H3C Low-End Ethernet Switches Configuration Examples(V1.04)

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06-Multicast Protocol Configuration Examples
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Multicast Protocol Configuration Examples

Keywords: IGMP, PIM-DM, PIM-SM, MSDP, IGMP Snooping

Abstract: This document introduces how to configure multicast functions on Ethernet switches in practical networking, based on three typical networking scenarios:

1. Deployment of PIM-DM plus IGMP, with and without IGMP Snooping respectively. Multicast group filtering in IGMP and IGMP Snooping is mainly described for this scenario.

2. Deployment of PIM-SM plus IGMP, with and without IGMP Snooping respectively. Simulated joining is mainly described for this scenario.

3. IGMP Snooping only. The function of dropping unknown multicast data is mainly described for this scenario.

Acronyms: Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), Internet Group Management Protocol Snooping (IGMP Snooping), Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode (PIM-DM), Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode (PIM-SM), Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)

 


Chapter 1  Multicast Protocol Overview

1.1  Overview

Different from unicast and broadcast, the multicast technique efficiently addresses the issue of point-to-multipoint data transmission. By allowing high-efficiency point-to-multipoint data transmission, multicast greatly saves network bandwidth and reduces network load.

With the multicast technique, service providers can easily provide new value-added services, such as live Webcasting, Web TV, distance learning, Telemedicine, Web radio, real-time videoconferencing, and other bandwidth- and time-critical information services.

I. IGMP

As a TCP/IP protocol responsible for IP multicast group membership management, the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used by IP hosts to establish and maintain their multicast group memberships to the immediately neighboring multicast router.

II. PIM

Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) provides IP multicast forwarding by leveraging unicast routing tables generated by static routing or any unicast routing protocol, such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), or the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). PIM uses the unicast routing table to perform reverse path forwarding (RPF) check in multicast forwarding.

Based on the forwarding mechanism, PIM falls into two modes:

l           PIM-DM

l           PIM-SM

PIM-DM is a type of dense mode multicast protocol. It uses the “push mode” for multicast forwarding, suitable for small-sized networks with densely distributed multicast group members. .

PIM-SM is a type of sparse mode multicast protocol. It uses the “pull mode” for multicast forwarding, suitable for large- and medium-sized networks with sparsely and widely distributed multicast group members.

III. IGMP Snooping

Internet Group Management Protocol Snooping (IGMP Snooping) is a multicast monitoring mechanism that runs on Layer 2 devices to manage and control multicast groups. By analyzing received IGMP messages, a Layer 2 device running IGMP Snooping establishes mappings between ports and MAC multicast groups and forwards multicast data based on these mappings.

IV. MSDP

The Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) is an inter-domain multicast solution for the interconnection of PIM-SM domains. It is used to discover the multicast source information in other PIM-SM domains.

Within a PIM-SM domain, the multicast source registers only with the local rendezvous point (RP). Therefore, the RP knows all the sources within its own domain only. If there is a mechanism that allows RPs of different PIM-SM domains to share their multicast source information, the information of active sources in other domains can be delivered to the local receivers, so that multicast data can be transmitted among different domains. MSDP achieves this objective. By setting up MSDP peering relationships among RPs of different domains, MSDP propagates source active (SA) messages, which carry multicast source information, between these MSDP peers, thus to allow multicast traffic to flow between different PIM-SM domains.

V. IGMP Proxy

When a multicast routing protocol (such as PIM-DM) is deployed on a large network, many stub networks may exist. It is tedious work to configure and manage these stub networks.

To minimize the workload of such configuration and management without affecting the multicast connections of the multicast networks, you can configure IGMP Proxy on a Layer 3 switch in the edge networks, so that the Layer 3 switch forwards the IGMP join and IGMP leave messages sent by the hosts attached to it. After the IGMP Proxy configuration, the Layer 3 switch is no longer a PIM neighbor to the external network; instead, it is a host. The Layer 3 switch receives multicast data for a multicast group only when a member of that group is directly attached to it.

1.2  Support of Multicast Features

Multicast features supported by the H3C series Ethernet switches vary with device models. For details, see the corresponding operation manuals. Table 1-1 lists the multicast features supported by H3C series Ethernet switches.

Table 1-1 Multicast features supported by the H3C low-end ethernet  switches

Feature

Model

IGMP Snooping

IGMP

PIM

MSDP

S3600-EI

l

l

l

l

S3600-SI

l

S5600

l

l

l

l

S5100

l

S3100-SI

l

 

1.3  Configuration Guidance

The following configuration guidance describes the configuration of multicast features based on the implementations on the S5600 series Ethernet switches. For more information, see the corresponding operation manuals.

