11-Layer 3—IP Services Command Reference

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04-DNS commands
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04-DNS commands 182.23 KB

DNS commands

 

display dns domain

Use display dns domain to display the domain name suffixes.

Syntax

display dns domain [ dynamic ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

context-admin

context-operator

Parameters

dynamic: Displays the domain name suffixes dynamically obtained through DHCP or other protocols. If you do not specify this keyword, the command displays the statically configured and dynamically obtained domain name suffixes.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If you do not specify a VPN instance, this command displays domain name suffixes for the public network.

Examples

# Display the statically configured and dynamically obtained domain name suffixes for the public network.

<Sysname> display dns domain

Type:

  D: Dynamic    S: Static

 

No.    Type   Domain suffix

1      S      com

2      D      net

Table 1 Command output

Field

Description

No.

Sequence number.

Type

Domain name suffix type:

·     S—A statically configured domain name suffix.

·     D—A domain name suffix dynamically obtained through DHCP or other protocols. ‌

Domain suffix

Domain name suffixes.

 

Related commands

dns domain

display dns host

Use display dns host to display information about domain name-to-IP address mappings.

Syntax

display dns host [ ip | ipv6 ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

context-admin

context-operator

Parameters

ip: Specifies type A queries. A type A query resolves a domain name to the mapped IPv4 address.

ipv6: Specifies type AAAA queries. A type AAAA query resolves a domain name to the mapped IPv6 address.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If you do not specify a VPN instance, this command displays domain name-to-IP address mappings for the public network.

Usage guidelines

If you do not specify the ip or ipv6 keyword, this command displays domain name-to-IP address mappings of all query types.

Examples

# Display domain name-to-IP address mappings of all query types.

<Sysname> display dns host

Type:

  D: Dynamic    S: Static

 

Total number: 3

No.  Host name         Type  TTL        Query type   IP addresses

1    sample.com        D     3132       A            192.168.10.1

                                                     192.168.10.2

                                                     192.168.10.3

2    zig.sample.com    S     -          A            192.168.1.1

3    sample.net        S     -          AAAA         FE80::4904:4448

Table 2 Command output

Field

Description

 

No.

Sequence number.

 

Host name

Domain name.

 

Type

Domain name-to-IP address mapping type:

·     S—A static mapping configured by the ip host or ipv6 host command.

·     D—A mapping dynamically obtained through dynamic domain name resolution. ‌

TTL

Time in seconds that a mapping can be stored in the cache.

For a static mapping, a hyphen (-) is displayed.

 

Query type

Query type: A and AAAA.

 

IP addresses

Replied IP address:

·     For a type A query, the replied IP address is an IPv4 address.

·     For a type AAAA query, the replied IP address is an IPv6 address.

 

 

Related commands

ip host

ipv6 host

reset dns host

display dns server

Use display dns server to display IPv4 DNS server information.

Syntax

display dns server [ dynamic ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

context-admin

context-operator

Parameters

dynamic: Displays IPv4 DNS server information dynamically obtained through DHCP or other protocols. If you do not specify this keyword, the command displays statically configured and dynamically obtained IPv4 DNS server information.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If you do not specify a VPN instance, this command displays IPv4 DNS server information for the public network.

Examples

# Display IPv4 DNS server information for the public network.

<Sysname> display dns server

Type:

  D: Dynamic    S: Static

 

No. Type  IP address

1   S     202.114.0.124

2   S     169.254.65.125

Table 3 Command output

Field

Description

No.

Sequence number.

Type

DNS server type:

·     S—A manually configured DNS server.

·     D—DNS server information dynamically obtained through DHCP or other protocols. ‌

IP address

IPv4 address of the DNS server.

 

Related commands

dns server

display ipv6 dns server

Use display ipv6 dns server to display IPv6 DNS server information.

Syntax

display ipv6 dns server [ dynamic ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

context-admin

context-operator

Parameters

dynamic: Displays IPv6 DNS server information dynamically obtained through DHCP or other protocols. If you do not specify this keyword, the command displays the statically configured and dynamically obtained IPv6 DNS server information.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If you do not specify a VPN instance, this command displays IPv6 DNS server information for the public network.

Examples

# Display IPv6 DNS server information for the public network.

<Sysname> display ipv6 dns server

Type:

  D: Dynamic    S: Static

 

No. Type  IPv6 address                             Outgoing Interface

1   S     2::2

Table 4 Command output

Field

Description

No.

Sequence number.

Type

DNS server type:

·     S—A manually configured DNS server.

·     D—DNS server information dynamically obtained through DHCP or other protocols. ‌

IPv6 address

IPv6 address of the DNS server.

Outgoing Interface

Output interface.

 

Related commands

ipv6 dns server

dns domain

Use dns domain to configure a domain name suffix.

Use undo dns domain to delete the specified domain name suffix.

