- Table of Contents
-
- 07-Layer 3—IP Services Command Reference
- 00-Preface
- 01-ARP commands
- 02-IP addressing commands
- 03-DHCP commands
- 04-DNS commands
- 05-NAT commands
- 06-NAT66 commands
- 07-IP forwarding basics commands
- 08-Fast forwarding commands
- 09-Multi-CPU packet distribution commands
- 10-Adjacency table commands
- 11-IRDP commands
- 12-IP performance optimization commands
- 13-UDP helper commands
- 14-IPv6 basics commands
- 15-DHCPv6 commands
- 16-IPv6 fast forwarding commands
- 17-AFT commands
- 18-Tunneling commands
- 19-GRE commands
- 20-ADVPN commands
- 21-WAAS commands
- 22-Web caching commands
- Related Documents
-
Title | Size | Download |
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07-IP forwarding basics commands | 68.74 KB |
Basic IP forwarding commands
The MSR 56-60 and MSR 56-80 routers installed with the MPU-100-G modules do not support parameters or commands that are available only in IRF mode.
display fib
Use display fib to display FIB entries.
Syntax
display fib [ topology topology-name | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] [ ip-address [ mask | mask-length ] ]
Views
Any view
Predefined user roles
network-admin
network-operator
Parameters
topology topology-name: Specifies a topology by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To specify a public topology, use base as the topology name. To display FIB entries for the public network, do not specify this option.
vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To display the FIB entries for the public network, do not specify any VPN instance.
ip-address: Displays the FIB entry that matches the specified destination IP address.
mask: Specifies the mask for the IP address.
mask-length: Specifies the mask length for the IP address. The value range is 0 to 32.
Usage guidelines
If you specify an IP address without a mask or mask length, this command displays the longest matching FIB entry.
If you specify an IP address and a mask or mask length, this command displays the exactly matching FIB entry.
Examples
# Display FIB entries for topology mt.
<Sysname> display fib topology mt
Destination count: 8 FIB entry count: 8
Flag:
U:Useable G:Gateway H:Host B:Blackhole D:Dynamic S:Static
R:Relay F:FRR
Destination/Mask Nexthop Flag OutInterface/Token Label
0.0.0.0/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
127.0.0.0/8 127.0.0.1 U InLoop0 Null
127.0.0.0/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
127.0.0.1/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
127.255.255.255/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
224.0.0.0/4 0.0.0.0 UB NULL0 Null
224.0.0.0/24 0.0.0.0 UB NULL0 Null
255.255.255.255/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
# Display all FIB entries of the public network.
<Sysname> display fib
Destination count: 5 FIB entry count: 5
Flag:
U:Useable G:Gateway H:Host B:Blackhole D:Dynamic S:Static
R:Relay F:FRR
Destination/Mask Nexthop Flag OutInterface/Token Label
0.0.0.0/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
1.1.1.0/24 192.168.126.1 USGF M-GE0/0/0 Null
127.0.0.0/8 127.0.0.1 U InLoop0 Null
127.0.0.0/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
127.0.0.1/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
# Display the FIB entries for VPN vpn1.
<Sysname> display fib vpn-instance vpn1
Destination count: 6 FIB entry count: 6
Flag:
U:Useable G:Gateway H:Host B:Blackhole D:Dynamic S:Static
R:Relay F:FRR
Destination/Mask Nexthop Flag OutInterface/Token Label
0.0.0.0/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
20.20.20.0/24 20.20.20.25 U M-GE0/0/0 Null
20.20.20.0/32 20.20.20.25 UBH M-GE0/0/0 Null
20.20.20.25/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
20.20.20.25/32 20.20.20.25 H M-GE0/0/0 Null
20.20.20.255/32 20.20.20.25 UBH M-GE0/0/0 Null
# Display the FIB entries matching the destination IP address 10.2.1.1.
<Sysname> display fib 10.2.1.1
Destination count: 1 FIB entry count: 1
Flag:
U:Useable G:Gateway H:Host B:Blackhole D:Dynamic S:Static
R:Relay F:FRR
Destination/Mask Nexthop Flag OutInterface/Token Label
10.2.1.1/32 127.0.0.1 UH InLoop0 Null
Table 1 Command output
Field |
Description |
Destination count |
Total number of destination addresses. |
FIB entry count |
Total number of FIB entries. |
Destination/Mask |
Destination address and the mask length. |
Nexthop |
Next hop address. |
Flag |
Flags of routes: · U—Usable route. · G—Gateway route. · H—Host route. · B—Blackhole route. · D—Dynamic route. · S—Static route. · R—Relay route. · F—Fast reroute. |
OutInterface/Token |
Output interface/LSP index number. |
Label |
Inner label. |
ip forwarding apply vpn-peer-id enable
Use ip forwarding apply vpn-peer-id enable to enable the VPN peer-based processing.
Use undo ip forwarding apply vpn-peer-id enable to disable the VPN peer-based processing.
Syntax
ip forwarding apply vpn-peer-id enable
undo ip forwarding apply vpn-peer-id enable
Default
The VPN peer-based processing is disabled.