1.3.1  Configuring IGMP Snooping

Complete these tasks to configure IGMP Snooping:

Configuration task

Remarks

Enabling IGMP Snooping

Required

Configuring IGMP-Snooping timers

Optional

Configuring fast leave processing

Optional

Configuring a multicast group filter

Optional

Configuring the maximum number of multicast groups that can be joined on a port

Optional

Configuring IGMP Snooping querier

Optional

 

I. Enabling IGMP Snooping

Follow these steps to enable IGMP Snooping:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enable IGMP Snooping

igmp-snooping enable

Required

Disabled by default.

Enter VLAN view

vlan vlan-id

Enable IGMP Snooping

igmp-snooping enable

Required

Disabled by default.

 

II. Configuring IGMP-Snooping timers

Follow these steps to configure IGMP-Snooping timers:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Configure an aging timer of router port

igmp-snooping router-aging-time seconds

Optional

By default, the router port aging time is 105 seconds.

Configure a response-to-query timer

igmp-snooping max-response-time seconds

Optional

By default, the maximum response-to-query time is 10 seconds.

Configure an aging timer of a member port of a multicast group

igmp-snooping host-aging-time seconds

Optional

By default, the aging time of the multicast group member port is 260 seconds.

 

III. Configuring fast leave processing

1)         Configure fast leave processing in system view

Follow these steps to configure fast leave processing in system view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Configure fast leave processing

igmp-snooping fast-leave [ vlan vlan-list ]

Required

Disabled by default

 

2)         Configure fast leave in Ethernet port view

Follow these steps to configure fast leave processing in Ethernet port view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter Ethernet port view

interface interface-type interface-number

Configure fast leave processing

igmp-snooping fast-leave [ vlan vlan-list ]

Required

Disabled by default

 

IV. Configuring a multicast group filter

1)         Configure a multicast group filter in system view

Follow these steps to configure a multicast group filter in system view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Configure a multicast group filter

igmp-snooping group-policy acl-number [ vlan vlan-list ]

Required

Disabled by default

 

2)         Configure a multicast group filter in Ethernet port view

Follow these steps to configure a multicast group filter in Ethernet port view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter Ethernet port view

interface interface-type interface-number

Configure a multicast group filter

igmp-snooping group-policy acl-number [ vlan vlan-list ]

Required

Disabled by default

 

V. Configuring the maximum number of multicast groups that can be joined on a port

Follow these steps to configure the maximum number of multicast groups that can be joined on a port:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter Ethernet port view

interface interface-type interface-number

Configure maximum number of multicast groups that can be joined on the port

igmp-snooping group-limit limit [ vlan vlan-list [ overflow-replace ] ]

Required

The system default is 255.

 

VI. Configuring IGMP Snooping querier

Follow these steps to configure IGMP Snooping querier:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enable IGMP Snooping

igmp-snooping enable

Required

Disabled by default

Enter VLAN view

vlan vlan-id

Enable IGMP Snooping

igmp-snooping enable

Required

Disabled by default

Enable IGMP-Snooping querier

igmp-snooping querier

Required

Disabled by default

Configure the query interval

igmp-snooping query-interval seconds

Optional

The system default is 60 seconds.

Configure a source IP address for general query messages

igmp-snooping general-query source-ip { current-interface | ip-address }

Optional

The system default is 0.0.0.0.

 

1.3.2  Configuring IGMP

Complete these tasks to configure IGMP:

Configuration task

Remarks

Enabling IGMP

Required

Configuring IGMP version

Optional

Configuring parameters related to IGMP queries

Optional

Configuring the maximum allowed number of multicast groups

Optional

Configuring a multicast group filter

Optional

Configuring simulated joining

Optional

Configuring IGMP proxy

Optional

Removing joined IGMP groups from an interface

Optional

 

I. Enabling IGMP

Follow these steps to enable IGMP:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enable multicast routing

multicast routing-enable

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Enabling IGMP

igmp enable

Required

Disabled by default

 

  Caution:

The following configurations in this chapter are implemented after multicast routing is enabled on the device and IGMP is enabled on the corresponding interface.

 

II. Configuring IGMP version

Follow these steps to configure IGMP version:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Configure IGMP version

igmp version { 1 | 2 }

Required

IGMPv2 by default

 

  Caution:

The device cannot switch from one IGMP version to another automatically. All switches on the same subnet must run the same version of IGMP.