Syntax

dns domain domain-name [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo dns domain domain-name [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

No domain name suffix is configured. Only the provided domain name is resolved.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

domain-name: Specifies a domain name suffix. It is a dot-separated, case-insensitive string that can include letters, digits, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and dots (.), for example, aabbcc.com. The domain name suffix can include a maximum of 253 characters, and each separated string includes no more than 63 characters.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To configure a domain name suffix for the public network, do not specify this option.

Usage guidelines

For domain name resolution, the resolver automatically uses the suffix list to supply the missing part of an incomplete name entered by a user.

A domain name suffix applies to both IPv4 DNS and IPv6 DNS.

The system allows a maximum of 16 domain name suffixes for the public network or each VPN instance. You can specify domain name suffixes for both public network and VPN instances.

Examples

# Configure domain name suffix com for the public network.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns domain com

Related commands

display dns domain

dns dscp

Use dns dscp to set the DSCP value for DNS packets sent by a DNS client or DNS proxy.

Use undo dns dscp to restore the default.

Syntax

dns dscp dscp-value

undo dns dscp

Default

The DSCP value is 0 in DNS packets sent by a DNS client or DNS proxy.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

dscp-value: Specifies the DSCP value in the range of 0 to 63.

Usage guidelines

The DSCP value of a packet specifies the priority level of the packet and affects the transmission priority of the packet. A bigger DSCP value represents a higher priority.

Examples

# Set the DSCP value to 30 for outgoing DNS packets.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns dscp 30

dns filter

Use dns filter to enable DNS filtering and add a host name to the denylist or allowlist.

Use undo dns filter to disable DNS filtering and delete a host name from the denylist or allowlist.

Syntax

dns filter { allowlist | denylist } hostname

undo dns filter { allowlist | denylist } hostname

The following compatibility matrix shows the support of hardware platforms for this command:

 

Hardware platform

Module type

Command compatibility

M9006

M9010

M9014

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

NAT module

Yes

M9010-GM

Encryption module

Yes

M9016-V

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9008-S

M9012-S

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Intrusion prevention service (IPS) module

Yes

Video network gateway module

Yes

M9008-S-6GW

IPv6 module

Yes

M9008-S-V

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

M9000-AI-E4

Blade 5 firewall module

No

M9000-AI-E8

M9000-AI-E16

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9000-X06

M9000-X10

Blade 6 firewall module

Yes

 

Default

DNS filtering is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

allowlist: Adds a host name to the allowlist.

denylist: Adds a host name to the denylist.

hostname: Specifies a host name, a case-insensitive string of 1 to 253 characters. The string can contain letters, digits, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and dots (.). This argument supports fuzzy match by adding the character (*) to the start or end of the string. For example, to match a host name including abc, specify the hostname argument as *abc*, *abc, or abc*. To exactly match a host name, do not add the character (*).

Usage guidelines

The DNS proxy uses DNS filtering to filter DNS requests as follows:

·     If the allowlist has a matching host name or the denylist does not have any matching host name with the domain name in the received DNS request, the DNS proxy filters in the request. Upon receiving a DNS reply, the DNS proxy records the DNS mapping and forwards the reply to the DNS client.

·     If the denylist has a matching host name or the allowlist does not have any matching host name with the domain name in the received DNS request, the DNS proxy discards the DNS request.

To implement a strict access control, use an allowlist to filter DNS requests. To implement a loose access control, use a denylist to filter DNS requests.

To add multiple host names to the allowlist or denylist, repeat this command. However, a host name cannot be added to both the denylist and allowlist.

Examples

# Enable DNS filtering and add the host names containing .abc to the allowlist.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns filter allowlist *.abc

dns proxy enable

Use dns proxy enable to enable DNS proxy.

Use undo dns proxy enable to disable DNS proxy.

Syntax

dns proxy enable

undo dns proxy enable

Default

DNS proxy is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Usage guidelines

This configuration applies to both IPv4 DNS and IPv6 DNS.

Examples

# Enable DNS proxy.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns proxy enable

dns server

Use dns server to specify the IPv4 address of a DNS server.

Use undo dns server to remove the IPv4 address of a DNS server.

Syntax

dns server ip-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo dns server [ ip-address ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

No DNS server IPv4 address is specified.

Views

System view

Interface view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

ip-address: Specifies the IPv4 address of a DNS server. When you execute the undo form of the command in interface view, you must specify this argument.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To specify a DNS server IPv4 address for the public network, do not use this option.

Usage guidelines

The device sends a DNS query request to the DNS servers in the order their IPv4 addresses are specified.

The system allows a maximum of six DNS server IPv4 addresses for the public network or each VPN instance. You can specify DNS server IPv4 addresses for both public network and VPN instances.

If you do not specify an IPv4 address, the undo dns server command removes all DNS server IPv4 addresses for the public network or the specified VPN instance.

