Contents

Configuring SNMP· 1

Overview·· 1

SNMP framework· 1

MIB and view-based MIB access control 1

SNMP operations· 2

Protocol versions· 2

Access control modes· 3

FIPS compliance· 3

Configuring SNMP basic parameters· 3

Configuring SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c basic parameters· 3

Configuring SNMPv3 basic parameters· 6

Configuring SNMP logging· 8

Configuring SNMP notifications· 9

Enabling SNMP notifications· 9

Configuring the SNMP agent to send notifications to a host 10

Displaying the SNMP settings· 11

SNMPv1/SNMPv2c configuration example· 12

Network requirements· 12

Configuration procedure· 12

Verifying the configuration· 13

SNMPv3 configuration example· 13

Network requirements· 13

Configuration procedure· 14

Verifying the configuration· 16

 

Configuring SNMP

Overview

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet standard protocol widely used for a management station to access and operate the devices on a network, regardless of their vendors, physical characteristics, and interconnect technologies.

SNMP enables network administrators to read and set the variables on managed devices for state monitoring, troubleshooting, statistics collection, and other management purposes.

SNMP framework

The SNMP framework contains the following elements:

·     SNMP manager—Works on an NMS to monitor and manage the SNMP-capable devices in the network.

·     SNMP agent—Works on a managed device to receive and handle requests from the NMS, and sends notifications to the NMS when events, such as an interface state change, occur.

·     Management Information Base (MIB)—Specifies the variables (for example, interface status and CPU usage) maintained by the SNMP agent for the SNMP manager to read and set.

Figure 1 Relationship between NMS, agent, and MIB

 

MIB and view-based MIB access control

A MIB stores variables called "nodes" or "objects" in a tree hierarchy and identifies each node with a unique OID. An OID is a dotted numeric string that uniquely identifies the path from the root node to a leaf node. For example, object B in Figure 2 is uniquely identified by the OID {1.2.1.1}.

Figure 2 MIB tree

 

A MIB view represents a set of MIB objects (or MIB object hierarchies) with certain access privileges and is identified by a view name. The MIB objects included in the MIB view are accessible while those excluded from the MIB view are inaccessible.

A MIB view can have multiple view records each identified by a view-name oid-tree pair.

You control access to the MIB by assigning MIB views to SNMP groups or communities.

SNMP operations

SNMP provides the following basic operations:

·     Get—NMS retrieves the SNMP object nodes in an agent MIB.

·     Set—NMS modifies the value of an object node in an agent MIB.

·     Notification—SNMP agent sends traps or informs to report events to the NMS. The difference between these two types of notification is that informs require acknowledgment but traps do not. Traps are available in SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, and SNMPv3. Informs are available only in SNMPv2c and SNMPv3.

Protocol versions

An NMS and an SNMP agent must use the same SNMP version to communicate with each other.

·     SNMPv1—Uses community names for authentication. To access an SNMP agent, an NMS must use the same community name as set on the SNMP agent. If the community name used by the NMS differs from the community name set on the agent, the NMS cannot establish an SNMP session to access the agent or receive traps from the agent.

·     SNMPv2c—Uses community names for authentication. SNMPv2c is compatible with SNMPv1, but supports more operation types, data types, and error codes.

·     SNMPv3—Uses a user-based security model (USM) to secure SNMP communication. You can configure authentication and privacy mechanisms to authenticate and encrypt SNMP packets for integrity, authenticity, and confidentiality.

Access control modes

SNMP uses the following modes to control access to MIB objects:

·     View-based Access Control Model—The VACM mode controls access to MIB objects by assigning MIB views to SNMP communities or users.

·     Role based access control—The RBAC mode controls access to MIB objects by assigning user roles to SNMP communities or users.

¡     SNMP communities or users have read and write access to all MIB objects if they use the predefined network-admin or level-15 user role.

¡     SNMP communities or users have read-only access to all MIB objects if they use the predefined network-operator user role.

¡     SNMP communities or users with a user-defined user role have access rights to MIB objects as specified by the rule command.

