Layer 2—LAN Switching Configuration Guide.

· Enable voice VLAN on the port.

For information about voice VLANs, see Layer 2—LAN Switching Configuration Guide.

Configuration procedure

To enable the MAC authentication critical voice VLAN feature on a port:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter Ethernet interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Enable the MAC authentication critical voice VLAN feature on a port.	mac-authentication critical-voice-vlan	By default, the MAC authentication critical voice VLAN feature is disabled on a port.

Configuring periodic MAC reauthentication

Overview

Periodic MAC reauthentication reauthenticates online MAC authentication users at a user-configurable reauthentication interval. The reauthentication feature tracks the connection status of online users and updates the authorization attributes assigned by the server. The attributes include the ACL and VLAN.

By default, the device logs off online MAC authentication users if no server is reachable for MAC reauthentication. The keep-online feature keeps authenticated MAC authentication users online when no server is reachable for MAC reauthentication.

Configuration restrictions and guidelines

When you configure periodic MAC reauthentication, follow these restrictions and guidelines:

· The server-assigned RADIUS Session-Timeout (attribute 27) and Termination-Action (attribute 29) attributes together can affect the periodic MAC reauthentication feature. To display the server-assigned Session-Timeout and Termination-Action attributes, use the display mac-authentication connection command (see Security Command Reference).

¡ If the termination action is logging off users, periodic MAC reauthentication takes effect only when the periodic reauthentication timer is shorter than the session timeout timer. If the session timeout timer is shorter, the device logs off online authenticated users when the session timeout timer expires.

¡ If the termination action is reauthenticating users, the periodic MAC reauthentication configuration on the device cannot take effect. The device reauthenticates online MAC authentication users after the server-assigned session timeout timer expires.

Support for the server configuration and assignment of session timeout timer and termination action depends on the server model.

· You can set the periodic reauthentication timer either in system view or in interface view by using the mac-authentication timer reauth-period command. A change to the periodic reauthentication timer applies to online users only after the old timer expires.

The device selects a periodic reauthentication timer for MAC reauthentication in the following order:

a. Server-assigned reauthentication timer.

b. Port-specific reauthentication timer.

c. Global reauthentication timer.

d. Default reauthentication timer.

· In a fast-recovery network, you can use the keep-online feature to prevent MAC authentication users from coming online and going offline frequently.

· The VLANs assigned to an online user before and after reauthentication can be the same or different.

Configuration procedure

To configure periodic MAC reauthentication:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. (Optional.) Set the global periodic MAC reauthentication timer.	mac-authentication timer reauth-period reauth-period-value	The default setting is 3600 seconds.
3. Enter Ethernet interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
4. Enable periodic MAC reauthentication.	mac-authentication re-authenticate	By default, periodic MAC reauthentication is disabled on a port.
5. (Optional.) Set the periodic reauthentication timer on the port.	mac-authentication timer reauth-period reauth-period-value	By default, no periodic reauthentication timer is set on a port. The port uses the global periodic MAC reauthentication timer.
6. (Optional.) Enable the keep-online feature for authenticated MAC authentication users on the port.	mac-authentication re-authenticate server-unreachable keep-online	By default, the keep-online feature is disabled.

Including user IP addresses in MAC authentication requests

This feature enables the device to add user IP addresses to the MAC authentication requests that are sent to an IMC server.

Upon receiving an authentication request, the IMC server compares the user IP and MAC addresses in the request with its local IP-MAC mapping of the user. If a match is found, the IMC server verifies the user valid. If no match is found, the user fails the MAC authentication.

The IMC server selects the IP-MAC combination for a MAC authentication user to match in the following order:

1. The IP and MAC addresses in the IMC platform user account associated with the MAC authentication user.

2. The IP and MAC addresses that are included in the authentication request. If the server does not have an authenticated IP-MAC record for the user, it determines that the IP-MAC combination of the user is valid. The server will record the IP-MAC combination of the user. If the user IP address is changed at the next authentication, the user cannot pass authentication.

When you configure this feature, follow these guidelines and restrictions:

· This feature takes effect only on MAC authentication users who use static IP addresses. Users who obtain IP addresses through DHCP are not affected.