Examples

# Specify DNS server IPv4 address 172.16.1.1.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns server 172.16.1.1

# Specify DNS server IPv4 address 172.16.1.1 on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] dns server 172.16.1.1

Related commands

display dns server

dns snooping enable

Use dns snooping enable to enable DNS snooping.

Use undo dns snooping enable to disable DNS snooping.

Syntax

dns snooping enable

undo dns snooping enable

 

Default

DNS snooping is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Usage guidelines

DNS snooping is applicable to scenarios that use domain name-based policies (such as security policies and bandwidth policies). In such a scenario, the device requires the resolved IP addresses for traffic filtering. Enabled with DNS snooping, the device monitors received DNS requests and replies, and works as follows:

·     If the domain name in a DNS request matches a policy, the device records the DNS mapping after receiving the DNS reply, and reports the mapping to the policy for traffic filtering.

·     If the domain name does not match a policy, the device does not record the DNS mapping.

DNS snooping works only between the DNS client and DNS server, or the DNS client and DNS proxy.

The DNS snooping and DNS transparent proxy features cannot be both configured.

Examples

# Enable DNS snooping.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns snooping enable

Related commands

dns transparent-proxy enable

dns snooping log enable

Use dns snooping log enable to enable DNS snooping logging.

Use undo dns snooping log enable to disable DNS snooping logging.

Syntax

dns snooping log enable

undo dns snooping log enable

The following compatibility matrix shows the support of hardware platforms for this command:

 

Hardware platform

Module type

Command compatibility

M9006

M9010

M9014

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

NAT module

Yes

M9010-GM

Encryption module

Yes

M9016-V

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9008-S

M9012-S

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Intrusion prevention service (IPS) module

Yes

Video network gateway module

Yes

M9008-S-6GW

IPv6 module

Yes

M9008-S-V

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

M9000-AI-E4

Blade 5 firewall module

No

M9000-AI-E8

M9000-AI-E16

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9000-X06

M9000-X10

Blade 6 firewall module

Yes

Default

DNS snooping logging is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Usage guidelines

The DNS proxy searches the static domain name resolution table and dynamic domain name resolution cache after receiving a request.

·     If the requested information is found, the DNS proxy returns a DNS reply to the client.

·     If the requested information is not found, the DNS proxy sends the request to the designated DNS server.

Too many requests received at the same time will increase network load and affect the performance of the DNS proxy and DNS server.

To avoid this issue, you can configure DNS snooping on the device between the DNS client and DNS proxy, or the DNS client and DNS server. Also, you can configure the device to generate and send DNS snooping logs to the fast log module. The administrator can locate and troubleshoot issues based on the logs. For information about the fast log output function, see Network Management and Monitoring Configuration Guide.

Examples

# Enable DNS snooping logging.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns snooping log enable

dns snooping rate-limit

Use dns snooping rate-limit to configure a rate limit for incoming DNS packets on interfaces.

Use undo dns snooping rate-limit to disable DNS snooping packet rate limit.

Syntax

dns snooping rate-limit rate

undo dns snooping rate-limit

The following compatibility matrix shows the support of hardware platforms for this command:

 

Hardware platform

Module type

Command compatibility

M9006

M9010

M9014

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

NAT module

Yes

M9010-GM

Encryption module

Yes

M9016-V

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9008-S

M9012-S

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Intrusion prevention service (IPS) module

Yes

Video network gateway module

Yes

M9008-S-6GW

IPv6 module

Yes

M9008-S-V

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

M9000-AI-E4

Blade 5 firewall module

No

M9000-AI-E8

M9000-AI-E16

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9000-X06

M9000-X10

Blade 6 firewall module

Yes

Default

The rate of incoming DNS packets is not limited.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

rate: Specifies the maximum rate in pps. The value range for the rate argument is 64 to 512.Usage guidelines

An interface will discard DNS packets exceeding the specified rate limit.

This command takes effect only when the DNS transparent proxy or DNS snooping logging feature is enabled.

Examples

# Set the DNS packet rate limit to 64 pps.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns snooping rate-limit 64

Related commands

dns snooping log enable

dns transparent-proxy enable

dns source-interface

Use dns source-interface to specify the source interface for DNS packets.

Use undo dns source-interface to restore the default.

Syntax

dns source-interface interface-type interface-number [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo dns source-interface interface-type interface-number [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

No source interface is specified for DNS packets. The device uses the primary IP address of the output interface of the matching route as the source IP address for a DNS request.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

interface-type interface-number: Specifies an interface by its type and number.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To specify a source interface for the public network, do not use this option.

Usage guidelines

This configuration applies to both IPv4 and IPv6.

In IPv4 DNS, the device uses the primary IPv4 address of the specified source interface as the source IP address of a DNS query. In IPv6 DNS, the device selects an IPv6 address of the specified source interface as the source IP address of a DNS query. The method of selecting the IPv6 address is defined in RFC 3484.

The system allows only one source interface for the public network or each VPN instance. If you execute this command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect. You can specify source interfaces for both public network and VPN instances.