If you create the same SNMP community or user with both modes multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect. For more information about RBAC, see Fundamentals Command Reference.

For an NMS to access an agent:

·     The RBAC mode requires the user role bound to a community name or username to have the same access right to MIB objects as the NMS.

·     The VACM mode requires only the access right from the NMS to MIB objects.

RBAC mode controls access on a per MIB object basis, and VACM mode controls access on a MIB view basis. As a best practice to enhance MIB security, use the RBAC mode.

FIPS compliance

The device supports the FIPS mode that complies with NIST FIPS 140-2 requirements. Support for features, commands, and parameters might differ in FIPS mode and non-FIPS mode. For more information about FIPS mode, see Security Configuration Guide.

Configuring SNMP basic parameters

SNMPv3 differs from SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c in many ways. Their configuration procedures are described in separate sections.

Configuring SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c basic parameters

Only users with the network-admin or level-15 user role can create SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c communities, users, or groups. Users with other user roles cannot create SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c communities, users, or groups even if these roles are granted access to related commands or commands of the SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c feature.

To configure SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c basic parameters:

 

Step	Command	Remarks
1.     Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2.     (Optional.) Enable the SNMP agent.	snmp-agent	By default, the SNMP agent is disabled. The SNMP agent is enabled when you use any command that begins with snmp-agent except for the snmp-agent calculate-password command.
3.     (Optional.) Configure the system contact.	snmp-agent sys-info contact sys-contact	The default system contact is New H3C Technologies Co., Ltd..
4.     (Optional.) Configure the system location.	snmp-agent sys-info location sys-location	The default system location is Hangzhou, China.
5.     Enable SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c.	snmp-agent sys-info version { all | { v1 | v2c } *}	By default, SNMPv3 is enabled.
6.     (Optional.) Change the local engine ID.	snmp-agent local-engineid engineid	By default, the local engine ID is the company ID plus the device ID.
7.     (Optional.) Create or update a MIB view.	snmp-agent mib-view { excluded | included } view-name oid-tree [ mask mask-value ]	By default, the MIB view ViewDefault is predefined. In this view, all the MIB objects in the iso subtree but the snmpUsmMIB, snmpVacmMIB, and snmpModules.18 subtrees are accessible. Each view-name oid-tree pair represents a view record. If you specify the same record with different MIB sub-tree masks multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect. Except for the four sub-trees in the default MIB view, you can create up to 16 unique MIB view records.
8.     Configure the SNMP access right.	·     (Method 1.) Create an SNMP community: In VACM mode: snmp-agent community { read | write } [ simple | cipher ] community-name [ mib-view view-name ] [ acl { acl-number | name acl-name } | acl ipv6 { ipv6-acl-number | name ipv6-acl-name } ] * In RBAC mode: snmp-agent community [ simple | cipher ] community-name user-role role-name [ acl { acl-number | name acl-name } | acl ipv6 { ipv6-acl-number | name ipv6-acl-name } ] * ·     (Method 2.) Create an SNMPv1/v2c group, and add users to the group: a.     snmp-agent group { v1 | v2c } group-name [ read-view view-name ] [ write-view view-name ] [ notify-view view-name ] [ acl { acl-number | name acl-name } | acl ipv6 { ipv6-acl-number | name ipv6-acl-name } ] * b.     snmp-agent usm-user { v1 | v2c } user-name group-name [ acl { acl-number | name acl-name } | acl ipv6 { ipv6-acl-number | name ipv6-acl-name } ] *	By default, no SNMP group or SNMP community exists. The username in method 2 has the same purpose as the community name in method 1. Whichever method you use, make sure the configured name is the same as the community name on the NMS.
9.     (Optional.) Create an SNMP context.	snmp-agent context context-name	By default, no SNMP context is configured on the device.
10.     (Optional.) Map an SNMP community to an SNMP context.	snmp-agent community-map community-name context context-name	By default, no mapping between an SNMP community and an SNMP context exists on the device.
11.     (Optional.) Configure the maximum SNMP packet size (in bytes) that the SNMP agent can handle.	snmp-agent packet max-size byte-count	By default, the maximum size of SNMP packets that an SNMP agent can process is 1500 bytes.
12.     Specify the UDP port for receiving SNMP packets.	snmp-agent port port-num	By default, the device uses UDP port 161 for receiving SNMP packets.

