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10-可靠性配置举例

目录

07-H3C_BFD典型配置举例

本章节下载 07-H3C_BFD典型配置举例  (473.71 KB)

07-H3C_BFD典型配置举例

H3C BFD配置举例

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

资料版本:6W100-20190330

产品版本:Release 7577P04

 

Copyright © 2019 新华三技术有限公司 版权所有,保留一切权利。

非经本公司书面许可,任何单位和个人不得擅自摘抄、复制本文档内容的部分或全部,并不得以任何形式传播。

除新华三技术有限公司的商标外,本手册中出现的其它公司的商标、产品标识及商品名称,由各自权利人拥有。

本文档中的信息可能变动,恕不另行通知。

 


目  录

1 简介

2 配置前提

3 使用限制

4 VRRP与BFD、Track联动配置举例

4.1 组网需求

4.2 配置思路

4.3 配置注意事项

4.4 配置步骤

4.4.1 配置各接口的IP地址

4.4.2 配置两个网关设备间的直连端口

4.4.3 关闭上行接口的STP功能

4.4.4 配置上行设备Device E和Device F到VRRP组虚拟IP的静态路由

4.4.5 配置VRRP备份组

4.4.6 配置BFD功能

4.4.7 配置Track项

4.4.8 配置MSTP

4.5 验证配置

4.6 配置文件

5 静态路由与BFD联动配置举例

5.1 组网需求

5.2 配置思路

5.3 配置步骤

5.3.1 配置各接口的IP地址

5.3.2 配置静态路由

5.3.3 配置Device A的BFD功能

5.4 验证配置

5.5 配置文件

6 RIP与BFD联动配置举例

6.1 组网需求

6.2 配置思路

6.3 配置步骤

6.3.1 配置各接口的IP地址

6.3.2 配置RIP基本功能

6.3.3 配置Device A的BFD参数

6.4 验证配置

6.5 配置文件

7 OSPF与BFD联动配置举例

7.1 组网需求

7.2 配置思路

7.3 配置步骤

7.3.1 配置各接口的IP地址

7.3.2 配置OSPF基本功能

7.3.3 配置BFD功能

验证配置

7.4 配置文件

8 IS-IS与BFD联动配置举例

8.1 组网需求

8.2 配置思路

8.3 配置步骤

8.3.1 配置各接口的IP地址

8.3.2 配置IS-IS基本功能

8.3.3 配置BFD功能

8.4 验证配置

8.5 配置文件

9 BGP与BFD联动配置举例

9.1 组网需求

9.2 配置思路

9.3 配置步骤

9.3.1 配置各接口的IP地址

9.3.2 在AS 100内配置OSPF功能,保证设备间路由可达

9.3.3 配置BGP功能

9.3.4 配置路由策略

9.3.5 配置BFD功能

9.4 验证配置

9.5 配置文件

10 策略路由与BFD联动配置举例

10.1 组网需求

10.2 配置思路

10.3 配置步骤

10.3.1 配置各接口的IP地址

10.3.2 配置静态路由

10.3.3 配置Device A上的路由策略

10.3.4 配置BFD功能,并创建和BFD会话关联的Track项11,检测Device B是否可达

10.4 验证配置

10.5 配置文件

11 相关资料

 


1  简介

本文档介绍了BFD配置举例。

2  配置前提

本文档中的配置均是在实验室环境下进行的配置和验证,配置前设备的所有参数均采用出厂时的缺省配置。如果您已经对设备进行了配置,为了保证配置效果,请确认现有配置和以下举例中的配置不冲突。

本文假设您已了解BFD特性、VRRP特性、Track特性以及OSPF、IS-IS等路由协议。

3  使用限制

IP隧道(如IPv6 over IPv4隧道)不支持BFD检测。

4  VRRP与BFD、Track联动配置举例

4.1  组网需求

图1所示,区域A和区域B用户所在网络的出口处部署了两台汇聚层设备(Device A和Device B)。

现要求使用VRRP与BFD、Track联动功能,实现以下需求:

·              在Device A和Device B上分别配置两个VRRP备份组,Device A是VRRP备份组1中的Master设备,Device B是VRRP备份组2中的Master设备;

·              在正常情况下,区域A的用户将VRRP备份组1作为缺省网关,通过Device A进行数据转发,区域B用户将VRRP备份组2作为缺省网关,通过Device B进行数据转发。当一台网关设备出现故障时,另一台网关设备能够迅速承担受影响区域内主机流量的转发任务;

·              当网关设备Device A(Device B)自身出现故障,或其上行接口出现故障时,局域网中的主机可以通过另一台设备网关设备Device B(Device A)继续通信,避免通信中断;当Device A(Device B)故障恢复后,继续承担网关功能;

·              当Device A或Device B的下行链路出现故障时,局域网中的主机通过接入设备L2 Switch A 或L2 Switch B的Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2端口将数据转发给网关设备继续通信,避免通信中断;当Device A或Device B的下行链路故障恢复后,继续由L2 Switch A 或L2 Switch B的Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1端口将数据发送给网关设备。

图1 VRRP与BFD、Track联动配置组网图

 

4.2  配置思路

·              为了实现不同区域中用户数据流的负载分担,需要在Device A和Device B上分别创建两个VRRP备份组,并配置区域A内的主机都将VRRP备份组1作为网关,区域B内的主机都将VRRP备份组2作为网关;

·              为使Device A优先被选举为VRRP备份组1的Master设备,需要为其在VRRP备份组1中配置较高的优先级;为使Device B优先被选举为VRRP备份组2的Master设备,需要为其在VRRP备份组2中配置较高的优先级;

·              配置两个VRRP备份组都工作在抢占模式,以保证原Master设备故障恢复后,能再次抢占成为Master;

·              通过Device A与Device B上配置BFD功能监视其上行接口的状态,当监测到其上行接口故障时,Device A或Device B的优先级会自动降低指定的数额,使VRRP备份组1内Device B的优先级高于Device A,或VRRP备份组2内Device A的优先级高于Device B,从而实现主备切换;

·              为了使Device A上不同VLAN的VRRP通告报文和BFD报文能够和Device B相互传输,需要配置Device A与Device B相连的接口均允许VLAN 2和VLAN 3通过;

·              利用MSTP多实例技术避免二层环路。将VLAN 2映射到MSTP实例1中;将VLAN 3映射到MSTP实例2中。保证正常情况下,MSTP实例1中的流量通过L2 Switch A Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1端口转发,MSTP实例2中的流量通过L2 Switch BTen-GigabitEthernet3/0/1端口转发。

·              为了避免MSTP功能阻塞Device A或Device B的上行接口Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1,需要关闭此接口的STP功能。

4.3  配置注意事项

·              请务必保证备份组中的所有设备上配置的VRRP版本一致,否则备份组无法正常工作。

·              为了避免对端发送大量的ICMP重定向报文造成网络拥塞,建议不要将BFD echo报文的源IP地址配置为属于该设备任何一个接口所在网段。

·              建议将备份组的虚拟IP地址和备份组中设备下行接口的IP地址配置为同一网段,否则可能导致局域网内的主机无法访问外部网络。

4.4  配置步骤

4.4.1  配置各接口的IP地址

(1)      配置Device A各接口的IP地址

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] vlan 101

[DeviceA-vlan101] port ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceA-vlan101] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 101

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface101] ip address 1.1.1.1 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface101] quit

(2)      请参考以上方法配置4.1  图1中其它接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略

4.4.2  配置两个网关设备间的直连端口

(1)      配置Device A

# 与Device B直连的Ten-Gigabitethernet 3/0/4配置为trunk端口,不允许VLAN 1的报文通过,允许VLAN 2和VLAN 3的报文通过。

[DeviceA] interface ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/4

[DeviceA-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] port link-type trunk

[DeviceA-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[DeviceA-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

[DeviceA-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] port trunk pvid vlan 2

[DeviceA-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] quit

(2)      配置Device B

# 与Device A直连的Ten-Gigabitethernet 3/0/4配置为trunk端口,不允许VLAN 1的报文通过,允许VLAN 2和VLAN 3的报文通过。

[DeviceB] interface ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/4

[DeviceB-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] port link-type trunk

[DeviceB-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] undo port trunk permit vlan 1

[DeviceB-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

[DeviceB-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] port trunk pvid vlan 2

[DeviceB-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4] quit

4.4.3  关闭上行接口的STP功能

(1)      配置Device A Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1端口关闭STP功能

[DeviceA] interface ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceA-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1] undo stp enable

[DeviceA-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1] quit

(2)      配置Device B Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1端口关闭STP功能

[DeviceB] interface ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceB-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1] undo stp enable

[DeviceB-Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1] quit

4.4.4  配置上行设备Device E和Device F到VRRP组虚拟IP的静态路由

(1)      配置Device E

# 配置Device EVRRP备份组1VRRP备份组2的虚拟IP地址的静态路由。

<DeviceE> system-view

[DeviceE] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.1

[DeviceE] ip route-static 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.1

(2)      配置Device F

# 配置Device FVRRP备份组1VRRP备份组2的虚拟IP地址的静态路由。

<DeviceE> system-view

[DeviceF] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.2.1

[DeviceF] ip route-static 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.2.1

4.4.5  配置VRRP备份组

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置VRRP备份组1的虚拟IP地址为10.1.1.1,抢占延时为5s。并且VRRP备份组1Device A的优先级为110,高于Device B,成为VRRP备份组1Master