This command takes effect whether the source interface belongs to the VPN instance or not. As a best practice, specify an interface that belongs to the VPN instance as the source interface.

Examples

# Specify GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the source interface for DNS packets on the public network.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns source-interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

dns spoofing

Use dns spoofing to enable DNS spoofing and specify the IPv4 address for spoofing DNS requests.

Use undo dns spoofing to disable DNS spoofing.

Syntax

dns spoofing ip-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo dns spoofing ip-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

DNS spoofing is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

ip-address: Specifies the IPv4 address used to spoof DNS requests.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To enable DNS spoofing for the public network, do not specify this option.

Usage guidelines

Use the dns spoofing command together with the dns proxy enable command.

DNS spoofing functions when the DNS proxy does not know the DNS server address or cannot reach the DNS server. It enables the DNS proxy to spoof DNS queries of type A by responding with the specified IPv4 address.

The system allows only one replied IPv4 address for the public network or each VPN instance. If you execute this command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect. You can configure DNS spoofing for both public network and VPN instances.

Examples

# Enable DNS spoofing for the public network and specify IPv4 address 1.1.1.1 for spoofing DNS requests.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns proxy enable

[Sysname] dns spoofing 1.1.1.1

Related commands

dns proxy enable

dns transparent-proxy enable

Use dns transparent-proxy enable to enable DNS transparent proxy.

Use undo dns transparent-proxy enable to disable DNS transparent proxy.

Syntax

dns transparent-proxy enable

undo dns transparent-proxy enable

The following compatibility matrix shows the support of hardware platforms for this command:

 

Hardware platform

Module type

Command compatibility

M9006

M9010

M9014

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

NAT module

Yes

M9010-GM

Encryption module

Yes

M9016-V

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9008-S

M9012-S

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Intrusion prevention service (IPS) module

Yes

Video network gateway module

Yes

M9008-S-6GW

IPv6 module

Yes

M9008-S-V

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

M9000-AI-E4

Blade 5 firewall module

No

M9000-AI-E8

M9000-AI-E16

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9000-X06

M9000-X10

Blade 6 firewall module

Yes

 

Default

DNS transparent proxy is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Usage guidelines

DNS transparent proxy modifies the source address in the DNS request so that the DNS client seems to receive a DNS reply directly from the DNS server. This feature is applicable to domain name-based policies, such as security policies and bandwidth policies.

The DNS client does not configure the DNS server address as the DNS transparent proxy address, which simplifies the DNS client configuration. As a best practice, enable DNS transparent proxy in some load balancing scenarios.

The device enabled with DNS transparent proxy monitors received DNS requests and replies and records DNS mappings as follows:

1.     The device monitors all received DNS packets. Upon receiving a DNS request, the device specifies a local IP address that can reach the DNS server as the source IP address for the request.

2.     Upon receiving the DNS reply, the device records the DNS mapping and forwards the reply to the DNS client.

3.     The device searches the local entries after receiving another request. If a match is found, the device returns a DNS reply to the client. If no match is found, the device forwards the query to the DNS server for domain name resolution.

The DNS transparent proxy and DNS snooping features cannot be both configured.

Examples

# Enable DNS transparent proxy.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns transparent-proxy enable

Related commands

dns proxy enable

dns snooping enable

dns trust-interface

Use dns trust-interface to specify a DNS trusted interface.

Use undo dns trust-interface to remove a DNS trusted interface.

Syntax

dns trust-interface interface-type interface-number

undo dns trust-interface [ interface-type interface-number ]

Default

No DNS trusted interface is specified.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

interface-type interface-number: Specifies an interface by its type and number.

Usage guidelines

By default, an interface obtains DNS suffix and DNS server information from DHCP. A network attacker might act as the DHCP server to assign a wrong DNS suffix and DNS server address to the device. As a result, the device fails to obtain the resolved IP address or might get the wrong IP address. With the DNS trusted interface specified, the device only uses the DNS suffix and DNS server information obtained through the trusted interface to avoid attacks.

This configuration applies to both IPv4 DNS and IPv6 DNS.

You can configure a maximum of 128 DNS trusted interfaces on the device.

If you do not specify an interface, the undo dns trust-interface command removes all DNS trusted interfaces and restores the default.

Examples

# Specify GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as a DNS trusted interface.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns trust-interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

ip host

Use ip host to create a host name-to-IPv4 address mapping.

Use undo ip host to remove a host name-to-IPv4 address mapping.

Syntax

ip host host-name ip-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo ip host host-name ip-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

No host name-to-IPv4 address mappings exist.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

host-name: Specifies a host name, a case-insensitive string of 1 to 253 characters. Valid characters are letters, digits, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and dots (.).

ip-address: Specifies the IPv4 address of the host.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To create a host name-to-IP address mapping for the public network, do not specify this option.