 

III. Configuring parameters related to IGMP queries

Follow these steps to configure parameters related to IGMP queries:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Configure IGMP query interval

igmp timer query seconds

Optional

The system default is 60 seconds.

Configure the IGMP last member query interval

igmp lastmember-queryinterval seconds

Optional

The system default is 1 second.

Configure the IGMP last member query count

igmp robust-count robust-value

Optional

The system default is two.

Configure the IGMP other querier present interval

igmp timer other-querier-present seconds

Optional

The system default is 120 seconds, twice the interval specified by the igmp timer query command.

Configure the maximum response time

igmp max-response-time seconds

Optional

The system default is 10 seconds.

 

IV. Configuring the maximum allowed number of multicast groups

Follow these steps to configure the maximum number of multicast groups allowed to be joined on an interface:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Configure the maximum number of multicast groups allowed on the interface

igmp group-limit limit

Required

The system default is 256.

 

  Caution:

If you configure the maximum number of multicast groups allowed on an interface to 1, a new group joined on the interface automatically supersedes the existing one.

If the number of existing multicast groups is larger than the limit configured on the interface, the system will remove the oldest entries automatically until the number of multicast groups on the interface conforms to the configured limit.

 

V. Configuring a multicast group filter

1)         Configure a multicast group filter in VLAN interface view

Follow these steps to configure a multicast group filter in VLAN interface view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Configure a multicast group filter

igmp group-policy acl-number [ 1 | 2 | port interface-type interface-number [ to interface-type interface-number ] ]

Optional

No filter is configured by default.

 

2)         Configuring a multicast group filter in Ethernet port view

Follow these steps to configure a multicast group filter in Ethernet port view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter Ethernet port view

interface interface-type interface-number

Configure a multicast group filter

igmp group-policy acl-number vlan vlan-id

Optional

No multicast group filter is configured by default. The port must belong to the specified VLAN.

 

VI. Configuring simulated joining

1)         Configure simulated joining in VLAN interface view

Follow these steps to configure simulated joining in VLAN interface view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Configure simulated joining

igmp host-join group-address port interface-list

Optional

Disabled by default

 

2)         Configure simulated joining in Ethernet port view

Follow these steps to configure simulated joining in VLAN interface view:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter Ethernet port view

interface interface-type interface-number

Configure simulated joining

igmp host-join group-address vlan vlan-id

Optional

Disabled by default

 

  Caution:

Before configuring simulated joining, you must enable IGMP in VLAN interface view.

If you configure a port as a simulated host in Ethernet port view, the Ethernet port must belong to the specified VLAN; otherwise the configuration does not take effect.

 

VII. Configuring IGMP proxy

Follow these steps to configure IGMP proxy:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enable multicast routing

multicast routing-enable

Required

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Enable IGMP

igmp enable

Required

Configure IGMP proxy

igmp proxy Vlan-interface interface-number

Required

Disabled by default

 

  Caution:

l      You must enable PIM on the interface before configuring the igmp proxy command. Otherwise, the IGMP proxy feature does not take effect.

l      One interface cannot serve as the proxy interface for two or more interfaces.

l      When you configure the IP address of the interface that will serve as an IGMP proxy, make sure that the IP address is not the lowest on this subnet to prevent this interface from being elected as the IGMP querier on the subnet, as this will result in failure of multicast data forwarding.

 

VIII. Removing joined IGMP groups from an interface

Follow these steps to remove joined IGMP groups from an interface:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Remove the specified group or all groups from the specified interface or all interfaces

reset igmp group { all | interface interface-type interface-number { all | group-address [ group-mask ] } }

The reset command available in user view.

 

  Caution:

After a multicast group is removed from an interface, hosts attached to interface can join the multicast group again.

 

1.3.3  Configuring PIM

I. Configuring PIM-DM

Follow these steps to configure PIM-DM:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enable multicast routing

multicast routing-enable

Required

Disabled by default

Enter PIM view

pim

Configure a multicast source or multicast source-group filter

source-policy acl-number

Optional

You can define the related IP addresses in an ACL.

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Enable PIM-DM

pim dm

Required

Configure the hello interval on the interface

pim timer hello seconds

Optional

The system default is 30 seconds.

Configure a limit on the number of PIM neighbors on the interface

pim neighbor-limit limit

Optional

The default value is 128.

Configure the filtering policy for PIM neighbors

pim neighbor-policy acl-number

Optional

You can define the related IP addresses in an ACL.

