02-System Management Configuration Guide

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03-Device management configuration
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Managing the device

 

About device management

This chapter describes how to configure basic device parameters and manage the device.

Device management tasks at a glance

All device management tasks are optional. You can perform any of the tasks in any order.

·     Configuring basic parameters

¡     Configuring the device name

¡     Configuring the system time

¡     Enabling displaying the copyright statement

¡     Configuring banners

·     Configuring security parameters

¡     Disabling password recovery capability

·     Adjusting device capacities

¡     Setting the port status detection timer

·     Monitoring the device

¡     Monitoring CPU usage

¡     Setting memory alarm thresholds

·     Maintaining the device

¡     Scheduling a task

¡     Rebooting the device

¡     Restoring the factory-default configuration

Configuring the device name

About this task

A device name (also called hostname) identifies a device in a network and is used in CLI view prompts. For example, if the device name is Sysname, the user view prompt is <Sysname>.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure the device name.

sysname sysname

By default, the device name is H3C.

Configuring the system time

About the system time

Correct system time is essential to network management and communication. Configure the system time correctly before you run the device on the network.

The device can use one of the following methods to obtain the system time:

·     Uses the locally set system time, and then uses the clock signals generated by its built-in crystal oscillator to maintain the system time.

·     Periodically obtains the UTC time from an NTP source, and uses the UTC time, time zone, and daylight saving time to calculate the system time. For more information about NTP, see System Management Configuration Guide.

The system time calculated by using the UTC time from a time source is more precise.

Restrictions and guidelines for configuring the system time

After you configure the clock protocol none command, the clock datetime command determines the system time, whether or not the time zone or daylight saving time has been configured.

If you configure or change the time zone or daylight saving time after the device obtains the system time, the device recalculates the system time. To view the system time, use the display clock command.

System time configuration tasks at a glance

To configure the system time, perform the following tasks:

1.     Configuring the system time

Choose one of the following tasks:

¡     Setting the system time at the CLI

¡     Obtaining the UTC time through a time protocol

2.     (Optional.) Setting the time zone

Make sure each network device uses the time zone of the place where the device resides.

3.     (Optional.) Setting the daylight saving time

Make sure each network device uses the daylight saving time parameters of the place where the device resides.

Setting the system time at the CLI

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure the device to use the local system time.

clock protocol none

By default, the device uses the NTP time source.

If you execute the clock protocol command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect.

3.     Return to user view.

quit

4.     Set the local system time.

clock datetime time date

By default, the system time is UTC time 00:00:00 01/01/2011.

Obtaining the UTC time through a time protocol

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Specify the system time source.

clock protocol ntp

By default, the device uses the NTP time source.

If you execute the clock protocol command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect.

3.     Configure time protocol parameters.

For more information about NTP configuration, see System Management Configuration Guide.

Setting the time zone

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Set the time zone.

clock timezone zone-name { add | minus } zone-offset

By default, the system uses the UTC time zone.

Setting the daylight saving time

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Set the daylight saving time.

clock summer-time name start-time start-date end-time end-date add-time

By default, the daylight saving time is not set.

Enabling displaying the copyright statement

About this task

This feature enables the device to display the copyright statement in the following situations:

·     When a Telnet or SSH user logs in.

·     When a console user quits user view. This is because the device automatically tries to restart the user session.

If you disable displaying the copyright statement, the device does not display the copyright statement in any situations.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Enable displaying the copyright statement.

copyright-info enable

By default, displaying the copyright statement is enabled.

Configuring banners

About this task

Banners are messages that the system displays when a user logs in.

The system supports the following banners:

·     Legal banner—Appears after the copyright statement. To continue login, the user must enter Y or press Enter. To quit the process, the user must enter N. Y and N are case insensitive.

·     Message of the Day (MOTD) banner—Appears after the legal banner and before the login banner.

·     Login banner—Appears only when password or scheme authentication is configured.

·     Shell banner—Appears before the user enters user view.

The system displays the banners in the following order: legal banner, MOTD banner, login banner, and shell banner.

Banner input methods

You can configure a banner by using one of the following methods:

·     Input the entire command line in a single line.

The banner cannot contain carriage returns. The entire command line, including the command keywords, the banner, and the delimiters, can have a maximum of 511 characters. The delimiters for the banner can be any printable character but must be the same. You cannot press Enter before you input the end delimiter.

For example, you can configure the shell banner "Have a nice day." as follows:

<System> system-view

[System] header shell %Have a nice day.%

·     Input the command line in multiple lines.

The banner can contain carriage returns. A carriage return is counted as two characters.