 

Configuring SNMPv3 basic parameters

Only users with the network-admin or level-15 user role can create SNMPv3 users or groups. Users with other user roles cannot create SNMPv3 users or groups even if these roles are granted access to related commands or commands of the SNMPv3 feature.

SNMPv3 users are managed in groups. All SNMPv3 users in a group share the same security model, but can use different authentication and encryption key settings. To implement a security model for a user and avoid SNMP communication failures, make sure the security model configuration for the group and the security key settings for the user are compliant with Table 1 and match the settings on the NMS.

Table 1 Basic security setting requirements for different security models

Security model	Security model keyword for the group	Security key settings for the user	Remarks
Authentication with privacy	privacy	Authentication key, encryption key	If the authentication key or the encryption key is not configured, SNMP communication will fail.
Authentication without privacy	authentication	Authentication key	If no authentication key is configured, SNMP communication will fail. The encryption key (if any) for the user does not take effect.
No authentication, no privacy	Neither authentication nor privacy	None	The authentication and encryption keys, if configured, do not take effect.

 

To configure SNMPv3 basic parameters:

 

Step	Command	Remarks
1.     Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2.     (Optional.) Enable the SNMP agent.	snmp-agent	By default, the SNMP agent is disabled. The SNMP agent is enabled when you use any command that begins with snmp-agent except for the snmp-agent calculate-password command.
3.     (Optional.) Configure the system contact.	snmp-agent sys-info contact sys-contact	The default system contact is New H3C Technologies Co., Ltd..
4.     (Optional.) Configure the system location.	snmp-agent sys-info location sys-location	The default system location is Hangzhou, China.
5.     Enable SNMPv3.	snmp-agent sys-info version v3	By default, SNMPv3 is enabled.
6.     (Optional.) Change the local engine ID.	snmp-agent local-engineid engineid	By default, the local engine ID is the company ID plus the device ID.  IMPORTANT: After you change the local engine ID, the existing SNMPv3 users and encrypted keys become invalid, and you must reconfigure them.
7.     (Optional.) Configure a remote engine ID.	snmp-agent remote { ip-address | ipv6 ipv6-address } engineid engineid	By default, no remote engine ID is configured. To send informs to an SNMPv3 NMS, you must configure the SNMP engine ID of the NMS.
8.     (Optional.) Create or update a MIB view.	snmp-agent mib-view { excluded | included } view-name oid-tree [ mask mask-value ]	By default, the MIB view ViewDefault is predefined. In this view, all the MIB objects in the iso subtree but the snmpUsmMIB, snmpVacmMIB, and snmpModules.18 subtrees are accessible. Each view-name oid-tree pair represents a view record. If you specify the same record with different MIB sub-tree masks multiple times, the most recent configuration takes effect. Except for the four sub-trees in the default MIB view, you can create up to 16 unique MIB view records.
9.     (Optional.) Create an SNMPv3 group.	snmp-agent group v3 group-name [ authentication | privacy ] [ read-view view-name ] [ write-view view-name ] [ notify-view view-name ] [ acl { acl-number | name acl-name } | acl ipv6 { ipv6-acl-number | name ipv6-acl-name } ] *	By default, no SNMP group exists.
10.     (Optional.) Calculate the encrypted form for a key in plaintext form.	snmp-agent calculate-password plain-password mode { 3desmd5 | 3dessha | md5 | sha } { local-engineid | specified-engineid engineid }	N/A
11.     Create an SNMPv3 user.	·     In VACM mode: snmp-agent usm-user v3 user-name group-name [ remote { ip-address | ipv6 ipv6-address } [ { cipher | simple } authentication-mode { md5 | sha } auth-password [ privacy-mode { aes128 | 3des | des56 } priv-password ] ] [ acl { acl-number | name acl-name } | acl ipv6 { ipv6-acl-number | name ipv6-acl-name } ] * ·     In RBAC mode: snmp-agent usm-user v3 user-name user-role role-name [ remote { ip-address | ipv6 ipv6-address } ] [ { cipher | simple } authentication-mode { md5 | sha } auth-password [ privacy-mode { aes128 | 3des | des56 } priv-password ] ] [ acl { acl-number | name acl-name } | acl ipv6 { ipv6-acl-number | name ipv6-acl-name } ] *	If the cipher keyword is specified, the arguments auth-password and priv-password are used as encrypted keys. To send informs to an SNMPv3 NMS, you must configure the remote ip-address option to specify the IP address of the NMS.
12.     (Optional.) Assign a user role to an SNMPv3 user created in RBAC mode.	snmp-agent usm-user user-name v3 user-role role-name	By default, no SNMPv3 users are configured in RBAC mode.
13.     (Optional.) Create an SNMP context.	snmp-agent context context-name	By default, no SNMP context is configured on the device.
14.     (Optional.) Configure the maximum SNMP packet size (in bytes) that the SNMP agent can handle.	snmp-agent packet max-size byte-count	By default, the maximum size of SNMP packets that an SNMP agent can process is 1500 bytes.
15.     (Optional.) Specify the UDP port for receiving SNMP packets.	snmp-agent port port-num	By default, the device uses UDP port 161 for receiving SNMP packets.