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 2

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.1

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 priority 110

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode delay 500

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface2] quit

# 配置VRRP备份组2的虚拟IP地址为10.1.2.1,抢占延时为5s。

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 3

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.1.2.1

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode delay 500

[DeviceA–Vlan-interface3] quit

(2)      配置Device B

# 配置VRRP备份组1的虚拟IP地址为10.1.1.1,抢占延时为5s。

[DeviceB] interface vlan-interface 2

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.1

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode delay 500

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface2] quit

# 配置VRRP备份组2的虚拟IP地址为10.1.2.1,抢占延时为5s。并且VRRP备份组2Device B的优先级为110,高于Device A,成为VRRP备份组2Master

[DeviceB] interface vlan-interface 3

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.1.2.1

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 2 priority 110

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode delay 500

[DeviceB–Vlan-interface3] quit

4.4.6  配置BFD功能

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置BFD echo报文方式的Source IPIP地址可以任意指定,不要与实际接口地址相同。

[DeviceA] bfd echo-source-ip 10.10.10.10

(2)      配置Device B

# 配置BFD echo报文方式的Source IPIP地址可以任意指定,不要与实际接口地址相同。

[DeviceB] bfd echo-source-ip 11.11.11.11

4.4.7  配置Track

(1)      配置Device A

# 创建和BFD会话关联的Track1,检测上行设备Device E是否可达。

[DeviceA] track 1 bfd echo interface vlan-interface 101 remote ip 1.1.1.2 local ip 1.1.1.1

# 配置备份组1监视Track1的状态,当Track项状态为Negative时,Device AVRRP备份组1中的优先级减小20,低于Device B,以便Device B抢占成为Master

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 2

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 track 1 priority reduced 20

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface2] quit

(2)      配置Device B

# 创建和BFD会话关联的Track项1,检测上行设备Device F是否可达。

[DeviceB] track 1 bfd echo interface vlan-interface 101 remote ip 1.1.2.2 local ip 1.1.2.1

# 配置备份组2监视Track1的状态,当Track项状态为Negative时,Device BVRRP备份组2中的优先级减小20,低于Device A,以便Device A抢占成为Master

[DeviceB] interface vlan-interface 3

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface3] vrrp vrid 2 track 1 priority reduced 20

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface3] quit

4.4.8  配置MSTP

(1)      配置Device A

[DeviceA] stp region-configuration

[DeviceA-mst-region] region-name vrrp

[DeviceA-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 2

[DeviceA-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 3

[DeviceA-mst-region] active region-configuration

[DeviceA-mst-region] quit

[DeviceA] stp instance 1 root primary

[DeviceA] stp instance 2 root secondary

[DeviceA] stp global enable

(2)      配置Device B

[DeviceB] stp region-configuration

[DeviceB-mst-region] region-name vrrp

[DeviceB-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 2

[DeviceB-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 3

[DeviceB-mst-region] active region-configuration

[DeviceB-mst-region] quit

[DeviceB] stp instance 2 root primary

[DeviceB] stp instance 1 root secondary

[DeviceB] stp global enable

(3)      配置L2 Switch A

<DeviceC> system-view

[SwitchA] stp region-configuration

[SwitchA-mst-region] region-name vrrp

[SwitchA-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 2

[SwitchA-mst-region] active region-configuration

[SwitchA-mst-region] quit

[SwitchA] stp global enable

(4)      配置L2 Switch B

<SwitchB> system-view

[SwitchB] stp region-configuration

[SwitchB-mst-region] region-name vrrp

[SwitchB-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 3

[SwitchB-mst-region] active region-configuration

[SwitchB-mst-region] quit

[SwitchB] stp global enable

4.5  验证配置

(1)      网关设备Device A、Device B和链路均正常工作时,验证局域网内主机是否可以与外部网络通信

# 检查区域A的主机到目的端1.1.1.2是否可达。

<host A> ping 1.1.1.2

PING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2): 56 data bytes

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=0 ttl=128 time=22.43 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=1 ttl=128 time=7.17 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=2 ttl=128 time=8.91 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=3 ttl=128 time=7.45 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=4 ttl=128 time=9.11 ms

 

--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 7.17/11.01/22.43 ms

# 检查区域B的主机到目的端1.1.2.2是否可达。

<host C> ping 1.1.2.2

PING 1.1.2.2 (1.1.2.2): 56 data bytes

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=0 ttl=128 time=22.43 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=1 ttl=128 time=7.17 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=2 ttl=128 time=8.91 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=3 ttl=128 time=7.45 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=4 ttl=128 time=9.11 ms

 

--- 1.1.2.2 ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 7.17/11.01/22.43 ms

以上显示信息表示网关设备Device A、Device B和链路均正常工作时,区域A的主机和区域B的主机都可以访问Internet

# 查看Device A上的BFD会话。

[DeviceA] display bfd session

 

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Echo Mode:

 

 LD             SourceAddr      DestAddr        State    Holdtime    Interface

 65             1.1.1.1         1.1.1.2         Up       500ms       Vlan101

以上显示信息表示BFD会话已经建立。

# 显示Device A上备份组的详细信息。

[DeviceA] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Virtual Router Information:

 Running Mode      : Standard

 Total number of virtual routers : 2

   Interface Vlan-interface2

     VRID           : 1                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Master

     Config Pri     : 110                  Running Pri  : 110

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.1.1

     Virtual MAC    : 0000-5e00-0101

     Master IP      : 10.1.1.101

   VRRP Track Information:

     Track Object   : 1                    State : Positive   Pri Reduced : 20

 

   Interface Vlan-interface3

     VRID           : 2                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Backup

     Config Pri     : 100                  Running Pri  : 100

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Become Master  : 3600ms left

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.2.1

     Master IP      : 10.1.2.102

# 显示Device B上备份组的详细信息。

[DeviceB] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Virtual Router Information:

 Running Mode      : Standard

 Total number of virtual routers : 2

   Interface Vlan-interface2

     VRID           : 1                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Backup

     Config Pri     : 100                  Running Pri  : 100

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Become Master  : 3100ms left

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.1.1

     Master IP      : 10.1.1.101

 

   Interface Vlan-interface3

     VRID           : 2                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Master

     Config Pri     : 110                  Running Pri  : 110

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.2.1

     Virtual MAC    : 0000-5e00-0102

     Master IP      : 10.1.2.102

   VRRP Track Information:

     Track Object   : 1                    State : Positive   Pri Reduced : 20

以上显示信息表示在备份组1Device AMasterDevice BBackup,缺省网关为10.1.1.1/24的主机通过Device A访问Internet;备份组2Device ABackupDevice BMaster,缺省网关为10.1.2.1/24的主机通过Device B访问Internet

(2)      Device A监视的上行设备或上行链路状态为down时,验证局域网内主机是否可以与外部网络通信

# 检查区域A的主机到目的端1.1.1.2是否可达。

<host A> ping 1.1.1.2

PING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2): 56 data bytes

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=0 ttl=128 time=22.43 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=1 ttl=128 time=7.17 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=2 ttl=128 time=8.91 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=3 ttl=128 time=7.45 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.1.2: seq=4 ttl=128 time=9.11 ms

 

--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 7.17/11.01/22.43 ms

# 检查区域B的主机到目的端1.1.1.2是否可达。

<host C> ping 1.1.2.2

PING 1.1.2.2 (1.1.2.2): 56 data bytes

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=0 ttl=128 time=22.43 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=1 ttl=128 time=7.17 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=2 ttl=128 time=8.91 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=3 ttl=128 time=7.45 ms

56 bytes from 1.1.2.2: seq=4 ttl=128 time=9.11 ms

 

--- 1.1.2.2 ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 7.17/11.01/22.43 ms

以上显示信息表示当Device A监视的上行设备或上行链路状态为down时,区域A的主机和区域B的主机都可以访问Internet

# 查看Device A上的BFD会话。

[DeviceA] display bfd session

 

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 0     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Echo Mode:

 

 LD             SourceAddr      DestAddr        State    Holdtime    Interface

 65             1.1.1.1         1.1.1.2         Down        /        Vlan101

以上显示信息表示BFD会话已经终止。

# 显示Device B上备份组的详细信息。

[DeviceB] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Virtual Router Information:

 Running Mode      : Standard

 Total number of virtual routers : 2

   Interface Vlan-interface2

     VRID           : 1                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Master

     Config Pri     : 100                  Running Pri  : 100

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.1.1

     Virtual MAC    : 0000-5e00-0101

     Master IP      : 10.1.1.102

 

   Interface Vlan-interface3

     VRID           : 2                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Master

     Config Pri     : 110                  Running Pri  : 110

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.2.1

     Virtual MAC    : 0000-5e00-0102

     Master IP      : 10.1.2.102

   VRRP Track Information:

     Track Object   : 1                    State : Positive   Pri Reduced : 20

以上显示信息表示当Device A监视的上行设备或上行链路状态为down时,Device B抢占成为VRRP备份组1的Master,VLAN 2内的主机通过Device B与外界通信。

# 当上行设备或上行链路状态恢复为UP后,查看Device A上的BFD会话。

[DeviceA] display bfd session

 

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Echo Mode:

 

 LD             SourceAddr      DestAddr        State    Holdtime    Interface

 65             1.1.1.1         1.1.1.2         Up       1000ms      Vlan101

以上显示信息表示BFD会话已经恢复。

# 当上行设备或上行链路状态恢复为UP后,显示Device A上备份组的详细信息。

[DeviceA] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Virtual Router Information:

 Running Mode      : Standard

 Total number of virtual routers : 2

   Interface Vlan-interface2

     VRID           : 1                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Master

     Config Pri     : 110                  Running Pri  : 110

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.1.1

     Virtual MAC    : 0000-5e00-0101

     Master IP      : 10.1.1.101

   VRRP Track Information:

     Track Object   : 1                    State : Positive   Pri Reduced : 20

 

   Interface Vlan-interface3

     VRID           : 2                    Adver Timer  : 100

     Admin Status   : Up                   State        : Backup

     Config Pri     : 100                  Running Pri  : 100

     Preempt Mode   : Yes                  Delay Time   : 500

     Become Master  : 3550ms left

     Auth Type      : None

     Virtual IP     : 10.1.2.1

     Master IP      : 10.1.2.102

以上显示信息表示当上行设备或上行链路状态恢复为UP后,Device A在VRRP备份组1中恢复为原来的优先级并抢占成为该备份组的Master,VLAN 2内的主机通过Device A与外界通信。

4.6  配置文件

·              Device A:

#

 bfd echo-source-ip 10.10.10.10

#

vlan 2 to 3

#

vlan 101

#

stp region-configuration

 region-name vrrp

 instance 1 vlan 2

 instance 2 vlan 3

 active region-configuration

#

 stp instance 1 root primary

 stp instance 2 root secondary

 stp global enable

#

interface Vlan-interface2

 ip address 10.1.1.101 255.255.255.0

vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.1

 vrrp vrid 1 priority 110

 vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode delay 500

 vrrp vrid 1 track 1 priority reduced 20

#

interface Vlan-interface3

 ip address 10.1.2.101 255.255.255.0

 vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.1.2.1

 vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode delay 500

#

interface Vlan-interface101

 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 101

 undo stp enable

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 2

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 3

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4

 port link-mode bridge

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

 port trunk pvid vlan 2

#

 track 1 bfd echo interface Vlan-interface101 remote ip 1.1.1.2 local ip 1.1.1.1

·              Device B:

#

 bfd echo-source-ip 11.11.11.11

#

vlan 2 to 3

#

vlan 101

#

stp region-configuration

 region-name vrrp

 instance 1 vlan 2

 instance 2 vlan 3

 active region-configuration

#

 stp instance 1 root secondary

 stp instance 2 root primary

 stp global enable

#

interface Vlan-interface2

 ip address 10.1.1.102 255.255.255.0

 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.1

 vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode delay 500

#

interface Vlan-interface3

 ip address 10.1.2.102 255.255.255.0

 vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.1.2.1

 vrrp vrid 2 priority 110

 vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode delay 500

 vrrp vrid 2 track 1 priority reduced 20

#

interface Vlan-interface101

 ip address 1.1.2.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 101

 undo stp enable

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 2

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 3

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/4

 port link-mode bridge

 port link-type trunk

 undo port trunk permit vlan 1

 port trunk permit vlan 2 to 3

 port trunk pvid vlan 2

#

 track 1 bfd echo interface Vlan-interface101 remote ip 1.1.2.2 local ip 1.1.2.1

·              L2 Switch A :

#

vlan 2

#

stp region-configuration

 region-name vrrp

 instance 1 vlan 2

 active region-configuration

#

 stp global enable

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 2

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 2

·              L2 Switch B:

#

vlan 3

#

stp region-configuration

 region-name vrrp

 instance 2 vlan 3

 active region-configuration

#

 stp global enable

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 3

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 3

·              Device E:

#

vlan 101

#

interface Vlan-interface101

 ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 101

#

 ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.1

 ip route-static 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.1

·              Device F:

#

vlan 101

#

interface Vlan-interface101

 ip address 1.1.2.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 101

#

 ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.2.1

 ip route-static 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.2.1

5  静态路由与BFD联动配置举例

5.1  组网需求

某公司内部网络如图2所示,从Device A到Device B有两条转发路径,下一跳分别为Device B和Device C。由于Device A和Device B之间物理距离较远,通过一个二层交换机L2 Switch作为中继。假设Device B不支持BFD,要求在Device A上使用静态路由与BFD联动技术,实现当Device B与二层交换机L2 Switch之间的链路出现故障(如链路down)时,Device A能快速感知,并将流量切换到Device C的链路上。

图2 静态路由与BFD联动配置组网图

 

设备

接口

IP地址

设备

接口

IP地址

Device A

Vlan-int10

192.168.10.101/24

Device B

Vlan-int10

192.168.10.102/24

 

Vlan-int20

192.168.20.101/24

 

Vlan-int30

192.168.30.101/24

 

Vlan-int40

192.168.40.101/24

 

Vlan-int50

192.168.50.101/24

Device C

Vlan-int20

192.168.20.102/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int30

192.168.30.102/24

 

 

 

 

5.2  配置思路

·              由于需要两端设备均支持BFD,才能够使用控制报文方式,本例中Device B不支持BFD,在Device A上配置的BFD功能仅能使用echo报文方式。

·              echo报文方式下必须配置echo报文的源IP地址。IP地址可以任意指定,不需要与实际接口地址对应。建议不要将echo报文的源IP地址配置为属于该设备任何一个接口所在网段,避免对端发送大量的ICMP重定向报文造成网络拥塞。

5.3  配置步骤

5.3.1  配置各接口的IP地址

(1)      配置Device A各接口的IP地址

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] vlan 10

[DeviceA-vlan10] port ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceA-vlan10] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] ip address 192.168.10.101 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      请参考以上方法配置5.1  图2中其它接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略

5.3.2  配置静态路由

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置Device A到192.168.50.0/24网段的静态路由,Device A到Device B的流量优先走Device A –> L2 Switch–> Device B链路,当此链路发生故障时,流量切换到Device A –> Device C–> Device B链路上。

[DeviceA] ip route-static 192.168.50.0 24 vlan-interface 10 192.168.10.102 bfd echo-packet

[DeviceA] ip route-static 192.168.50.0 24 vlan-interface 20 192.168.20.102 preference 65

 

(2)      配置Device B

# 配置Device B到192.168.40.0/24网段的静态路由,Device B到Device A的流量优先走Device B –> L2 Switch–> Device A链路,当此链路发生故障时,流量切换到Device B –> Device C–> Device A链路上。

[DeviceB] ip route-static 192.168.40.0 24 vlan-interface 10 192.168.10.101

[DeviceB] ip route-static 192.168.40.0 24 vlan-interface 30 192.168.30.102 preference 65

(3)      配置Device C

# 配置Device C到192.168.40.0/24和192.168.50.0/24网段的静态路由。

[DeviceC] ip route-static 192.168.40.0 24 vlan-interface 20 192.168.20.101

[DeviceC] ip route-static 192.168.50.0 24 vlan-interface 30 192.168.30.101

5.3.3  配置Device A的BFD功能

# 静态路由支持的BFD会话方式为echo报文方式,该方式下必须配置BFD echo报文的源IP地址。IP地址可以任意指定,不需要与实际接口地址对应。建议不要将BFD echo报文的源IP地址配置为属于该设备任何一个接口所在网段。

[DeviceA] bfd echo-source-ip 10.10.10.10

# 配置接口接收BFD echo报文的最小时间间隔为100ms,单跳BFD检测时间倍数为3。

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-echo-receive-interval 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 3

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

5.4  验证配置

(1)      Device A和Device B设备及之间的链路均正常工作时

# 在Device A查看静态路由信息。

[DeviceA] display ip routing-table protocol static

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Static Routing table Status : <Active>

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination/Mask    Proto  Pre  Cost         NextHop         Interface

Static Routing table Status : <Inactive>

Summary Count : 0

以上显示信息表示Device A经过L2 Switch到达Device B

# 查看BFD会话。

[DeviceA] display bfd session

 

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Echo Mode:

 

 LD/RD          SourceAddr      DestAddr        State    Holdtime    Interface

 67             192.168.10.101  192.168.10.102  Up       300ms       Vlan10

以上显示信息表示BFD会话已经创建。

(2)      Device B与L2 Switch之间的链路出现故障时

# 查看静态路由。

[DeviceA] display ip routing-table protocol static

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Static Routing table Status : <Active>

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination/Mask    Proto  Pre  Cost         NextHop         Interface

192.168.50.0/24     Static 65   0            192.168.20.102  Vlan20

 

Static Routing table Status : <Inactive>

Summary Count : 0

以上显示信息表示Device A经过Device C到达Device B

5.5  配置文件

·              Device A:

#

 bfd echo-source-ip 10.10.10.10

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 40

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 192.168.10.101 255.255.255.0

 bfd min-echo-receive-interval 100

 bfd detect-multiplier 3

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 192.168.20.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface40

 ip address 192.168.40.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 40

#

 ip route-static 192.168.50.0 24 Vlan-interface10 192.168.10.102 bfd echo-packet

 ip route-static 192.168.50.0 24 Vlan-interface20 192.168.20.102 preference 65

#

·              Device B:

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 30

#

vlan 50

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 192.168.10.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 192.168.30.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface50

 ip address 192.168.50.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 50

#

 ip route-static 192.168.40.0 24 Vlan-interface10 192.168.10.101

 ip route-static 192.168.40.0 24 Vlan-interface30 192.168.30.102 preference 65

#

·              Device C:

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 30

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 192.168.20.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 192.168.30.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

 ip route-static 192.168.40.0 24 Vlan-interface20 192.168.20.101

 ip route-static 192.168.50.0 24 Vlan-interface30 192.168.30.101

#

6  RIP与BFD联动配置举例

6.1  组网需求

图3所示,某公司通过一台二层交换机作为中继将两个相距较远的部门连接。Device A、Device B、Device C上运行RIP,建立RIP邻居关系,保证网络层相互可达。