To input a banner configuration command line in multiple lines, use one of the following methods:

¡     Press Enter after the final command keyword, type the banner, and end the final line with the delimiter character %. The banner plus the delimiter can have a maximum of 1999 characters.

For example, you can configure the banner "Have a nice day." as follows:

<System> system-view

[System] header shell

Please input banner content, and quit with the character '%'.

Have a nice day.%

¡     After you type the final command keyword, type any printable character as the start delimiter for the banner and press Enter. Then, type the banner and end the final line with the same delimiter. The banner plus the end delimiter can have a maximum of 1999 characters.

For example, you can configure the banner "Have a nice day." as follows:

<System> system-view

[System] header shell A

Please input banner content, and quit with the character 'A'.

Have a nice day.A

¡     After you type the final command keyword, type the start delimiter and part of the banner. Make sure the final character of the final string is different from the start delimiter. Then, press Enter, type the rest of the banner, and end the final line with the same delimiter. The banner plus the start and end delimiters can have a maximum of 2002 characters.

For example, you can configure the banner "Have a nice day." as follows:

<System> system-view

[System] header shell AHave a nice day.

Please input banner content, and quit with the character 'A'.

A

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure the legal banner.

header legal text

3.     Configure the MOTD banner.

header motd text

4.     Configure the login banner.

header login text

5.     Configure the shell banner.

header shell text

Disabling password recovery capability

About this task

Password recovery capability controls console user access to the device configuration and SDRAM from BootWare menus. For more information about BootWare menus, see the release notes.

If password recovery capability is enabled, a console user can access the device configuration without authentication to configure a new password.

If password recovery capability is disabled, console users must restore the factory-default configuration before they can configure new passwords. Restoring the factory-default configuration deletes the next-startup configuration files.

To enhance system security, disable password recovery capability.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Disable password recovery capability.

undo password-recovery enable

By default, password recovery capability is enabled.

Setting the port status detection timer

About this task

The device starts a port status detection timer when a port is shut down by a protocol. Once the timer expires, the device brings up the port so the port status reflects the port's physical status.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Set the port status detection timer.

shutdown-interval time

The default setting is 30 seconds.

Monitoring CPU usage

About this task

To monitor CPU usage, the device performs the following operations:

·     Samples CPU usage at 1-minute intervals and compares the samples with the CPU usage threshold and the CPU usage recovery threshold.

¡     If a sample is greater than or equal to the CPU usage threshold, the device determines the CPU usage is high and sends traps to affected service modules and processes.

¡     If a sample decreases to or below the CPU usage recovery threshold, the device determines the CPU usage has recovered and sends traps to affected service modules and processes.

·     Samples and saves CPU usage at a configurable interval if CPU usage tracking is enabled. You can use the display cpu-usage history command to display the historical CPU usage statistics in a coordinate system.

Figure 1 CPU alarms and alarm-removed notifications

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Set the CPU usage alarm thresholds.

monitor cpu-usage threshold severe-threshold

By default, the CPU usage alarm threshold is 99%.

3.     Set the sampling interval for CPU usage tracking.

monitor cpu-usage interval interval

By default, the sampling interval for CPU usage tracking is 1 minute.

4.     Enable CPU usage tracking.

monitor cpu-usage enable

By default, CPU usage tracking is enabled.

Setting memory alarm thresholds

About this task

To ensure correct operation and improve memory efficiency, the system monitors the amount of free memory space in real time. If the amount of free memory space reaches the minor, severe, or critical alarm threshold, the system issues an alarm to affected service modules and processes.

As shown in Table 1 and Figure 2, the system supports the following free-memory thresholds:

·     Normal state threshold.

·     Minor alarm threshold.

·     Severe alarm threshold.

·     Critical alarm threshold.

Table 1 Memory alarm notifications and memory alarm-removed notifications

Notification

Triggering condition

Remarks

Minor alarm notification

The amount of free memory space decreases below the minor alarm threshold.

After generating and sending a minor alarm notification, the system does not generate and send any additional minor alarm notifications until the minor alarm is removed.

Severe alarm notification

The amount of free memory space decreases below the severe alarm threshold.

After generating and sending a severe alarm notification, the system does not generate and send any additional severe alarm notifications until the severe alarm is removed.

Critical alarm notification

The amount of free memory space decreases below the critical alarm threshold.

After generating and sending a critical alarm notification, the system does not generate and send any additional critical alarm notifications until the critical alarm is removed.

Critical alarm-removed notification

The amount of free memory space increases above the severe alarm threshold.

N/A

Severe alarm-removed notification

The amount of free memory space increases above the minor alarm threshold.

N/A

Minor alarm-removed notification

The amount of free memory space increases above the normal state threshold.