 

Configuring SNMP logging

Enable SNMP logging only if necessary. SNMP logging is memory-intensive and might impact device performance.

The SNMP agent logs Get requests, Set requests, Set responses, SNMP notifications, and SNMP authentication failures, but does not log Get responses.

·     Get operation—The agent logs the IP address of the NMS, name of the accessed node, and node OID.

·     Set operation—The agent logs the NMS' IP address, name of accessed node, node OID, variable value, and error code and index for the Set operation.

·     Notification tracking—The agent logs the SNMP notifications after sending them to the NMS.

·     SNMP authentication failure—The agent logs related information when an NMS fails to be authenticated by the agent.

The SNMP module sends these logs to the information center. You can configure the information center to output these messages to certain destinations, such as the console and the log buffer. The total output size for the node field (MIB node name) and the value field (value of the MIB node) in each log entry is 1024 bytes. If this limit is exceeded, the information center truncates the data in the fields. For more information about the information center, see "Configuring the information center."

To configure SNMP logging:

 

Step	Command	Remarks
1.     Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2.     (Optional.) Enable SNMP logging.	snmp-agent log { all | authfail | get-operation | set-operation }	By default, SNMP logging is disabled.
3.     (Optional.) Enable SNMP notification logging.	snmp-agent trap log	By default, SNMP notification logging is disabled.

 

Configuring SNMP notifications

The SNMP Agent sends notifications (traps and informs) to inform the NMS of significant events, such as link state changes and user logins or logouts. Unless otherwise stated, the trap keyword in the command line includes both traps and informs.

Enabling SNMP notifications

Enable an SNMP notification only if necessary. SNMP notifications are memory-intensive and might affect device performance.

To generate linkUp or linkDown notifications when the link state of an interface changes, you must perform the following tasks:

·     Enable linkUp or linkDown notification globally by using the snmp-agent trap enable standard [ linkdown | linkup ] * command.

·     Enable linkUp or linkDown notification on the interface by using the enable snmp trap updown command.

After you enable notifications for a module, whether the module generates notifications also depends on the configuration of the module. For more information, see the configuration guide for each module.

To enable SNMP notifications:

 

Step	Command	Remarks
1.     Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2.     Enable notifications globally.	snmp-agent trap enable [ configuration | protocol | standard [ authentication | coldstart | linkdown | linkup | warmstart ] * | system ]	By default, SNMP configuration notifications, standard notifications, and system notifications are enabled. Whether other SNMP notifications are enabled varies by modules.
3.     Enter interface view.	interface interface-type interface-number	N/A
4.     Enable link state notifications.	enable snmp trap updown	By default, link state notifications are enabled.