Views
System view
Predefined user roles
network-admin
Usage guidelines
This feature enables the device to use the VPN peer ID of the routing information in the FIB table to process packets.
This command must be used together with the apply vpn-peer-id command. For more information about the command, see Layer 3—IP Routing Command Reference.
Examples
# Enable the VPN peer-based processing.
<Sysname> system-view
[Sysname] ip forwarding apply vpn-peer-id enable
ip forwarding apply mpls-exp enable
Use ip forwarding apply mpls-exp enable to enable the FIB-based EXP setting for MPLS packets.
Use undo ip forwarding apply mpls-exp enable to disable the FIB-based EXP setting for MPLS packets.
Syntax
ip forwarding apply mpls-exp enable
undo ip forwarding apply mpls-exp enable
Default
The FIB-based EXP setting for MPLS packets is disabled.
Views
System view
Predefined user roles
network-admin
Usage guidelines
This feature modifies the EXP field value of MPLS packets based on the EXP value in the FIB entry that matches the packets. It must be used in conjunction with the apply mpls-exp command. For more information about the apply mpls-exp command, see routing policy commands in Layer 3—IP Routing Command Reference.
Examples
# Enable the FIB-based EXP setting for MPLS packets.
<Sysname> system
[Sysname] ip forwarding apply mpls-exp enable
Related commands
apply mpls-exp
ip forwarding apply vpn-peer-id enable
ip last-hop hold
Use ip last-hop hold to enable last hop holding.
Use undo ip last-hop hold to disable last hop holding.
Syntax
ip last-hop hold
undo ip last-hop hold
Default
Last hop holding is disabled.
Views
Layer 3 Ethernet interface view
Layer 3 Ethernet subinterface view
Dialer interface view
Eth-channel interface view
Serial interface view
Predefined user roles
network-admin
Usage guidelines
Last hop holding implements symmetric routing.
When the interface enabled with this feature receives the first IP packet of a forward flow, this feature implements the following operations:
· Obtains the forward flow information and last hop information of the packet.
· Based on the information, creates a fast forwarding entry for the reverse flow.
When packets of the reverse flow arrive at the device, the device forwards those packets based on the entry.
Last hop holding is based on fast forwarding entries. If the MAC address of a last hop changes on an Ethernet link, this feature can function correctly only after the fast forwarding entry is updated for the MAC address.
This command is not applicable to an MPLS network.
Examples
# Enable the last hop holding feature.
<Sysname> system-view
[Sysname] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip last-hop hold
Load sharing commands
bandwidth-based-sharing
Use bandwidth-based-sharing to enable IPv4 load sharing based on bandwidth.
Use undo bandwidth-based-sharing to disable IPv4 load sharing based on bandwidth.
Syntax
bandwidth-based-sharing
undo bandwidth-based-sharing
Default
The IPv4 load sharing based on bandwidth is disabled.
Views
System view
Predefined user roles
network-admin
Usage guidelines
This feature load shares flow traffic among multiple output interfaces based on their load percentages. The device calculates the load percentage for each output interface in terms of their expected bandwidths.
Devices that run load sharing protocols, such as Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP), implement load sharing based on the ratios defined by these protocols.
Examples
# Enable IPv4 load sharing based on bandwidth.
<Sysname> system-view
[Sysname] bandwidth-based-sharing
ip load-sharing mode
Use ip load-sharing mode to configure the load sharing mode.
Use undo ip load-sharing mode to restore the default.
Syntax
In standalone mode:
ip load-sharing mode { per-flow [ dest-ip | dest-port | ip-pro | src-ip | src-port ] * | per-packet } { global | slot slot-number }
undo ip load-sharing mode { global | slot slot-number }
In IRF mode:
ip load-sharing mode { per-flow [ dest-ip | dest-port | ip-pro | src-ip | src-port ] * | per-packet } { chassis chassis-number slot slot-number | global }
undo ip load-sharing mode { chassis chassis-number slot slot-number | global }
Default
The device performs per-flow load sharing.
Views
System view
Predefined user roles
network-admin
Parameters
algorithm-switch: Specifies algorithm 1 for per-flow load sharing.
per-flow: Implements per-flow load sharing.
dest-ip: Identifies flows by destination IP address.
dest-port: Identifies flows by destination port.
ip-pro: Identifies flows by protocol number.
src-ip: Identifies flows by source IP address.
src-port: Identifies flows by source port.
global: Configures the load sharing mode globally.
per-packet: Implements per-packet load sharing.
slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command configures the load sharing mode for all cards. (In standalone mode.)
chassis chassis-number slot slot-number: Specifies a card on an IRF member device. The chassis-number argument represents the member ID of the IRF member device. The slot-number argument represents the slot number of the card. If you do not specify a card, this command configures the load sharing mode for all cards. (In IRF mode.)
Usage guidelines
The per-packet load sharing mode does not take effect in fast forwarding.
Examples
# (In standalone mode.) Configure per-flow load sharing for slot 1.
<Sysname> system-view
[Sysname] ip load-sharing mode per-flow slot 1