N/A

Figure 2 Memory alarm notifications and alarm-removed notifications

 

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Set the memory usage threshold.

memory-threshold usage memory-threshold

By default, the memory usage threshold is 100%.

3.     Set the free-memory thresholds.

memory-threshold  minor minor-value severe severe-value critical critical-value normal normal-value

The default settings are as follows:

¡     Minor alarm threshold16 MB.

¡     Severe alarm threshold8 MB.

¡     Critical alarm threshold4 MB.

¡     Normal state threshold32 MB.

Scheduling a task

About task scheduling

You can schedule the device to automatically execute a command or a set of commands without administrative interference.

You can configure a periodic schedule or a non-periodic schedule. A non-periodic schedule is not saved to the configuration file and is lost when the device reboots. A periodic schedule is saved to the startup configuration file and is automatically executed periodically.

Restrictions and guidelines

·     To assign a command (command A) to a job, you must first assign the job the command or commands for entering the view of command A.

·     Make sure all commands in a schedule are compliant to the command syntax. The system does not check the syntax when you assign a command to a job.

·     A schedule cannot contain any one of these commands: telnet, ftp, ssh2, and monitor process.

·     A schedule does not support user interaction. If a command requires a yes or no answer, the system always assumes that a Y or Yes is entered. If a command requires a character string input, the system assumes that either the default character string (if any) or a null string is entered.

·     A schedule is executed in the background, and no output (except for logs, traps, and debug information) is displayed for the schedule.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Create a job.

scheduler job job-name

3.     Assign a command to the job.

command id command

By default, no command is assigned to a job.

You can assign multiple commands to a job. A command with a smaller ID is executed first.

4.     Exit to system view.

quit

5.     Create a schedule.

scheduler schedule schedule-name

6.     Assign a job to the schedule.

job job-name

By default, no job is assigned to a schedule.

You can assign multiple jobs to a schedule. The jobs will be executed concurrently.

7.     Assign user roles to the schedule.

user-role role-name

By default, a schedule has the user role of the schedule creator.

You can assign a maximum of 64 user roles to a schedule. A command in a schedule can be executed if it is permitted by one or more user roles of the schedule.

8.     Specify the execution time for the schedule.

Choose one option as needed:

¡     Execute the schedule at specific points of time.

time at time date

time once at time [ month-date month-day | week-day week-day&<1-7> ]

¡     Execute the schedule after a period of time.

time once delay time

¡     Execute the schedule at the specified time on every specified day in a month or week.

time repeating at time [ month-date [ month-day | last ] | week-day week-day&<1-7> ]

¡     Execute the schedule periodically from the specified time on.

time repeating [ at time [date ] ] interval interval

By default, no execution time is specified for a schedule.

The time commands overwrite each other. The most recently configured command takes effect.

Example: Scheduling a task

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 3, the host needs to access the Internet through the AP.

To save energy, configure the AP to perform the following operations:

·     Enable interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 at 8:00 a.m. every working day.

·     Disable interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 at 6:00 p.m. every working day.

Figure 3 Network diagram

Procedure

# Enter system view.

<AP> system-view

# Configure a job for disabling the interface.

[AP] scheduler job shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

[AP-job-shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] command 1 system-view

[AP-job-shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] command 2 interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[AP-job-shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] command 3 shutdown

[AP-job-shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Configure a job for enabling the interface.

[AP] scheduler job start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

[AP-job-start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] command 1 system-view

[AP-job-start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] command 2 interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[AP-job-start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] command 3 undo shutdown

[AP-job-start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Configure a periodic schedule for enabling the interface at 8:00 a.m. every working day.

[AP] scheduler schedule START-pc

[AP-schedule-START-pc] job start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

[AP-schedule-START-pc] time repeating at 8:00 week-day mon tue wed thu fri

[AP-schedule-START-pc] quit

# Configure a periodic schedule for disabling the interface at 6:00 p.m. every working day.

[AP] scheduler schedule STOP-pc

[AP-schedule-STOP-pc] job shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

[AP-schedule-STOP-pc] time repeating at 18:00 week-day mon tue wed thu fri

[AP-schedule-STOP-pc] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Display the configuration information of all jobs.