· Do not configure this feature together with the MAC authentication guest VLAN on a port. If both features are configured, users in the MAC authentication guest VLAN cannot perform a new round of authentication.

To include user IP addresses in MAC authentication requests:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter Ethernet interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Include user IP addresses in MAC authentication requests.	mac-authentication carry user-ip	By default, a MAC authentication request does not include the user IP address.

Enabling MAC authentication offline detection

This feature logs a user out of the device if the device does not receive any packets from the user within the offline detect timer. The device also requests to stop accounting for the user at the same time. For more information about the offline detect timer, see "Configuring MAC authentication timers."

Disabling this feature disables the device from inspecting the online user status.

To enable MAC authentication offline detection:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter Ethernet interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
3. Enable MAC authentication offline detection.	mac-authentication offline-detect enable	By default, MAC authentication offline detection is enabled.

Displaying and maintaining MAC authentication

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

Task	Command
Display MAC authentication information.	display mac-authentication [ interface interface-type interface-number ]
(In standalone mode.) Display MAC authentication connections.	display mac-authentication connection [ interface interface-type interface-number \| slot slot-number \| user-mac mac-address \| user-name user-name ]
(In IRF mode.) Display MAC authentication connections.	display mac-authentication connection [ chassis chassis-number slot slot-number \| interface interface-type interface-number \| user-mac mac-address \| user-name user-name ]
Clear MAC authentication statistics.	reset mac-authentication statistics [ interface interface-type interface-number ]
Remove users from the MAC authentication critical VLAN on a port.	reset mac-authentication critical-vlan interface interface-type interface-number [ mac-address mac-address ]
Remove users from the MAC authentication critical voice VLAN on a port.	reset mac-authentication critical-voice-vlan interface interface-type interface-number [ mac-address mac-address ]
Remove users from the MAC authentication guest VLAN on a port.	reset mac-authentication guest-vlan interface interface-type interface-number [ mac-address mac-address ]

MAC authentication configuration examples

Local MAC authentication configuration example

Network requirements

As shown in Figure 1, the device performs local MAC authentication on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to control Internet access of users.

Configure the device to meet the following requirements:

· Detect whether a user has gone offline every 180 seconds.

· Deny a user for 180 seconds if the user fails MAC authentication.

· Authenticate all users in ISP domain bbb.

· Use the MAC address of each user as the username and password for authentication. A MAC address is in the hexadecimal notation with hyphens, and letters are in lower case.

Figure 1 Network diagram

Configuration procedure

# Add a network access local user. In this example, configure both the username and password as Host A's MAC address 00-e0-fc-12-34-56.

<Device> system-view

[Device] local-user 00-e0-fc-12-34-56 class network

[Device-luser-network-00-e0-fc-12-34-56] password simple 00-e0-fc-12-34-56

# Specify the LAN access service for the user.

[Device-luser-network-00-e0-fc-12-34-56] service-type lan-access

[Device-luser-network-00-e0-fc-12-34-56] quit

# Configure ISP domain bbb to perform local authentication for LAN users.

[Device] domain bbb

[Device-isp-bbb] authentication lan-access local

[Device-isp-bbb] quit

# Enable MAC authentication on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.

[Device] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Device-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] mac-authentication

[Device-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Specify ISP domain bbb as the MAC authentication domain.

[Device] mac-authentication domain bbb

# Configure MAC authentication timers.

[Device] mac-authentication timer offline-detect 180

[Device] mac-authentication timer quiet 180

# Configure MAC authentication to use MAC-based accounts. Each MAC address is in the hexadecimal notation with hyphens, and letters are in lower case.