公司希望在Device A上使用RIP与BFD联动技术,实现当Device C与二层交换机之间的链路出现故障(如链路down)时,BFD能够快速感知并通告RIP协议。

已知Device C不支持BFD功能,公司希望使用RIP与BFD联动技术,采用BFD echo报文方式实现当Device A或Device C与二层交换机之间的链路出现故障时,BFD能够快速感知并通告RIP协议。

现要求通过在Device A和Device C上配置RIP与BFD联动功能,实现:

·              监测通过L2 Switch通信的链路;

·              当链路出现故障时设备能够快速感知并通告RIP协议,快速切换到Device B链路进行通信。

图3 RIP与BFD联动配置组网图

 

设备

接口

IP地址

设备

接口

IP地址

Device A

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.101/24

Device B

Vlan-int20

192.168.0.102/24

 

Vlan-int20

192.168.0.101/24

 

Vlan-int30

13.1.1.101/24

 

Vlan-int100

120.1.1.1/24

 

 

 

Device C

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.102/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int30

13.1.1.102/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int100

121.1.1.1/24

 

 

 

 

6.2  配置思路

·              由于需要两端设备均支持BFD,才能够使用控制报文方式,本例中Device C不支持BFD,在Device A上配置的BFD功能仅能使用echo报文方式。

·              echo报文方式下必须配置echo报文的源IP地址。IP地址可以任意指定,不需要与实际接口地址对应。建议不要将echo报文的源IP地址配置为属于该设备任何一个接口所在网段,避免对端发送大量的ICMP重定向报文造成网络拥塞。

6.3  配置步骤

6.3.1  配置各接口的IP地址

(1)      配置Device A各接口的IP地址

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] vlan 10

[DeviceA-vlan10] port ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceA-vlan10] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] ip address 10.1.0.101 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      请参考以上方法配置6.1  图3中其它接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略

6.3.2  配置RIP基本功能

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置Device A的RIP基本功能,引入直连路由,并使能RIP的BFD功能。

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] rip 1

[DeviceA-rip-1] version 2

[DeviceA-rip-1] undo summary

[DeviceA-rip-1] network 10.1.0.0

[DeviceA-rip-1] network 192.168.0.0

[DeviceA-rip-1] import-route direct

[DeviceA-rip-1] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] rip bfd enable

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      配置Device B

# 配置Device B的RIP基本功能,引入直连路由。

<DeviceB> system-view

[DeviceB] rip 1

[DeviceB-rip-1] version 2

[DeviceB-rip-1] undo summary

[DeviceB-rip-1] network 192.168.0.0

[DeviceB-rip-1] network 13.1.1.0

[DeviceB-rip-1] import-route direct

[DeviceB-rip-1] quit

(3)      配置Device C

# 配置Device C的RIP基本功能,引入直连路由。

<DeviceC> system-view

[DeviceC] rip 1

[DeviceC-rip-1] version 2

[DeviceC-rip-1] undo summary

[DeviceC-rip-1] network 10.1.0.0

[DeviceC-rip-1] network 13.1.1.0

[DeviceC-rip-1] import-route direct

[DeviceC-rip-1] quit

6.3.3  配置Device A的BFD参数

# RIP支持的BFD会话方式为echo报文方式,该方式下必须配置BFD echo报文的源IP地址。IP地址可以任意指定,不需要与实际接口地址对应。建议不要将BFD echo报文的源IP地址配置为属于该设备任何一个接口所在网段。

[DeviceA] bfd echo-source-ip 11.11.11.11

# 配置接口接收BFD echo报文的最小时间间隔为100ms,单跳BFD检测时间倍数为3。

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-echo-receive-interval 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 3

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

6.4  验证配置

# 查看Device A上BFD会话信息,显示BFD会话已被创建,且状态为Up。

[DeviceA] display bfd session verbose

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Echo Mode:

       Local Discr: 2049

         Source IP: 10.1.0.101         Destination IP: 10.1.0.102

     Session State: Up                      Interface: Vlan-interface10

         Hold Time: 300ms                Act Tx Inter: 100ms

      Min Rx Inter: 100ms                Detect Inter: 300ms

          Rx Count: 0                        Tx Count: 910

      Connect Type: Direct             Running Up for: 00:00:46

       Detect Mode: Async                        Slot: 0

          Protocol: RIP

         Diag Info: No Diagnostic

# 查看Device A上学到的路由121.1.1.0/24,可以看到Device A经过L2 Switch到达Device C

<DeviceA> display ip routing-table 121.1.1.0 24 verbose

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination: 121.1.1.0/24

   Protocol: RIP             Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 04h20m37s

       Cost: 1               Preference: 100

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NBRID: 0x26000002          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 10.1.0.102

      Flags: 0x1008c        OrigNextHop: 10.1.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 10.1.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface10

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

# Device C和二层交换机之间的链路发生故障,BFD快速检测到链路发生变化并立刻通告RIP

%Oct  9 18:42:17:650 2013 Device A BFD/5/BFD_CHANGE_FSM: -MDC=1;Sess[10.1.0.101/10.1.0.102, LD/RD:2049/2049, Interface:Vlan10, SessType:Echo, LinkType:INET] , Sta: UP-> DOWN, Diag:1

# 查看Device A上学到的路由121.1.1.0/24,可以看到Device A经过Device B到达Device C。

<DeviceA> display ip routing-table 121.1.1.0 24 verbose

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination: 121.1.1.0/24

   Protocol: RIP             Process ID: 2

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 04h20m37s

       Cost: 2               Preference: 100

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NBRID: 0x26000002          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 192.168.0.102

      Flags: 0x1008c        OrigNextHop: 192.168.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 192.168.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface20

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

6.5  配置文件

·              Device A:

#

 bfd echo-source-ip 11.11.11.11

#

rip 1

 undo summary

 version 2

 network 10.0.0.0

network 192.168.0.0

 import-route direct

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.101 255.255.255.0

bfd min-transmit-interval 100

 bfd min-receive-interval 100

 bfd detect-multiplier 3

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 192.168.0.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 120.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

·              Device B:

#

rip 1

 undo summary

 version 2

 network 192.168.0.0

network 13.1.1.0

 import-route direct

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 30

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 192.168.0.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 13.1.1.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

·              Device C:

#

rip 1

 undo summary

 version 2

 network 10.1.0.0

network 13.1.1.0

 import-route direct

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 30

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 13.1.1.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 121.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

7  OSPF与BFD联动配置举例

7.1  组网需求

图4所示,某公司通过一台二层交换机作为中继将两个相距较远的部门连接。Device A、Device B、Device C上运行OSPF,建立OSPF邻居关系,保证网络层相互可达。

已知Device A和Device C都支持BFD功能,要求使用OSPF与BFD联动技术,采用BFD控制报文方式实现当Device A或Device C与二层交换机之间的链路出现故障(如链路down)时,BFD能够快速感知并通告OSPF协议。

现要求通过在Device A和Device C上配置OSPF与BFD联动功能,实现:

·              监测通过L2 Switch通信的链路;

·              当链路出现故障时设备能够快速感知并通告OSPF协议,快速切换到Device B链路进行通信。

图4 OSPF与BFD联动配置组网图

 

设备

接口

IP地址

设备

接口

IP地址

Device A

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.101/24

Device B

Vlan-int20

192.168.0.102/24

 

Vlan-int20

192.168.0.101/24

 

Vlan-int30

13.1.1.101/24

 

Vlan-int100

120.1.1.1/24

 

 

 

Device C

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.102/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int30

13.1.1.102/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int100

121.1.1.1/24

 

 

 

 

7.2  配置思路

Device A和Device C都支持BFD,可以使用BFD控制报文方式,通信双方至少要有一方运行在主动模式才能成功建立起BFD会话。

7.3  配置步骤

7.3.1  配置各接口的IP地址

(1)      配置Device A各接口的IP地址

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] vlan 10

[DeviceA-vlan10] port ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceA-vlan10] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] ip address 10.1.0.101 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      请参考以上方法配置7.1  图4中其它接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略

7.3.2  配置OSPF基本功能

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置Device A的OSPF基本功能,并使能OSPF的BFD功能。

[DeviceA] ospf

[DeviceA-ospf-1] area 0

[DeviceA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 120.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[DeviceA-ospf-1] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] ospf bfd enable

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      配置Device B

# 配置Device B的OSPF基本功能。

[DeviceB] ospf

[DeviceB-ospf-1] area 0

[DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[DeviceB-ospf-1] quit

(3)      配置Device C

# 配置Device C的OSPF基本功能,并使能OSPF的BFD功能。

[DeviceC] ospf

[DeviceC-ospf-1] area 0

[DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 121.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[DeviceC-ospf-1] quit

[DeviceC] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] ospf bfd enable

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] quit

7.3.3  配置BFD功能

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置BFD会话建立前的运行模式为主动模式(缺省为主动模式)。

[DeviceA] bfd session init-mode active

# 配置发送和接收单跳BFD控制报文的最小时间间隔都为100ms,单跳BFD检测时间倍数为3。

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 3

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      配置Device C

# 配置BFD会话建立前的运行模式为主动模式(缺省为主动模式)。

[DeviceC] bfd session init-mode active

# 配置发送和接收单跳BFD控制报文的最小时间间隔都为100ms,单跳BFD检测时间倍数为3。

[DeviceC] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 100

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 100

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 3

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] quit

验证配置

# 检查Device A连接的主机host A(120.1.1.2)到Device C连接的主机host C(121.1.1.2)是否可达。

<host A> ping 121.1.1.2

PING 121.1.1.2 (121.1.1.2): 56 data bytes

56 bytes from 121.1.1.2: seq=0 ttl=128 time=22.43 ms

56 bytes from 121.1.1.2: seq=1 ttl=128 time=7.17 ms

56 bytes from 121.1.1.2: seq=2 ttl=128 time=8.91 ms

56 bytes from 121.1.1.2: seq=3 ttl=128 time=7.45 ms

56 bytes from 121.1.1.2: seq=4 ttl=128 time=9.11 ms

 