[AP] display scheduler job

Job name: shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

 system-view

 interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

 shutdown

 

Job name: start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

 system-view

 interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1

 undo shutdown

# Display the schedule information.

[AP] display scheduler schedule

Schedule name        : START-pc

Schedule type        : Run on every Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri at 08:00:00

Start time           : Wed Feb 28 08:00:00 2018

Last execution time  : Wed Feb 28 08:00:00 2018

Last completion time : Wed Feb 28 08:00:03 2018

Execution counts     : 1

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Job name                                          Last execution status

start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1                        Successful

 

Schedule name        : STOP-pc

Schedule type        : Run on every Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri at 18:00:00

Start time           : Wed Feb 28 18:00:00 2018

Last execution time  : Wed Feb 28 18:00:00 2018

Last completion time : Wed Feb 28 18:00:01 2018

Execution counts     : 1

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Job name                                          Last execution status

shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1                     Successful

# Display schedule log information.

[AP] display scheduler logfile

Job name        : start-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Schedule name   : START-pc

Execution time  : Wed Feb 28 08:00:00 2018

Completion time : Wed Feb 28 08:00:02 2018

--------------------------------- Job output -----------------------------------

<AP> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[AP] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[AP-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo shutdown

 

Job name        : shutdown-GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Schedule name   : STOP-pc

Execution time  : Wed Feb 28 18:00:00 2018

Completion time : Wed Feb 28 18:00:01 2018

--------------------------------- Job output -----------------------------------

<AP> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[AP] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[AP-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] shutdown

Rebooting the device

About device reboot

The following device reboot methods are available:

·     Schedule a reboot at the CLI, so the device automatically reboots at the specified time or after the specified period of time.

·     Immediately reboot the device at the CLI.

During the reboot process, the device performs the following operations:

a.     Resets all of its chips.

b.     Uses the BootWare to verify the startup software package, decompress the package, and load the images.

c.     Initializes the system.

·     Power off and then power on the device. This method might cause data loss, and is the least-preferred method.

Using the CLI, you can reboot the device from a remote host.

Restrictions and guidelines for device reboot

A device reboot might result in a service outage.

For data security, the device does not reboot while it is performing file operations.

Rebooting devices immediately at the CLI

Prerequisites

Perform the following steps in any view:

1.     Verify that the next-startup configuration file is correctly specified.

display startup

For more information about the display startup command, see Fundamentals Command Reference.

2.     Verify that the startup image files are correctly specified.

display boot-loader

If one main startup image file is damaged or does not exist, you must specify another main startup image file before rebooting the device.

For more information about the display boot-loader command, see Fundamentals Command Reference.

3.     Save the running configuration to the next-startup configuration file.

save

To avoid configuration loss, save the running configuration before a reboot.

For more information about the save command, see Fundamentals Command Reference.

Procedure

To reboot the device immediately at the CLI, execute one of the following commands in user view:

reboot [ force ]

Scheduling a device reboot

Restrictions and guidelines

The device supports only one device reboot schedule. If you execute the scheduler reboot command multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect.

Procedure

To schedule a reboot, execute one of the following commands in user view:

·     scheduler reboot at time [ date ]

·     scheduler reboot delay time

By default, no device reboot time is specified.

Restoring the factory-default configuration

About this task

If you want to use the device in a different scenario or you cannot troubleshoot the device by using other methods, use this task to restore the factory-default configuration.

This task does not delete .bin files.

Restrictions and guidelines

This feature is disruptive.

Procedure

1.     Execute the following command in user view to restore the factory-default configuration for the device:

restore factory-default

2.     Reboot the device.

reboot

When the command prompts you to choose whether to save the running configuration, enter N. If you choose to save the running configuration, the device loads the saved configuration at startup.

Display and maintenance commands for device management configuration

Execute display commands in any view. Execute the reset scheduler logfile command in user view. Execute the reset version-update-record command in system view.

 

Task

Command

Display the system time, date, time zone, and daylight saving time.

display clock

Display the copyright statement.

display copyright

Display CPU usage statistics.

display cpu-usage [ control-plane | data-plane ]  [ summary ]

Display CPU usage monitoring settings.

display cpu-usage configuration

Display the historical CPU usage statistics in a coordinate system.

display cpu-usage history [ job job-id ]

Display hardware information.

display device  [ verbose ]

Display electronic label information for the device.

display device manuinfo

Display or save operating information for features and hardware modules.

display diagnostic-information [ hardware | infrastructure | l2 | l3 | service ] [ key-info ] [ filename ]

Display memory usage statistics.

display memory [ summary ]

Display memory alarm thresholds and statistics.

display memory-threshold

Display job configuration information.

display scheduler job [ job-name ]

Display job execution log information.

display scheduler logfile

Display the automatic reboot schedule.

display scheduler reboot

Display schedule information.

display scheduler schedule [ schedule-name ]

Display system stability and status information.

display system stable state

Display system version information.

display version

Clear job execution log information.

reset scheduler logfile

Clear startup software image upgrade records.

reset version-update-record

 

 

 

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