Usage guidelines

The system allows a maximum of 1024 host name-to-IPv4 address mappings for the public network or each VPN instance. You can configure host name-to-IPv4 address mappings for both public network and VPN instances.

For the public network or a VPN instance, each host name maps to only one IPv4 address. If you execute this command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect.

Do not use the ping command parameter ip, -a, -c, -f, -h, -i, -m, -n, -p, -q, -r, -s, -t, -tos, -v, or -vpn-instance as the host name. For more information about the ping command parameters, see Network Management and Monitoring Command Reference.

Examples

# Map IPv4 address 10.110.0.1 to host name aaa for the public network.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip host aaa 10.110.0.1

Related commands

display dns host

ipv6 dns dscp

Use ipv6 dns dscp to set the DSCP value for IPv6 DNS packets sent by an IPv6 DNS client or IPv6 DNS proxy.

Use undo ipv6 dns dscp to restore the default.

Syntax

ipv6 dns dscp dscp-value

undo ipv6 dns dscp

Default

The DSCP value is 0 in IPv6 DNS packets sent by an IPv6 DNS client or IPv6 DNS proxy.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

dscp-value: Specifies the DSCP value in the range of 0 to 63.

Usage guidelines

The DSCP value of a packet specifies the priority level of the packet and affects the transmission priority of the packet. A bigger DSCP value represents a higher priority.

Examples

# Set the DSCP value to 30 for outgoing IPv6 DNS packets.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ipv6 dns dscp 30

ipv6 dns server

Use ipv6 dns server to specify the IPv6 address of a DNS server.

Use undo ipv6 dns server to remove the IPv6 address of a DNS server.

Syntax

ipv6 dns server ipv6-address [ interface-type interface-number ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo ipv6 dns server [ ipv6-address [ interface-type interface-number ] ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

No DNS server IPv6 address is specified.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

ipv6-address: Specifies the IPv6 address of a DNS server.

interface-type interface-number: Specifies the output interface by its type and number. If you do not specify an interface, the device forwards DNS packets out of the output interface of the matching route. Specify this argument if the IPv6 address of the DNS server is a link-local address. Do not specify this argument if the IPv6 address of the DNS server is a global unicast address.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To specify a DNS server IPv6 address for the public network, do not use this option.

Usage guidelines

The device sends a DNS query request to the DNS servers in the order their IPv6 addresses are specified.

The system allows a maximum of six DNS server IPv6 addresses for the public network or each VPN instance. You can specify DNS server IPv6 addresses for both public network and VPN instances.

If you do not specify an IPv6 address, the undo ipv6 dns server command removes all DNS server IPv6 addresses for the public network or the specified VPN instance.

Examples

# Specify DNS server IPv6 address 2002::1 for the public network.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ipv6 dns server 2002::1

Related commands

display ipv6 dns server

ipv6 dns spoofing

Use ipv6 dns spoofing to enable DNS spoofing and specify the IPv6 address to spoof DNS requests.

Use undo ipv6 dns spoofing to disable DNS spoofing.

Syntax

ipv6 dns spoofing ipv6-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo ipv6 dns spoofing ipv6-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

DNS spoofing is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

ipv6-address: Specifies the IPv6 address used to spoof DNS requests.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To enable DNS spoofing for the public network, do not specify this option.

Usage guidelines

Use the ipv6 dns spoofing command together with the dns proxy enable command.

DNS spoofing functions when the DNS proxy does not know the DNS server address or cannot reach the DNS server. It enables the DNS proxy to spoof DNS queries of type AAAA by responding with the specified IPv6 address.

The system allows only one replied IPv6 address for the public network or each VPN instance. If you execute this command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect. You can configure DNS spoofing for both public network and VPN instances.

Examples

# Enable DNS spoofing for the public network and specify IPv6 address 2001::1 for spoofing DNS requests.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] dns proxy enable

[Sysname] ipv6 dns spoofing 2001::1

Related commands

dns proxy enable

ipv6 host

Use ipv6 host to create a host name-to-IPv6 address mapping.

Use undo ipv6 host to remove a host name-to-IPv6 address mapping.

Syntax

ipv6 host host-name ipv6-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

undo ipv6 host host-name ipv6-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

No host name-to-IPv6 address mappings exist.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

host-name: Specifies a host name, a case-insensitive string of 1 to 253 characters. It can include letters, digits, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and dots (.).

ipv6-address: Specifies the IPv6 address of the host.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. To create a host name-to-IPv6 address mapping for the public network, do not specify this option.

Usage guidelines

The system allows a maximum of 1024 host name-to-IPv6 address mappings for the public network or each VPN instance. You can configure host name-to-IPv6 address mappings for both public network and VPN instances.

For the public network or a VPN instance, each host name maps to only one IPv6 address. If you execute this command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect.

Do not use the ping ipv6 command parameter -a, -c, -i, -m, -q, -s, -t, -tc, -v, or -vpn-instance as the host name. For more information about the ping ipv6 command parameters, see Network Management and Monitoring Command Reference.