 

Configuring the SNMP agent to send notifications to a host

You can configure the SNMP agent to send notifications as traps or informs to a host, typically an NMS, for analysis and management. Traps are less reliable and use fewer resources than informs, because an NMS does not send an acknowledgment when it receives a trap.

Configuration guidelines

When network congestion occurs or the destination is not reachable, the SNMP agent buffers notifications in a queue. You can configure the queue size and the notification lifetime (the maximum time that a notification can stay in the queue). A notification is deleted when its lifetime expires. When the notification queue is full, the oldest notifications are automatically deleted.

You can extend standard linkUp/linkDown notifications to include interface description and interface type, but must make sure the NMS supports the extended SNMP messages.

To send informs, make sure:

·     The SNMP agent and the NMS use SNMPv2c or SNMPv3.

·     If SNMPv3 is used, you must configure the SNMP engine ID of the NMS when you configure SNMPv3 basic settings. Also, specify the IP address of the SNMP engine when you create the SNMPv3 user.

Configuration prerequisites

Configure the SNMP agent with the same basic SNMP settings as the NMS. If SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c is used, you must configure a community name. If SNMPv3 is used, you must configure an SNMPv3 user, a MIB view, and a remote SNMP engine ID associated with the SNMPv3 user for notifications.

Make sure the SNMP agent and the NMS can reach each other.

Configuration procedure

To configure the SNMP agent to send notifications to a host:

 

Step	Command	Remarks
1.     Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2.     Configure a target host.	·     Send traps to the target host: snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-domain { ip-address | ipv6 ipv6-address } [ udp-port port-number ] params securityname security-string [ v1 | v2c | v3 [ authentication | privacy ] ] ·     Send informs to the target host: snmp-agent target-host inform address udp-domain { ip-address | ipv6 ipv6-address } [ udp-port port-number ] params securityname security-string { v2c | v3 [ authentication | privacy ] }	By default, no target host is configured.
3.     (Optional.) Configure a source address for notifications.	snmp-agent { inform | trap } source interface-type { interface-number | interface-number.subnumber }	By default, SNMP uses the IP address of the outgoing routed interface as the source IP address.
4.     (Optional.) Enable extended linkUp/linkDown notifications.	snmp-agent trap if-mib link extended	By default, the SNMP agent sends standard linkUp/linkDown notifications.
5.     (Optional.) Configure the notification queue size.	snmp-agent trap queue-size size	By default, the notification queue can hold 100 notification messages.
6.     (Optional.) Configure the notification lifetime.	snmp-agent trap life seconds	The default notification lifetime is 120 seconds.

 

Displaying the SNMP settings

Execute display commands in any view.

 

Task	Command
Display SNMP agent system information, including the contact, physical location, and SNMP version.	display snmp-agent sys-info [ contact | location | version ] *
Display SNMP agent statistics.	display snmp-agent statistics
Display the local engine ID.	display snmp-agent local-engineid
Display SNMP group information.	display snmp-agent group [ group-name ]
Display remote engine IDs.	display snmp-agent remote [ ip-address | ipv6 ipv6-address ]
Display basic information about the notification queue.	display snmp-agent trap queue
Display SNMP notifications enabling status for modules.	display snmp-agent trap-list
Display SNMPv3 user information.	display snmp-agent usm-user [ engineid engineid | username user-name | group group-name ] *
Display SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c community information.	display snmp-agent community [ read | write ]
Display MIB view information.	display snmp-agent mib-view [ exclude | include | viewname view-name ]
Display SNMP MIB node information.	display snmp-agent mib-node [ details | index-node | trap-node | verbose ]
Display an SNMP context.	display snmp-agent context [ context-name ]

 

SNMPv1/SNMPv2c configuration example

The SNMPv1 configuration procedure is the same as the SNMPv2c configuration procedure. This example uses SNMPv1.