--- 121.1.1.2 ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 7.17/11.01/22.43 ms

# 查看Device A 上OSPF邻居信息,显示Device A和Device C已建立OSPF邻居关系。

[DeviceA] display ospf peer verbose

 

          OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2

                  Neighbors

 

 Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.1.0.101(Vlan-interface10)'s neighbors

 Router ID: 1.1.1.1          Address: 10.1.0.102       GR State: Normal

   State: Full  Mode: Nbr is Slave  Priority: 1

   DR: 10.1.0.101  BDR: 10.1.0.102  MTU: 0

   Options is 0x42 (-|O|-|-|-|-|E|-)

   Dead timer due in 39  sec

   Neighbor is up for 00:09:01

   Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

   Neighbor state change count: 5

   BFD status: Enabled(Control mode)

# 查看 Device A和Device C上BFD会话信息,显示BFD会话已被创建,且状态为Up。

[DeviceA] display bfd session verbose

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Ctrl Mode:

       Local Discr: 2049                 Remote Discr: 2049

         Source IP: 10.1.0.101         Destination IP: 10.1.0.102

     Session State: Up                      Interface: Vlan-interface10

      Min Tx Inter: 100ms                Act Tx Inter: 100ms

  Min Rx Inter: 100ms                Detect Inter: 300ms

  Rx Count: 536                      Tx Count: 536

      Connect Type: Direct             Running Up for: 00:04:48

         Hold Time: 300ms                   Auth mode: None

  Detect Mode: Async                        Slot: 0

          Protocol: OSPF

         Diag Info: No Diagnostic

[DeviceC] display bfd session verbose

 Total Session Num: 1    Up Session Num: 1    Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Ctrl Mode:

       Local Discr: 2049                 Remote Discr: 2049

         Source IP: 10.1.0.102         Destination IP: 10.1.0.101

     Session State: Up                      Interface: Vlan-interface10

      Min Tx Inter: 100ms                Act Tx Inter: 100ms

      Min Rx Inter: 100ms                Detect Inter: 300ms

          Rx Count: 3971                     Tx Count: 3776

      Connect Type: Direct             Running Up for: 00:06:52

         Hold Time: 300ms                   Auth mode: None

       Detect Mode: Async                        Slot: 0

          Protocol: OSPF

         Diag Info: No Diagnostic

# Device A上查看121.1.1.0/24的路由信息,可以看出Device ADevice C是通过L2 Switch进行通信的。

<DeviceA> display ip routing-table 121.1.1.0 verbose

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination: 121.1.1.0/24

   Protocol: OSPF            Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 04h20m37s

       Cost: 1               Preference: 10

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NBRID: 0x26000002          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 0.0.0.0

      Flags: 0x1008c        OrigNextHop: 10.1.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 10.1.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface10

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

# Device C和二层交换机之间的链路状态变为Down,BFD快速检测到链路发生变化并立刻通告OSPF

%Oct  9 15:22:23:154 2013 DeviceC BFD/5/BFD_CHANGE_FSM: -MDC=1; Sess[10.1.0.1

02/10.1.0.101, LD/RD:2049/2049, Interface:Vlan10, SessType:Ctrl, LinkType:INET] ,

 Sta: UP-> DOWN, Diag: 1

%Oct  9 15:22:23:155 2013 DeviceC OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: -MDC=1; OSPF 1 Neighbor 10.1

.0.101(Vlan-interface10) from FULL to DOWN.

# 在Device A上查看121.1.1.0/24的路由信息,可以看出Device A和Device C已经切换到Device B进行通信。

<DeviceA> display ip routing-table 121.1.1.0 verbose

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination: 121.1.1.0/24

   Protocol: OSPF            Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 04h20m37s

       Cost: 2               Preference: 10

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NBRID: 0x26000002          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 0.0.0.0

      Flags: 0x1008c        OrigNextHop: 192.168.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 192.168.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface20

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

7.4  配置文件

·              Device A:

#

ospf 1

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

  network 120.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

  network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.101 255.255.255.0

 ospf bfd enable

 bfd min-transmit-interval 100

 bfd min-receive-interval 100

 bfd detect-multiplier 3

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 192.168.0.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 120.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

·              Device B:

#

ospf 1

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

  network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 30

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 192.168.0.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 13.1.1.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

·              Device C:

#

ospf 1

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

  network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

  network 121.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 30

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.102 255.255.255.0

 ospf bfd enable

 bfd min-transmit-interval 100

 bfd min-receive-interval 100

 bfd detect-multiplier 3

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 13.1.1.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 121.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

8  IS-IS与BFD联动配置举例

8.1  组网需求

图5所示,某公司通过一台二层交换机作为中继将两个相距较远的部门连接。Device A、Device B、Device C上运行IS-IS,建立IS-IS邻居关系,保证网络层相互可达。

已知Device A和Device C都支持BFD功能,公司希望使用IS-IS与BFD联动技术,采用BFD控制报文方式实现当Device A或Device C与二层交换机之间的链路出现故障(如链路down)时,BFD能够快速感知并通告IS-IS协议。

现要求通过在Device A和Device C上配置IS-IS与BFD联动功能,实现:

·              监测通过L2 Switch通信的链路;

·              当链路出现故障时设备能够快速感知并通告IS-IS协议,快速切换到Device B链路进行通信。

图5 IS-IS与BFD联动配置组网图

 

设备

接口

IP地址

设备

接口

IP地址

Device A

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.101/24

Device B

Vlan-int20

192.168.0.102/24

 

Vlan-int20

192.168.0.101/24

 

Vlan-int30

13.1.1.101/24

 

Vlan-int100

120.1.1.1/24

 

 

 

Device C

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.102/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int30

13.1.1.102/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int100

121.1.1.1/24

 

 

 

 

8.2  配置思路

Device A和Device C都支持BFD,可以使用BFD控制报文方式,通信双方至少要有一方运行在主动模式才能成功建立起BFD会话。

8.3  配置步骤

8.3.1  配置各接口的IP地址

(1)      配置Device A各接口的IP地址

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] vlan 10

[DeviceA-vlan10] port ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceA-vlan10] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] ip address 10.1.0.101 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      请参考以上方法配置图5中其它接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略

8.3.2  配置IS-IS基本功能

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置Device A的IS-IS基本功能,并使能IS-IS的BFD功能。

[DeviceA] isis

[DeviceA-isis-1] network-entity 10.0000.0000.0001.00

[DeviceA-isis-1] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 20

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface20] isis enable

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface20] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] isis enable

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] isis bfd enable

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      配置Device B

# 配置Device B的IS-IS基本功能。

[DeviceB] isis

[DeviceB-isis-1] network-entity 10.0000.0000.0003.00

[DeviceB-isis-1] quit

[DeviceB] interface vlan-interface 20

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface20] isis enable

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface20] quit

[DeviceB] interface vlan-interface 30

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface30] isis enable

[DeviceB-Vlan-interface30] quit

(3)      配置Device C

# 配置Device C的IS-IS基本功能,并使能IS-IS的BFD功能。

[DeviceC] isis

[DeviceC-isis-1] network-entity 10.0000.0000.0002.00

[DeviceC-isis-1] quit

[DeviceC] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] isis enable

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] isis bfd enable

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] quit

[DeviceC] interface vlan 30

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface30] isis enable

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface30] quit

8.3.3  配置BFD功能

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置BFD会话建立前的运行模式为主动模式(缺省为主动模式)。

[DeviceA] bfd session init-mode active

# 配置发送和接收单跳BFD控制报文的最小时间间隔都为100ms,单跳BFD检测时间倍数为3。

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 10

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 3

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface10] quit

(2)      配置Device C

# 配置BFD会话建立前的运行模式为主动模式(缺省为主动模式)。

[DeviceC] bfd session init-mode active

# 配置发送和接收单跳BFD控制报文的最小时间间隔都为100ms,单跳BFD检测时间倍数为3。

[DeviceC] interface vlan 10

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 100

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 100

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 3

[DeviceC-Vlan-interface10] quit

8.4  验证配置

# 查看Device A上IS-IS邻居信息,显示Device A和Device C已建立IS-IS邻居关系。

[DeviceA] display isis peer verbose

 

                         Peer information for IS-IS(1)

                         -----------------------------

 

 System ID: 0000.0000.0002

 Interface: Vlan10                  Circuit Id:  0000.0000.0002.01

 State: Up     HoldTime: 6s         Type: L1(L1L2)     PRI: 64

 Area address(es): 00

 Peer IP address(es): 10.1.0.102

 Peer local circuit ID: 1

 Peer circuit SNPA address: ce9d-d91d-d100

 Uptime: 00:01:19

 Adj protocol:  IPv4

 Graceful Restart capable

   Restarting signal: No

   Suppress adjacency advertisement: No

 Local topology:

   0

 Remote topology:

   0

# 查看Device A和Device C上BFD会话信息,显示BFD会话已被创建,且状态为Up。

[DeviceA] display bfd session verbose

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Ctrl Mode:

       Local Discr: 2049                 Remote Discr: 2049

         Source IP: 10.1.0.101         Destination IP: 10.1.0.102

     Session State: Up                      Interface: Vlan-interface10

      Min Tx Inter: 100ms                Act Tx Inter: 100ms

      Min Rx Inter: 100ms                Detect Inter: 300ms

          Rx Count: 3                        Tx Count: 3

      Connect Type: Direct             Running Up for: 00:06:09

         Hold Time: 300ms                   Auth mode: None

       Detect Mode: Async                        Slot: 0

          Protocol: ISIS_BR_L1/ISIS_BR_L2

         Diag Info: No Diagnostic

[DeviceC] display bfd session verbose

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Ctrl Mode:

       Local Discr: 2049                 Remote Discr: 2049

         Source IP: 10.1.0.102         Destination IP: 10.1.0.101

     Session State: Up                      Interface: Vlan-interface10

      Min Tx Inter: 100ms                Act Tx Inter: 100ms

      Min Rx Inter: 100ms                Detect Inter: 300ms

          Rx Count: 3                        Tx Count: 3

      Connect Type: Direct             Running Up for: 00:07:10

         Hold Time: 300ms                   Auth mode: None

       Detect Mode: Async                        Slot: 0

          Protocol: ISIS_BR_L1/ISIS_BR_L2

         Diag Info: No Diagnostic

# 在Device A上查看121.1.1.0/24的路由信息,可以看出Device A和Device C是通过L2 Switch进行通信的。

<DeviceA> display ip routing-table 121.1.1.0 verbose

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination: 121.1.1.0/24

   Protocol: isis            Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 04h20m37s

       Cost: 20              Preference: 15

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x2                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NBRID: 0x26000002          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 0.0.0.0

      Flags: 0x1008c        OrigNextHop: 10.1.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 10.1.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface10

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

# 当Device C和二层交换机之间的链路Down了,BFD快速检测到链路发生变化并立刻通告IS-IS

%Oct  9 16:11:24:163 2013 DeviceC BFD/5/BFD_CHANGE_FSM: -MDC=1; Sess[10.1.0.102/10.1.0.101, LD/RD:2049/2049, Interface:Vlan10, SessType:Ctrl, LinkType:INET] , S

ta: UP-> DOWN, Diag: 1

%Oct  9 16:11:24:164 2013 DeviceC ISIS/5/ISIS_NBR_CHG: -MDC=1; IS-IS 1, Level-1 adj

acency 0000.0000.0001 (Vlan-interface10), state change to: DOWN.

%Oct  9 16:11:24:164 2013 DeviceC ISIS/5/ISIS_NBR_CHG: -MDC=1; IS-IS 1, Level-2 adj

acency 0000.0000.0001 (Vlan-interface10), state change to: DOWN.

# 在Device A上查看121.1.1.0/24的路由信息,可以看出Device A和Device C已经切换到Device B进行通信。

<DeviceA> display ip routing-table 121.1.1.0 verbose

 

Summary Count : 1

 

Destination: 121.1.1.0/24

   Protocol: OSPF            Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 04h20m37s

       Cost: 2               Preference: 10

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NBRID: 0x26000002          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 0.0.0.0

      Flags: 0x1008c        OrigNextHop: 192.168.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 192.168.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface20

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

8.5  配置文件

·              Device A:

#

isis 1

 network-entity 10.0000.0000.0001.00

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.101 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

 isis bfd enable

 bfd min-transmit-interval 100

 bfd min-receive-interval 100

 bfd detect-multiplier 3

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 192.168.0.101 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 120.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

·              Device B:

#

isis 1

 network-entity 10.0000.0000.0003.00

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 30

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 192.168.0.102 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 13.1.1.101 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

·              Device C:

#

isis 1

 network-entity 10.0000.0000.0002.00

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 30

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.102 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

 isis bfd enable

 bfd min-transmit-interval 100

 bfd min-receive-interval 100

 bfd detect-multiplier 3

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 13.1.1.102 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 121.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

9  BGP与BFD联动配置举例

9.1  组网需求

图6所示,某公司的两个部门相距较远,Device A和Device F分别作为这两个部门的出口设备,现通过部署BGP,使两个部门可以进行业务通信。已知Device B和Device D都支持BFD功能,公司希望使用BGP与BFD联动技术,采用BFD控制报文方式检测AS 200与AS 300之间通信的主链路状态,实现当Device B或Device D之间的链路出现故障(如链路down)时,BFD能够快速感知并通告BGP协议。具体要求如下:

·              在AS 100内使用OSPF作为IGP;

·              配置Device B<->Device C<->Device D链路作为主链路,负责转发Device A和Device F之间的流量,并采用BFD控制报文的方式检测主链路;

·              当主链路发生故障时,BFD能够快速检测并通告BGP协议,使得迅速切换到Device B<->Device E<->Device D这条路径进行通信。

图6 BGP与BFD联动配置组网图

 

设备

接口

IP地址

设备

接口

IP地址

Device A

Vlan-int100

120.1.0.1/24

Device D

Vlan-int20

10.2.0.101/24

Device B

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.101/24

 

Vlan-int40

13.1.1.101/24

 

Vlan-int30

192.168.0.101/24

 

Vlan-int100

120.2.0.2/24

 

Vlan-int100

120.1.0.2/24

Device E

Vlan-int30

192.168.0.102/24

Device C

Vlan-int10

10.1.0.102/24

 

Vlan-int40

13.1.1.102/24

 

Vlan-int20

10.2.0.102/24

Device F

Vlan-int100

120.2.0.1/24

 

9.2  配置思路

·              Device B和Device D都支持BFD,可以使用BFD控制报文方式,通信双方至少要有一方运行在主动模式才能成功建立起BFD会话。

·              为了使Device B<->Device C<->Device D成为主链路,需要通过路由策略配置其路由开销低于链路Device B<->Device E<->Device D的路由开销。

9.3  配置步骤

9.3.1  配置各接口的IP地址

(1)      配置Device A各接口的IP地址

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] vlan 100

[DeviceA-vlan100] port ten-gigabitethernet 3/0/1

[DeviceA-vlan100] quit

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface100] ip address 120.1.0.1 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface100] quit

(2)      请参考以上方法配置9.1  图6中其它接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略

9.3.2  在AS 100内配置OSPF功能,保证设备间路由可达

(1)      配置Device B

[DeviceB] ospf

[DeviceB-ospf-1] import-route direct

[DeviceB-ospf-1] area 0

[DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[DeviceB-ospf-1] quit

(2)      配置Device C

[DeviceC] ospf

[DeviceC-ospf-1] area 0

[DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[DeviceC-ospf-1] quit

(3)      配置Device D

[DeviceD] ospf

[DeviceD-ospf-1] import-route direct

[DeviceD-ospf-1] area 0

[DeviceD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[DeviceD-ospf-1] quit

(4)      配置Device E

[DeviceE] ospf

[DeviceE-ospf-1] area 0

[DeviceE-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceE-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceE-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[DeviceE-ospf-1] quit

9.3.3  配置BGP功能

(1)      配置Device A

# 启动BGP,指定本地AS号为200。

[DeviceA] bgp 200

[DeviceA-bgp] router-id 1.1.1.1

# 配置Device A和Device B建立EBGP连接。

[DeviceA-bgp] peer 120.1.0.2 as-number 100

# 创建BGP IPv4单播地址族,并进入BGP IPv4单播地址族视图。

[DeviceA-bgp] address-family ipv4 unicast

# 在BGP IPv4单播地址族视图下,将本地路由表中到达120.1.0.0/24网段的路由添加到BGP路由表中。

[DeviceA-bgp-ipv4] network 120.1.0.0 255.255.255.0

# 使能Device A与对等体120.1.0.2交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceA-bgp-ipv4] peer 120.1.0.2 enable

[DeviceA-bgp-ipv4] quit

(2)      配置Device B

# 启动BGP,指定本地AS号为100。

[DeviceB] bgp 100

[DeviceB-bgp] router-id 2.2.2.2

# 配置Device B和Device A建立EBGP连接。

[DeviceB-bgp] peer 120.1.0.1 as-number 200

# 配置Device B和Device D建立IBGP连接。

[DeviceB-bgp] peer 10.2.0.101 as-number 100

[DeviceB-bgp] peer 13.1.1.101 as-number 100

# 创建BGP IPv4单播地址族,并进入BGP IPv4单播地址族视图。

[DeviceB-bgp] address-family ipv4 unicast

# 使能Device B与对等体10.2.0.101交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] peer 10.2.0.101 enable

# 在BGP IPv4单播地址族视图下,配置向对等体10.2.0.101发布BGP路由时,将下一跳属性修改为自身的地址。

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] peer 10.2.0.101 next-hop-local

# 使能Device B与对等体13.1.1.101交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] peer 13.1.1.101 enable

# 在BGP IPv4单播地址族视图下,配置向对等体13.1.1.101发布BGP路由时,将下一跳属性修改为自身的地址。

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] peer 13.1.1.101 next-hop-local

# 使能Device B与对等体120.1.0.1交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] peer 120.1.0.1 enable

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] quit

(3)      配置Device D

# 启动BGP,指定本地AS号为100。

[DeviceD] bgp 100

[DeviceD-bgp] router-id 4.4.4.4

# 配置Device D和Device B建立IBGP连接。

[DeviceD-bgp] peer 10.1.0.101 as-number 100

[DeviceD-bgp] peer 192.168.0.101 as-number 100

# 配置Device D和Device F建立EBGP连接。

[DeviceD-bgp] peer 120.2.0.1 as-number 300

# 创建BGP IPv4单播地址族,并进入BGP IPv4单播地址族视图。

[DeviceD-bgp] address-family ipv4 unicast

# 使能Device D与对等体10.1.0.101交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] peer 10.1.0.101 enable

# 在BGP IPv4单播地址族视图下,配置向对等体10.1.0.101发布BGP路由时,将下一跳属性修改为自身的地址。

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] peer 10.1.0.101 next-hop-local