Examples

# Map IPv6 address 2001::1 to host name aaa for the public network.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ipv6 host aaa 2001::1

Related commands

ip host

reset dns host

Use reset dns host to clear dynamic DNS entries.

Syntax

reset dns host [ ip | ipv6 ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Views

User view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

ip: Specifies type A queries. A type A query resolves a domain name to the mapped IPv4 address.

ipv6: Specifies type AAAA queries. A type AAAA query resolves a domain name to the mapped IPv6 address.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance by its name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If you do not specify a VPN instance, this command clears dynamic DNS entries for the public network.

Usage guidelines

If you do not specify the ip or ipv6 keyword, the reset dns host command clears dynamic DNS entries of all query types.

Use this command to clear the following dynamic DNS entries:

·     Dynamic DNS entries on the DNS client.

·     Dynamic DNS entries on the device enabled with DNS transparent proxy.

Examples

# Clear dynamic DNS entries of all query types for the public network.

<Sysname> reset dns host

Related commands

display dns host

reset dns snooping log statistics

Use reset dns snooping log statistics to clear DNS snooping log statistics.

Syntax

reset dns snooping log statistics

The following compatibility matrix shows the support of hardware platforms for this command:

 

Hardware platform

Module type

Command compatibility

M9006

M9010

M9014

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

NAT module

Yes

M9010-GM

Encryption module

Yes

M9016-V

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9008-S

M9012-S

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

Intrusion prevention service (IPS) module

Yes

Video network gateway module

Yes

M9008-S-6GW

IPv6 module

Yes

M9008-S-V

Blade 4 firewall module

Yes

M9000-AI-E4

Blade 5 firewall module

No

M9000-AI-E8

M9000-AI-E16

Blade 5 firewall module

Yes

M9000-X06

M9000-X10

Blade 6 firewall module

Yes

Views

User view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Examples

# Clear DNS snooping log statistics.

<Sysname> reset dns snooping log statistics


DDNS commands

ddns apply policy

Use ddns apply policy to apply a DDNS policy to an interface and enable DDNS update. DDNS updates the mapping between the FQDN and the primary IP address of the interface.

Use undo ddns apply policy to remove the application of a DDNS policy from an interface and to stop DDNS update.

Syntax

ddns apply policy policy-name [ fqdn domain-name ]

undo ddns apply policy policy-name

Default

No DDNS policy and FQDN are specified on the interface, and DDNS update is disabled.

Views

Interface view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

policy-name: Specifies a DDNS policy by its name, a case-insensitive string of 1 to 32 characters.

fqdn domain-name: Specifies the FQDN to replace <h> in the URL for DDNS update. The domain-name argument specifies a case-insensitive string of 1 to 253 characters. It can include letters, digits, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and dots (.).

Usage guidelines

You can apply a maximum of four DDNS policies to an interface.

If you execute this command multiple times with the same DDNS policy name but different FQDNs, both of the following occur:

·     The most recent configuration takes effect.

·     The device initiates a DDNS update request immediately.

Examples

# Apply DDNS policy steven_policy to GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to update the domain name-to-IP address mapping for FQDN www.whatever.com and enable DDNS update.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ddns apply policy steven_policy fqdn www.whatever.com

Related commands

ddns policy

display ddns policy

ddns dscp

Use ddns dscp to set the DSCP value for outgoing DDNS packets.

Use undo ddns dscp to restore the default.

Syntax

ddns dscp dscp-value

undo ddns dscp

Default

The DSCP value for outgoing DDNS packets is 0.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

dscp-value: Specifies the DSCP value in the range of 0 to 63.

Usage guidelines

The DSCP value of a packet specifies the priority level of the packet and affects the transmission priority of the packet. A bigger DSCP value represents a higher priority.

Examples

# Set the DSCP value to 30 for outgoing DDNS packets.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns dscp 30

ddns policy

Use ddns policy to create a DDNS policy and enter its view, or enter the view of an existing DDNS policy.

Use undo ddns policy to delete a DDNS policy.

Syntax

ddns policy policy-name

undo ddns policy policy-name

Default

No DDNS policies exist.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

policy-name: Specifies the DDNS policy name, a case-insensitive string of 1 to 32 characters.

Usage guidelines

You can create a maximum of 16 DDNS policies on the device.

Examples

# Create a DDNS policy named steven_policy and enter its view.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns policy steven_policy

Related commands

ddns apply policy

display ddns policy

display ddns policy

Use display ddns policy to display information about DDNS policies.

Syntax

display ddns policy [ policy-name ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

context-admin

context-operator

Parameters

policy-name: Specifies a DDNS policy by its name, a case-insensitive string of 1 to 32 characters. If you do not specify a DDNS policy, this command displays information about all DDNS policies.