Network requirements

As shown in Figure 3, the NMS (1.1.1.2/24) uses SNMPv1 to manage the SNMP agent (1.1.1.1/24), and the agent automatically sends notifications to report events to the NMS.

Figure 3 Network diagram

 

Configuration procedure

1.     Configure the SNMP agent:

# Configure the IP address of the agent and make sure the agent and the NMS can reach each other. (Details not shown.)

# Specify SNMPv1, and create the read-only community public and the read and write community private.

<AC> system-view

[AC] snmp-agent sys-info version v1

[AC] snmp-agent community read public

[AC] snmp-agent community write private

# Configure contact and physical location information for the agent.

[AC] snmp-agent sys-info contact Mr.Wang-Tel:3306

[AC] snmp-agent sys-info location telephone-closet,3rd-floor

# Enable SNMP notifications, specify the NMS at 1.1.1.2 as an SNMP trap destination, and use public as the community name. (To make sure the NMS can receive traps, specify the same SNMP version in the snmp-agent target-host command as is configured on the NMS.)

[AC] snmp-agent trap enable

[AC] snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-domain 1.1.1.2 params securityname public v1

2.     Configure the SNMP NMS:

¡     Specify SNMPv1.

¡     Create the read-only community public, and create the read and write community private.

¡     Set the timeout timer and maximum number of retries as needed.

For information about configuring the NMS, see the NMS manual.

 

NOTE: The SNMP settings on the agent and the NMS must match.

 

Verifying the configuration

# Try to get the MTU value of NULL0 interface from the agent. The attempt succeeds.

Send request to 1.1.1.1/161 ...

Protocol version: SNMPv1

Operation: Get

Request binding:

1: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.4.135471

Response binding:

1: Oid=ifMtu.135471 Syntax=INT Value=1500

Get finished

# Use a wrong community name to get the value of a MIB node on the agent. You can see an authentication failure trap on the NMS.

1.1.1.1/2934 V1 Trap = authenticationFailure

SNMP Version = V1

Community = public

Command = Trap

Enterprise = 1.3.6.1.4.1.43.1.16.4.3.50

GenericID = 4

SpecificID = 0

Time Stamp = 8:35:25.68

SNMPv3 configuration example

Network requirements

As shown in Figure 4, the NMS (1.1.1.2/24) uses SNMPv3 to monitor and manage the agent (1.1.1.1/24). The agent automatically sends notifications to report events to the NMS. The default UDP port 162 is used for SNMP notifications.

The NMS and the agent perform authentication when they establish an SNMP session. The authentication algorithm is SHA-1 and the authentication key is 123456TESTauth&!. The NMS and the agent also encrypt the SNMP packets between them by using the AES algorithm and the encryption key 123456TESTencr&!.

Figure 4 Network diagram

 

Configuration procedure

Configuring SNMPv3 in RBAC mode

1.     Configure the agent:

# Assign IP address 1.1.1.1/24 to the agent and make sure the agent and the NMS can reach each other. (Details not shown.)

# Create user role test, and assign test read-only access to the objects under the snmpMIB subtree (OID: 1.3.6.1.6.3.1), including the linkUp and linkDown objects.

<AC> system-view

[AC] role name test

[AC-role-test] rule 1 permit read oid 1.3.6.1.6.3.1

# Assign user role test read-only access to the system subtree (OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1) and read-write access to the interfaces subtree (OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2).

[AC-role-test] rule 2 permit read oid 1.3.6.1.2.1.1

[AC-role-test] rule 3 permit read write oid 1.3.6.1.2.1.2

[AC-role-test] quit

# Create SNMPv3 user RBACtest. Assign user role test to RBACtest. Set the authentication algorithm to sha, authentication key to 123456TESTauth&!, encryption algorithm to aes128, and encryption key to 123456TESTencr&!.