[Device] mac-authentication user-name-format mac-address with-hyphen lowercase

# Enable MAC authentication globally.

[Device] mac-authentication

Verifying the configuration

# Display MAC authentication settings and statistics to verify your configuration.

[Device] display mac-authentication

Global MAC authentication parameters:

MAC authentication : Enabled

User name format : MAC address in lowercase(xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx)

Username : mac

Password : Not configured

Offline detect period : 180 s

Quiet period : 180 s

Server timeout : 100 s

Reauth period : 3600 s

Authentication domain : bbb

Online MAC-auth users : 1

Silent MAC users:

MAC address VLAN ID From port Port index

00e0-fc11-1111 8 GE1/0/1 1

GigabitEthernet1/0/1 is link-up

MAC authentication : Enabled

Carry User-IP : Disabled

Authentication domain : Not configured

Auth-delay timer : Disabled

Periodic reauth : Disabled

Re-auth server-unreachable : Logoff

Guest VLAN : Not configured

Guest VLAN auth-period : 30 s

Critical VLAN : Not configured

Critical voice VLAN : Disabled

Host mode : Single VLAN

Offline detection : Enabled

Authentication order : Default

Max online users : 4294967295

Authentication attempts : successful 1, failed 0

Current online users : 1

MAC address Auth state

00e0-fc12-3456 Authenticated

The output shows that Host A has passed MAC authentication and has come online. Host B failed MAC authentication and its MAC address is marked as a silent MAC address.

RADIUS-based MAC authentication configuration example

Network requirements

As shown in Figure 2, the device uses RADIUS servers to perform authentication, authorization, and accounting for users.

To control user access to the Internet by MAC authentication, perform the following tasks:

· Enable MAC authentication globally and on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.

· Configure the device to detect whether a user has gone offline every 180 seconds.

· Configure the device to deny a user for 180 seconds if the user fails MAC authentication.

· Configure all users to belong to ISP domain bbb.

· Use a shared user account for all users, with username aaa and password 123456.

Figure 2 Network diagram

Configuration procedure

1. Make sure the RADIUS server and the access device can reach each other. (Details not shown.)

2. Configure the RADIUS servers:

# Create a shared account for MAC authentication users. (Details not shown.)

# Set username aaa and password 123456 for the account. (Details not shown.)

3. Configure RADIUS-based MAC authentication on the device:

# Configure a RADIUS scheme.

<Device> system-view

[Device] radius scheme 2000

[Device-radius-2000] primary authentication 10.1.1.1 1812

[Device-radius-2000] primary accounting 10.1.1.2 1813

[Device-radius-2000] key authentication simple abc

[Device-radius-2000] key accounting simple abc

[Device-radius-2000] user-name-format without-domain

[Device-radius-2000] quit

# Apply the RADIUS scheme to ISP domain bbb for authentication, authorization, and accounting.

[Device] domain bbb

[Device-isp-bbb] authentication default radius-scheme 2000

[Device-isp-bbb] authorization default radius-scheme 2000

[Device-isp-bbb] accounting default radius-scheme 2000

[Device-isp-bbb] quit

# Enable MAC authentication on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.

[Device] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Device-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] mac-authentication

[Device-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Specify the MAC authentication domain as ISP domain bbb.

[Device] mac-authentication domain bbb

# Set MAC authentication timers.

[Device] mac-authentication timer offline-detect 180

[Device] mac-authentication timer quiet 180

# Specify username aaa and password 123456 in plain text for the account shared by MAC authentication users.

[Device] mac-authentication user-name-format fixed account aaa password simple 123456

# Enable MAC authentication globally.

[Device] mac-authentication

Verifying the configuration

# Verify the MAC authentication configuration.

[Device] display mac-authentication

Global MAC authentication parameters:

MAC authentication : Enabled

Username format : Fixed account

Username : aaa

Password : ******

Offline detect period : 180 s

Quiet period : 180 s

Server timeout : 100 s

Reauth period : 3600 s

Authentication domain : bbb

Online MAC-auth users : 1

Silent MAC users:

MAC address VLAN ID From port Port index

GigabitEthernet1/0/1 is link-up

MAC authentication : Enabled

Carry User-IP : Disabled

Authentication domain : Not configured

Auth-delay timer : Disabled

Periodic reauth : Disabled

Re-auth server-unreachable : Logoff

Guest VLAN : Not configured

Guest VLAN auth-period : 30 s

Critical VLAN : Not configured

Critical voice VLAN : Disabled

Host mode : Single VLAN

Offline detection : Enabled

Authentication order : Default

Max online users : 4294967295

Authentication attempts : successful 1, failed 0

Current online users : 1

MAC address Auth state

00e0-fc12-3456 Authenticated

ACL assignment configuration example

Network requirements

As shown in Figure 3, configure the device to meet the following requirements:

· Use RADIUS servers to perform authentication, authorization, and accounting for users.