Examples

# Display information about DDNS policy steven_policy.

<Sysname> display ddns policy steven_policy

DDNS policy: steven_policy

  URL              : http://members.3322.org/dyndns/update?

                     system=dyndns&hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

  Username         : steven

  Password         : ******

  Method           : GET

  SSL client policy:

  Interval         : 1 days 0 hours 1 minutes

# Display information about all DDNS policies.

<Sysname> display ddns policy

DDNS policy: steven_policy

  URL              : http://members.3322.org/dyndns/update?system=

                     dyndns&hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

  Username         : steven

  Password         : ******

  Method           : GET

  SSL client policy:

  Interval         : 0 days 0 hours 30 minutes 

 

DDNS policy: tom-policy

  URL              : http://members.3322.org/dyndns/update?system=

                     dyndns&hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

  Username         :

  Password         :

  Method           : GET

  SSL client policy:

  Interval         : 0 days 0 hours 15 minutes

 

DDNS policy: u-policy

  URL              : oray://phddns60.oray.net

  Username         : username

  Password         :

  Method           : -

  SSL client policy:

  Interval         : 0 days 0 hours 15 minutes

Table 5 Command output

Field

Description

DDNS policy

DDNS policy name.

URL

URL address for a DDNS update request. This field is empty if no URL address is configured.

Username

Username for logging in to the DDNS server. This field is empty if no username is configured.

 

Password

Password for logging in to the DDNS server. This field is empty if no password is configured and displays ****** if a password is configured.

 

Method

Parameter transmission method used to send HTTP/HTTPS-based DDNS update requests.

Method types include GET and POST.

 

SSL client policy

Name of the associated SSL client policy. This field is empty if no SSL client policy is associated.

Interval

Interval for sending DDNS update requests.

 

Related commands

ddns policy

interval

Use interval to set the interval for sending DDNS update requests.

Use undo interval to restore the default.

Syntax

interval days [ hours [ minutes ] ]

undo interval

Default

The DDNS update request interval is 1 hour.

Views

DDNS policy view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

days: Days in the range of 0 to 365.

hours: Hours in the range of 0 to 23.

minutes: Minutes in the range of 0 to 59.

Usage guidelines

The interface always sends a DDNS update request in one of the following conditions:

·     The primary IP address of the interface changes.

·     The link state of the interface changes from down to up.

If you set the interval to 0, the device does not periodically initiate DDNS update requests.

If you execute this command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect. If you change the interval for an applied DDNS policy, the device immediately initiates a DDNS update request and sets the interval as the update interval.

Examples

# Set the interval to 1 day and 1 minute for sending DDNS update requests for DDNS policy steven_policy.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns policy steven_policy

[Sysname-ddns-policy-steven_policy] interval 1 0 1

Related commands

ddns policy

display ddns policy

method

Use method to specify the parameter transmission method for sending DDNS update requests to HTTP/HTTPS-based DDNS servers.

Use undo method to restore the default.

Syntax

method { http-get | http-post }

undo method

Default

The method http-get applies.

Views

DDNS policy view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

http-get: Uses the get operation.

http-post: Uses the post operation.

Usage guidelines

This command applies to DDNS updates in HTTP/HTTPS. If the DDNS server uses HTTP or HTTPS service, choose a parameter transmission method compatible with the DDNS server. For example, a DHS server supports the http-post method.

If the DDNS policy has been applied to an interface, a DDNS update is sent immediately after the parameter transmission is changed.

Examples

# Specify the parameter transmission method as http-post for DDNS update requests for DDNS policy steven_policy.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns policy steven_policy

[Sysname-ddns-policy-steven_policy] method http-post

Related commands

ddns policy

display ddns policy

password

Use password to specify the password for logging in to the DDNS server.

Use undo password to restore the default.

Syntax

password { cipher | simple } string

undo password

Default

No password is specified for logging in to the DDNS server.

Views

DDNS policy view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

cipher: Specifies a password in encrypted form.

simple: Specifies a password in plaintext form. For security purposes, the password specified in plaintext form will be stored in encrypted form.

string: Specifies the password. Its plaintext form is a case-sensitive string of 1 to 32 characters. Its encrypted form is a case-sensitive string of 1 to 73 characters.

Examples

# In DDNS policy steven_policy, specify nevets as the password for logging in to the DDNS server.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns policy steven_policy

[Sysname-ddns-policy-steven_policy] password simple nevets

Related commands

ddns policy

display ddns policy

url

username

ssl-client-policy

Use ssl-client-policy to associate an SSL client policy with a DDNS policy.

Use undo ssl-client-policy to restore the default.

Syntax

ssl-client-policy policy-name

undo ssl-client-policy

Default

No SSL client policy is associated with a DDNS policy.

Views

DDNS policy view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

policy-name: Specifies a SSL client policy by its name, a case-insensitive string of 1 to 31 characters.

Usage guidelines

The SSL client policy is effective only for HTTPS-based DDNS update requests.

If you execute this command multiple times with different SSL client policies, the most recent configuration takes effect.