# 使能Device D与对等体192.168.0.101交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] peer 192.168.0.101 enable

# 在BGP IPv4单播地址族视图下,配置向对等体192.168.0.101发布BGP路由时,将下一跳属性修改为自身的地址。

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] peer 192.168.0.101 next-hop-local

# 使能Device D与对等体120.2.0.1交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] peer 120.2.0.1 enable

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] quit

(4)      配置Device F

#启动BGP,指定本地AS号为300。

[DeviceF] bgp 300

[DeviceF-bgp] router-id 6.6.6.6

# 配置Device F和Device D建立EBGP连接。

[DeviceF-bgp] peer 120.2.0.2 as-number 100

# 创建BGP IPv4单播地址族,并进入BGP IPv4单播地址族视图。

[DeviceF-bgp] address-family ipv4 unicast

# 在BGP IPv4单播地址族视图下,将本地路由表中到达120.2.0.0/24网段的路由添加到BGP路由表中。

[DeviceF-bgp-ipv4] network 120.2.0.0 255.255.255.0

# 使能Device F与对等体120.2.0.2交换IPv4单播路由信息的能力。

[DeviceF-bgp-ipv4] peer 120.2.0.2 enable

[DeviceF-bgp-ipv4] quit

9.3.4  配置路由策略

(1)      配置Device B

# 创建ACL 2000,允许源IP地址为120.1.0.0/24的报文通过。

[DeviceB] acl number 2000

[DeviceB-acl-basic-2000] rule permit source 120.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceB-acl-basic-2000] quit

# 配置向对等体10.2.0.101发布的路由设置本地优先级为200,并配置IBGP路由优先级为100。

[DeviceB] route-policy local-pre permit node 10

[DeviceB-route-policy-local-pre] if-match ip address acl 2000

[DeviceB-route-policy-local-pre] apply local-preference 200

[DeviceB-route-policy-local-pre] quit

[DeviceB] bgp 100

[DeviceB-bgp] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] peer 10.2.0.101 route-policy local-pre export

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] preference 255 100 130

[DeviceB-bgp-ipv4] quit

(2)      配置Device D

# 创建ACL 2000,允许源IP地址为120.2.0.0/24的报文通过。

[DeviceD] acl number 2000

[DeviceD-acl-basic-2000] rule permit source 120.2.0.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceD-acl-basic-2000] quit

# 配置向对等体10.1.0.101发布的路由设置本地优先级为200,并配置IBGP路由优先级为100。

[DeviceD] route-policy local-pre permit node 10

[DeviceD-route-policy-local-pre] if-match ip address acl 2000

[DeviceD-route-policy-local-pre] apply local-preference 200

[DeviceD-route-policy-local-pre] quit

[DeviceD] bgp 100

[DeviceD-bgp] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] peer 10.1.0.101 route-policy local-pre export

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] preference 255 100 130

[DeviceD-bgp-ipv4] quit

9.3.5  配置BFD功能

(1)      配置Device B

[DeviceB] bgp 100

[DeviceB-bgp] peer 10.2.0.101 bfd

[DeviceB-bgp] quit

(2)      配置Device D

[DeviceD] bgp 100

[DeviceD-bgp] peer 10.1.0.101 bfd

[DeviceD-bgp] quit

9.4  验证配置

# 从Device A上ping Device F的IP地址,可以互通。

[DeviceA] ping 120.2.0.1

Ping 120.2.0.1 (120.2.0.1): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=252 time=1.189 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=252 time=1.095 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=252 time=1.086 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=252 time=1.097 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=252 time=1.089 ms

 

--- Ping statistics for 120.2.0.1 ---

5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.086/1.111/1.189/0.039 ms

# 在Device B上通过命令display bgp peer查看BGP对等体信息,可以看到Device B与Device D建立IBGP连接,Device B与Device A建立EBGP连接,且均处于Established状态。

[DeviceB] display bgp peer ipv4

 

 BGP local router ID: 2.2.2.2

 Local AS number: 100

 Total number of peers: 3                  Peers in established state: 3

 

  Peer                    AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent OutQ PrefRcv Up/Down  State

 

  10.2.0.101             100        6        4    0       1 00:00:56 Established

  13.1.1.101             100        6        5    0       1 00:00:56 Established

  120.1.0.1              200        6        5    0       1 00:00:56 Established

# 查看Device B上BFD会话信息,显示BFD会话已被创建,且状态为Up。

[DeviceB] display bfd session verbose

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 0     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Ctrl Mode:

       Local Discr: 2049                 Remote Discr: 0

         Source IP: 10.1.0.101         Destination IP: 10.2.0.101

     Session State: UP                      Interface: N/A

      Min Tx Inter: 400ms               Act Tx Inter: 400ms

      Min Rx Inter: 400ms               Detect Inter: 2000ms

          Rx Count: 0                        Tx Count: 910

      Connect Type: Indirect           Running Up for: 00:00:00

         Hold Time: 0ms                     Auth mode: None

       Detect Mode: Async                        Slot: 0

          Protocol: BGP

         Diag Info: No Diagnostic

# 在Device B上查看120.2.0.0/24的路由信息,可以看出Device B通过Device B<->Device C<->Device D这条路径与120.2.0.0/24网段通信。

[DeviceB] display ip routing-table 120.2.0.0 24 verbose

 

Summary Count : 3

 

Destination: 120.2.0.0/24

   Protocol: BGP             Process ID: 0

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 00h24m48s

       Cost: 0               Preference: 100

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 300

      NibID: 0x15000001          LastAs: 300

     AttrID: 0x1               Neighbor: 10.2.0.101

      Flags: 0x10060        OrigNextHop: 10.2.0.101

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 10.1.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface10

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

 

Destination: 120.2.0.0/24

   Protocol: OSPF            Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x8                    Age: 00h26m19s

       Cost: 1               Preference: 150

        Tag: 1                    State: Inactive Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NibID: 0x13000005          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 0.0.0.0

      Flags: 0x41           OrigNextHop: 10.1.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 10.1.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface10

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

 

Destination: 120.2.0.0/24

   Protocol: OSPF            Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x8                    Age: 00h26m19s

       Cost: 1               Preference: 150

        Tag: 1                    State: Inactive Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NibID: 0x13000003          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 0.0.0.0

      Flags: 0x41           OrigNextHop: 192.168.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 192.168.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface30

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

# 在Device B<->Device C<->Device D链路发生故障后,从Device A上ping Device F的IP地址,可以互通。

<DeviceA> ping 120.2.0.1

Ping 120.1.0.1 (120.2.0.1): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=252 time=0.680 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=252 time=0.295 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=252 time=0.423 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=252 time=0.464 ms

56 bytes from 120.2.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=252 time=0.445 ms

 

--- Ping statistics for 120.2.0.1 ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0.0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.295/0.461/0.680/0.124 ms

# 在Device B上查看120.2.0.0/24的路由信息,可以看出Device B通过Device B<->Device E<->Device D这条路径与120.2.0.0/24网段通信。

<DeviceB> display ip routing-table 120.2.0.0 24 verbose

 

Summary Count : 2

 

Destination: 120.2.0.0/24

   Protocol: BGP             Process ID: 0

  SubProtID: 0x1                    Age: 00h00m18s

       Cost: 0               Preference: 100

        Tag: 0                    State: Active Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 300

      NibID: 0x15000001          LastAs: 300

     AttrID: 0x1               Neighbor: 10.2.0.101

      Flags: 0x10060        OrigNextHop: 10.2.0.101

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 192.168.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface30

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

 

Destination: 120.2.0.0/24

   Protocol: OSPF            Process ID: 1

  SubProtID: 0x8                    Age: 00h00m18s

       Cost: 1               Preference: 150

        Tag: 1                    State: Inactive Adv

  OrigTblID: 0x0                OrigVrf: default-vrf

    TableID: 0x2                 OrigAs: 0

      NibID: 0x13000001          LastAs: 0

     AttrID: 0xffffffff        Neighbor: 0.0.0.0

      Flags: 0x41           OrigNextHop: 192.168.0.102

      Label: NULL           RealNextHop: 192.168.0.102

    BkLabel: NULL             BkNextHop: N/A

  Tunnel ID: Invalid          Interface: Vlan-interface30

BkTunnel ID: Invalid        BkInterface: N/A

9.5  配置文件

·              Device A:

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 120.1.0.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

bgp 200

 router-id 1.1.1.1

 peer 120.1.0.2 as-number 100

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  network 120.1.0.0 255.255.255.0

  peer 120.1.0.2 enable

#

·              Device B:

#

ospf 1

import-route direct

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

  network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 30

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 192.168.0.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 120.1.0.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

bgp 100

 router-id 2.2.2.2

 peer 10.2.0.101 as-number 100

 peer 10.2.0.101 bfd

 peer 13.1.1.101 as-number 100

 peer 120.1.0.1 as-number 200

#

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  preference 255 100 130

  peer 10.2.0.101 enable

  peer 10.2.0.101 next-hop-local

  peer 10.2.0.101 route-policy local-pre export

  peer 13.1.1.101 enable

  peer 13.1.1.101 next-hop-local

  peer 120.1.0.1 enable

#

route-policy local-pre permit node 10

 if-match ip address acl 2000

 apply local-preference 200

#

acl number 2000

 rule 0 permit source 120.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

#

·              Device C:

#

ospf 1

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255

  network 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255

#

vlan 10

#

vlan 20

#

interface Vlan-interface10

 ip address 10.1.0.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface20

 ip address 10.2.0.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 10

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

·              Device D

#

ospf 1

 import-route direct

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255

  network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

#

vlan 20

#

vlan 40

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface20

ip address 10.2.0.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface40

 ip address 13.1.1.101 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 120.1.0.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 20

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 40

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

bgp 100

 router-id 4.4.4.4

 peer 10.1.0.101 as-number 100

 peer 10.1.0.101 bfd

 peer 120.2.0.1 as-number 300

 peer 192.168.0.101 as-number 100

#

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  preference 255 100 130

  peer 10.1.0.101 enable

  peer 10.1.0.101 next-hop-local

  peer 10.1.0.101 route-policy local-pre export

  peer 192.168.0.101 enable

  peer 192.168.0.101 next-hop-local

  peer 120.2.0.1 enable

#

acl number 2000

 rule 0 permit source 120.2.0.0 0.0.0.255

#

·              Device E:

#

ospf 1

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

  network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

#

vlan 30

#

vlan 40

#

interface Vlan-interface30

 ip address 192.168.0.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface40

 ip address 13.1.1.102 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 30

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 40

#

·              Device F:

#

vlan 100

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 120.2.0.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

bgp 300

 router-id 6.6.6.6

 peer 120.2.0.2 as-number 100

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  network 120.2.0.0 255.255.255.0

  peer 120.2.0.2 enable

#

10  策略路由与BFD联动配置举例

10.1  组网需求

某公司内部网络如图7所示,从Device A到Device C有两条转发路径:Link A和Link B。下一跳分别为Device B和Device C。Link A为直连链路,Link B为非直连链路。已知Device C不支持BFD功能,公司希望使用策略路由与BFD联动技术,实现源IP为40.0.0.2的报文优先选择Link B,当Device A和Device B的链路出现故障(如链路down)时,Device A能快速感知,并将流量切换到Link A的链路上。

图7 策略路由与BFD联动配置组网图

 

10.2  配置思路

·              由于需要两端设备均支持BFD,才能够使用控制报文方式,本例中Device C不支持BFD,在Device A上配置的BFD功能仅能使用echo报文方式。

·              echo报文方式下必须配置echo报文的源IP地址。IP地址可以任意指定,不需要与实际接口地址对应。建议不要将echo报文的源IP地址配置为属于该设备任何一个接口所在网段,避免对端发送大量的ICMP重定向报文造成网络拥塞。

10.3  配置步骤

10.3.1  配置各接口的IP地址

(1)      配置Device A各接口的IP地址

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] vlan 40

[DeviceA-vlan40] port Ten-GigabitEthernet 3/0/2

[DeviceA-vlan40] quit

[DeviceA] int vlan-interface 40

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface40] ip address 40.0.0.1 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface40] quit

(2)      请参考以上方法配置10.1  图7中其它接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略

10.3.2  配置静态路由

(1)      配置Device A

# 配置Device A到Device C 50.0.0.0网段的静态路由。

[DeviceA] ip route-static 50.0.0.0 24 vlan-interface 200 13.13.13.2

(2)      配置Device B

# 配置Device B到Device C 50.0.0.0网段的静态路由。

[DeviceB] ip route-static 50.0.0.0 24 vlan-interface 101 24.24.24.4

10.3.3  配置Device A上的路由策略

# 配置匹配源IP地址为40.0.0.2的IP报文的ACL规则。

[DeviceA] acl number 3010

[DeviceA-acl-adv-3010] rule 0 permit ip source 40.0.0.2 0

[DeviceA-acl-adv-3010] quit

# 配置策略路由aaa,使满足ACL规则报文的下一跳为12.12.12.2,并与track 11绑定。

[DeviceA] policy-based-route aaa permit node 5

[DeviceA-pbr-aaa-5] if-match acl 3010

[DeviceA-pbr-aaa-5] apply next-hop 12.12.12.2 track 11

[DeviceA-pbr-aaa-5] quit

# 在接口上应用路由策略aaa。

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 40

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface40] ip policy-based-route aaa

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface40] quit

10.3.4  配置BFD功能,并创建和BFD会话关联的Track项11,检测Device B是否可达

(1)      配置Device A

# 策略路由支持的BFD会话方式为echo报文方式,该方式下必须配置BFD echo报文的源IP地址。IP地址可以任意指定,不需要与实际接口地址对应。建议不要将BFD echo报文的源IP地址配置为属于该设备任何一个接口所在网段。

[DeviceA] bfd echo-source-ip 3.3.3.3

# 配置发送和接收单跳BFD控制报文的最小时间间隔都为100ms,单跳BFD检测时间倍数为3。

[DeviceA] interface vlan-interface 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface100] bfd min-echo-receive-interval 100

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface100] bfd detect-multiplier 3

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface100] quit

[DeviceA] track 11 bfd echo interface vlan-interface100 remote ip 12.12.12.2 local ip 12.12.12.1

10.4  验证配置

# 查看Device A上源地址为40.0.0.0网段的流量,可以看到该网段当前流量优先从VLAN接口100(即Link B)转发出去。

<DeviceA> reset counters interface

<DeviceA> display counters outbound interface

Interface         Total (pkts)   Broadcast (pkts)   Multicast (pkts)  Err (pkts)

XGE3/0/1                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/2                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/3                585414                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/4                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/5                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/6                     0                  0                  0           0

# 查看BFD会话信息,显示BFD会话已被创建,且状态为Up。

[DeviceA] display bfd session verbose

 Total Session Num: 1     Up Session Num: 1     Init Mode: Active

 

 IPv4 Session Working Under Echo Mode:

       Local Discr: 2049

         Source IP: 12.12.12.1         Destination IP: 12.12.12.2

     Session State: Up                      Interface: Vlan-interface100

      Min Tx Inter: 100ms                Act Tx Inter: 100ms

      Min Rx Inter: 100ms                 Detect Inter: 300ms

          Rx Count: 128234                   Tx Count: 371950

      Connect Type: Direct             Running Up for: 00:01:04

       Detect Mode: Async                Chassis/Slot: 1/0

          Protocol: TRACK

         Diag Info: No Diagnostic

# 当Device A和Device B间链路故障后,BFD会话Down。

%Dec 10 16:39:46:210 2013 DeviceA BFD/5/BFD_CHANGE_FSM: -MDC=1; Sess[12.12.12.1/

12.12.12.2, LD/RD:2049/2049, Interface:Vlan100, SessType:Echo, LinkType:INET] , S

ta: UP-> DOWN, Diag: 1

%Dec 10 16:39:47:342 2013 DeviceA IFNET/3/PHY_UPDOWN: -MDC=1; Ten-GigabitEtherne

t3/0/3 link status is down.

%Dec 10 16:39:47:343 2013 DeviceA IFNET/5/LINK_UPDOWN: -MDC=1; Line protocol on

the interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3 is down.

%Dec 10 16:39:47:343 2013 DeviceA IFNET/3/PHY_UPDOWN: -MDC=1; Vlan-interface100

link status is down.

# 清除流量后重新查看Device A上源地址为40.0.0.0网段的流量,可以看到当前流量从VLAN接口200(即Link A)转发出去。

<DeviceA> reset counters interface

<DeviceA> display counters outbound interface

Interface         Total (pkts)   Broadcast (pkts)   Multicast (pkts)  Err (pkts)

XGE3/0/1                863764                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/2                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/3                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/4                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/5                     0                  0                  0           0

XGE3/0/6                     0                  0                  0           0

10.5  配置文件

·              Device A

#

 bfd echo-source-ip 3.3.3.3

#

vlan 40

#

vlan 100

#

vlan 200

#

policy-based-route aaa permit node 5

 if-match acl 3010

 apply next-hop 12.12.12.2 track 11

#

interface Vlan-interface40

 ip address 40.0.0.1 255.255.255.0

 ip policy-based-route aaa

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0

 bfd min-echo-receive-interval 10

 bfd detect-multiplier 3

#

interface Vlan-interface200

 ip address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 200

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 40

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

 ip route-static 50.0.0.0 24 Vlan-interface200 13.13.13.2

#

 ip local policy-based-route aaa

#

acl number 3010

 rule 0 permit ip source 40.0.0.2 0

#

 track 11 bfd echo interface Vlan-interface100 remote ip 12.12.12.2 local ip 12.

12.12.1

#

·              Device B

#

vlan 100 to 101

#

interface NULL0

#

interface Vlan-interface100

 ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface101

 ip address 24.24.24.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 100

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 101

#

 ip route-static 50.0.0.0 24 Vlan-interface101 24.24.24.4

·              Device C

#

vlan 50

#

vlan 101

#

vlan 200

#

interface NULL0

#

interface Vlan-interface50

 ip address 50.0.0.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface101

 ip address 24.24.24.4 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface200

 ip address 13.13.13.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/1

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 200

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/2

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 50

#

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet3/0/3

 port link-mode bridge

 port access vlan 101

#

11  相关资料

·              H3C S10500系列交换机 二层技术-以太网交换配置指导-R757X

·              H3C S10500系列交换机 二层技术-以太网交换命令参考-R757X

·              H3C S10500系列交换机 可靠性配置指导-R757X

·              H3C S10500系列交换机 可靠性命令参考-R757X

 

不同款型规格的资料略有差异, 详细信息请向具体销售和400咨询。H3C保留在没有任何通知或提示的情况下对资料内容进行修改的权利!

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