· Perform MAC authentication on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to control Internet access.

· Use MAC-based user accounts for MAC authentication users. Each MAC address is in the hexadecimal notation with hyphens, and letters are in lower case.

· Use an ACL to deny authenticated users to access the FTP server at 10.0.0.1.

Figure 3 Network diagram

Configuration procedure

Make sure the RADIUS servers and the access device can reach each other.

1. Configure ACL 3000 to deny packets destined for 10.0.0.1.

<Device> system-view

[Device] acl advanced 3000

[Device-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule 0 deny ip destination 10.0.0.1 0

[Device-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] quit

2. Configure RADIUS-based MAC authentication on the device:

# Configure a RADIUS scheme.

[Device] radius scheme 2000

[Device-radius-2000] primary authentication 10.1.1.1 1812

[Device-radius-2000] primary accounting 10.1.1.2 1813

[Device-radius-2000] key authentication simple abc

[Device-radius-2000] key accounting simple abc

[Device-radius-2000] user-name-format without-domain

[Device-radius-2000] quit

# Apply the RADIUS scheme to an ISP domain for authentication, authorization, and accounting.

[Device] domain bbb

[Device-isp-bbb] authentication default radius-scheme 2000

[Device-isp-bbb] authorization default radius-scheme 2000

[Device-isp-bbb] accounting default radius-scheme 2000

[Device-isp-bbb] quit

# Specify the ISP domain for MAC authentication.

[Device] mac-authentication domain bbb

# Configure the device to use MAC-based user accounts. Each MAC address is in the hexadecimal notation with hyphens, and letters are in lower case.

[Device] mac-authentication user-name-format mac-address with-hyphen lowercase

# Enable MAC authentication on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.

[Device] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Device-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] mac-authentication

[Device-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Enable MAC authentication globally.

[Device] mac-authentication

3. Configure the RADIUS servers:

# Add a user account with 00-e0-fc-12-34-56 as both the username and password on each RADIUS server. (Details not shown.)

# Specify ACL 3000 as the authorization ACL for the user account. (Details not shown.)

Verifying the configuration

# Verify the MAC authentication configuration.

[Device] display mac-authentication

Global MAC authentication parameters:

MAC authentication : Enabled

Username format : MAC address in lowercase(xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx)

Username : mac

Password : Not configured

Offline detect period : 300 s

Quiet period : 60 s

Server timeout : 100 s

Reauth period : 3600 s

Authentication domain : bbb

Online MAC-auth users : 1

Silent MAC users:

MAC address VLAN ID From port Port index

GigabitEthernet1/0/1 is link-up

MAC authentication : Enabled

Carry User-IP : Disabled

Authentication domain : Not configured

Auth-delay timer : Disabled

Periodic reauth : Disabled

Re-auth server-unreachable : Logoff

Guest VLAN : Not configured

Guest VLAN auth-period : 30 s

Critical VLAN : Not configured

Critical voice VLAN : Disabled

Host mode : Single VLAN

Offline detection : Enabled

Authentication order : Default

Max online users : 4294967295

Authentication attempts : successful 1, failed 0

Current online users : 1

MAC address Auth state

00e0-fc12-3456 Authenticated

# Verify that you cannot ping the FTP server from the host.

C:\>ping 10.0.0.1

Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.

Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

The output shows that ACL 3000 has been assigned to GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to deny access to the FTP server.

10-Security Configuration Guide

Configuring MAC authentication

Authentication methods

Critical VLAN

Configuring the user account format

Enabling parallel processing of MAC authentication and 802.1X authentication

Network requirements

Configuration procedure

Verifying the configuration

Network requirements

Configuration procedure

Verifying the configuration

Network requirements

Configuration procedure

Verifying the configuration

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