Examples

# Associate SSL client policy ssl_policy with DDNS policy steven_policy.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns policy steven_policy

[Sysname-ddns-policy-steven_policy] ssl-client-policy ssl_policy

Related commands

ddns policy

display ddns policy

ssl-client-policy (Security Command Reference)

url

Use url to specify the URL address for DDNS update requests.

Use undo url to restore the default.

Syntax

url request-url

undo url

Default

No URL address is specified for DDNS update requests.

Views

DDNS policy view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

request-url: Specifies the URL address, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 240 characters.

Usage guidelines

The URL addresses configured for update requests vary by DDNS server. Common DDNS server URL address formats are shown in Table 6.

Table 6 Common URL addresses for DDNS update request

DDNS server

URL addresses for DDNS update requests

www.3322.org

http://members.3322.org/dyndns/update?system=dyndns&hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

DYNDNS

http://members.dyndns.org/nic/update?system=dyndns&hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

DYNS

http://www.dyns.cx/postscript.php?host=<h>&ip=<a>

ZONEEDIT

http://dynamic.zoneedit.com/auth/dynamic.html?host=<h>&dnsto=<a>

TZO

http://cgi.tzo.com/webclient/signedon.html?TZOName=<h>IPAddress=<a>

EASYDNS

http://members.easydns.com/dyn/ez-ipupdate.php?action=edit&myip=<a>&host_id=<h>

HEIPV6TB

http://dyn.dns.he.net/nic/update?hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

CHANGE-IP

http://nic.changeip.com/nic/update?hostname=<h>&offline=1

NO-IP

http://dynupdate.no-ip.com/nic/update?hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

DHS

http://members.dhs.org/nic/hosts?domain=dyn.dhs.org&hostname=<h>&hostscmd=edit&hostscmdstage=2&type=1&ip=<a>

HP

https://server-name/nic/update?group=group-name&myip=<a>

ODS

ods://update.ods.org

GNUDIP

gnudip://server-name

PeanutHull

·     oray://phddns60.oray.net

·     oray://phservice2.oray.net

 

The URL address cannot contain the username or password. To configure the username and password, use the username command and the password command.

HP and GNUDIP are common DDNS update protocols. The server-name parameter is the domain name or IP address of the service provider's server using one of the update protocols.

The URL address for an update request can start with:

·     http://—The HTTP-based DDNS server.

·     https://—The HTTPS-based DDNS server.

·     ods://—The TCP-based ODS server.

·     gnudip://—The TCP-based GNUDIP server.

·     oray://—The TCP-based DDNS server.

The domain names of DDNS servers are members.3322.org and phddns60.oray.net. The domain names of PeanutHull DDNS servers can be phddns60.oray.net and phservice2.oray.net. The domain name phservice2.oray.net maps to the public IP address of the old version PeanutHull DDNS server, which is not maintained any more. You need to try several times upon failures to connect to the server. As a best practice, register a new account and a domain name on the PeanutHull DDNS of a new version. Determine the domain name in the URL according to the actual situation.

The port number in the URL address is optional. If you do not specify a port number, the default port number is used. HTTP uses port 80, HTTPS uses port 443, and the PeanutHull server uses port 6060.

The system automatically performs the following tasks:

·     Fills <h> with the FQDN that is specified when the DDNS policy is applied to an interface.

·     Fills <a> with the primary IP address of the interface to which the DDNS policy is applied.

You can also manually specify an FQDN and an IP address in <h> and <a>, respectively. In this case, the FQDN that is specified when the DDNS policy is applied to an interface will not take effect. As a best practice, do not manually change the <h> and <a> because your configuration might be incorrect.

You cannot specify an FQDN and IP address in the URL address for contacting the PeanutHull server. Alternatively, you can specify an FQDN when applying the DDNS policy to an interface. The system automatically uses the primary IP address of the interface to which the DDNS policy is applied as the IP address for DDNS update.

To avoid misinterpretation, do not include colons (:), at signs (@), and question marks (?) in your login username or password, even if you can do so.

If you execute this command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect.

Examples

# Specify the URL address for DDNS update requests for DDNS policy steven_policy. The device contacts www.3322.org for DDNS update.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns policy steven_policy

[Sysname-ddns-policy-steven_policy] url http:// members.3322.org/dyndns/update?system=dyndns&hostname=<h>&myip=<a>

Related commands

ddns policy

display ddns policy

password

username

username

Use username to specify the username for logging in to the DDNS server.

Use undo username to restore the default.

Syntax

username username

undo username

Default

No username is specified for logging in to the DDNS server.

Views

DDNS policy view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

context-admin

Parameters

username: Specifies the username, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 32 characters.

Examples

# In DDNS policy steven_policy, specify steven as the username for logging in to the DDNS server.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ddns policy steven_policy

[Sysname-ddns-policy-steven_policy] username steven

Related commands

ddns policy

display ddns policy

password

url

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