[AC] snmp-agent usm-user v3 RBACtest user-role test simple authentication-mode sha 123456TESTauth&! privacy-mode aes128 123456TESTencr&!

# Configure contact and physical location information for the agent.

[AC] snmp-agent sys-info contact Mr.Wang-Tel:3306

[AC] snmp-agent sys-info location telephone-closet,3rd-floor

# Enable notifications on the agent. Specify the NMS at 1.1.1.2 as the target host, and RBACtest as the username.

[AC] snmp-agent trap enable

[AC] snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-domain 1.1.1.2 params securityname RBACtest v3 privacy

2.     Configure the SNMP NMS:

¡     Specify SNMPv3.

¡     Create SNMPv3 user RBACtest.

¡     Enable authentication and privacy.

¡     Specify the SHA-1 authentication algorithm and AES encryption algorithm.

¡     Set the authentication key to 123456TESTauth&! and the encryption key to 123456TESTencr&!.

¡     Set the timeout timer and maximum number of retries.

For information about configuring the NMS, see the NMS manual.

 

NOTE: The SNMP settings on the agent and the NMS must match.

 

Configuring SNMPv3 in VACM mode

1.     Configure the agent:

# Assign IP address 1.1.1.1/24 to the agent, and make sure the agent and the NMS can reach each other. (Details not shown.)

# Create MIB view test and include subtree snmpMIB in the view. Create SNMPv3 group managev3group and assign managev3group read-write access to objects in the test view, including the linkUp and linkDown objects.

<AC> system-view

[AC] undo snmp-agent mib-view ViewDefault

[AC] snmp-agent mib-view included test snmpMIB

[AC] snmp-agent group v3 managev3group privacy read-view test write-view test

# Include the system subtree (OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1) and interfaces subtree (OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2) in the test view. Assign SNMPv3 group managev3group write access to the test view.

[AC] snmp-agent mib-view included test 1.3.6.1.2.1.1

[AC] snmp-agent mib-view included test 1.3.6.1.2.1.2

[AC] snmp-agent group v3 managev3group privacy write-view test

# Add user VACMtest to SNMPv3 group managev3group, and set the authentication algorithm to sha, authentication key to 123456TESTauth&!, encryption algorithm to aes128, and encryption key to 123456TESTencr&!.

[AC] snmp-agent usm-user v3 VACMtest managev3group simple authentication-mode sha 123456TESTauth&! privacy-mode aes128 123456TESTencr&!

# Configure contact and physical location information for the agent.

[AC] snmp-agent sys-info contact Mr.Wang-Tel:3306

[AC] snmp-agent sys-info location telephone-closet,3rd-floor

# Enable notifications on the agent. Specify the NMS at 1.1.1.2 as the target host, and VACMtest as the username.

[AC] snmp-agent trap enable

[AC] snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-domain 1.1.1.2 params securityname VACMtest v3 privacy

2.     Configure the SNMP NMS:

¡     Specify SNMPv3.

¡     Create SNMPv3 user VACMtest.

¡     Enable authentication and privacy.

¡     Specify the SHA-1 authentication algorithm and AES encryption algorithm.

¡     Set the authentication key to 123456TESTauth&! and the encryption key to 123456TESTencr&!.

¡     Set the timeout timer and maximum number of retries.

For information about configuring the NMS, see the NMS manual.

 

NOTE: The SNMP settings on the agent and the NMS must match.

 

Verifying the configuration

·     Use username RBACtest to access the agent.

# Retrieve the value of the sysName node. The value Agent is returned.

# Set the value for the sysName node to Sysname. The operation fails because the NMS does not have write access to the node.

# Shut down or bring up an interface on the agent. The NMS receives linkUP (OID: 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.4) or linkDown (OID: 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3) notifications.

·     Use username VACMtest to access the agent.

# Retrieve the value of the sysName node. The value Agent is returned.

# Set the value for the sysName node to Sysname. The operation succeeds.

# Shut down or bring up an interface on the agent. The NMS receives linkUP (OID: 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.4) or linkDown (OID: 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3) notifications.