Disabled by default

 

II. Configuring PIM-SM

Follow these steps to configure PIM-SM:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enable multicast routing

multicast routing-enable

Required

Disabled by default

Enter PIM view

pim

Configure a multicast source or multicast source-group filter

source-policy acl-number

Optional

You can define the related IP addresses in an ACL.

Configure a C-BSR

c-bsr interface-type interface-number hash-mask-len [ priority ]

Optional

By default, no C-BSR is configured. The default priority is 0.

Configure a C-RP

c-rp interface-type interface-number [ group-policy acl-number | priority priority ]*

Optional

By default, no C-RP is configured. The default priority is 0.

Configure a static RP

static-rp rp-address [ acl-number ]

Optional

No static RP is configured by default.

Configure a legal BSR address range

bsr-policy acl-number

Optional

No legal BSR address range is configured by default.

Configure a legal C-RP address range

crp-policy acl-number

Optional

You can define the related IP address ranges in an ACL.

No legal C-RP address range is configured by default.

Configure to filter the register messages from RP to DR

register-policy acl-number

Optional

You can define the related IP addresses in an ACL.

Disabled by default.

Disable RPT-to-SPT switchover

spt-switch-threshold infinity [ group-policy acl-number [ order order-value ] ]

Optional

By default, the device switches to the SPT immediately after it receives the first multicast packet from the RPT.

Enter VLAN interface view

interface Vlan-interface interface-number

Enable PIM-SM

pim sm

Required

Configuring a PIM-SM domain boundary

pim bsr-boundary

Optional

By default, no PIM-SM domain boundary is configured

Configure the hello interval on the interface

pim timer hello seconds

Optional

The system default is 30 seconds.

Configure the maximum number of PIM neighbors allowed on the interface

pim neighbor-limit limit

Optional

The default value is 128.

Configure the filtering policy for PIM neighbors

pim neighbor-policy acl-number

Optional

You can define the related IP addresses in an ACL.

Disabled by default

 

1.3.4  Configuring MSDP

I. Configuring MSDP basic functions

Follow these steps to configure MSDP basic functions:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enable MSDP and enter MSDP view

msdp

Required

Create an MSDP peer connection

peer peer-address connect-interface interface-type interface-number

Required

You need to configure related parameters on both devices between which the peer connection is to be created. The peer ID is an address pair (the IP address of the local interface and the IP address of the remote MSDP peer).

Configure a static RPF peer

static-rpf-peer peer-address [ rp-policy ip-prefix-name ]

Optional

For an area with only one MSDP peer, if BGP or MBGP is not running, you need to configure a static RPF peer.

 

II. Configuring MSDP peer connections

Complete these tasks to configure connection between MSDP peers:

Configuration task

Remarks

Configure description information for MSDP peer

Required

Configure an MSDP mesh group

Optional

Configure MSDP peer connection control

Optional

 

1)         Configure description information for MSDP peers

Follow these steps to configure description information of an MSDP peer:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Configure description information for an MSDP peer

peer peer-address description text

Optional

No description information is configured for MSDP peers by default.

 

2)         Configure an MSDP mesh group

Follow these steps to configure an MSDP mesh group:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Add an MSDP peer in a mesh group

peer peer-address mesh-group name

Required

An MSDP peer does not belong to any mesh group by default.

 

&  Note:

l      Before grouping multiple routers into an MSDP mesh group, make sure that these routers are interconnected with one another.

l      To add different MSDP peers into an MSDP mesh group, configure the same mesh group name on them.

l      An MSDP peer can belong to only one mesh group. A newly configured mesh group name supersedes the existing one.

 

3)         Configure MSDP peer connection control

Follow these steps to configure MSDP peer connection control:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Shut down an MSDP peer

shutdown peer-address

Optional

By default, MSDP peers are connected.

Configure the MSDP peer connection retry period

timer retry seconds

Optional

The system default is 30 seconds.

 

III. Configuring SA message delivery

Complete these tasks to configure SA message delivery:

Configuration task

Remarks

Configure the RP address in SA message

Optional

Configure the SA message cache

Optional

Configure SA message transmission and filtering

Optional

Configure a rule for filtering multicast sources in SA messages

Optional

Configure a filtering rule for receiving or forwarding SA messages

Optional

 

1)         Configure the RP address in SA messages

Follow these steps to configure the RP address in SA messages:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Configure the RP address in SA messages

originating-rp interface-type interface-number

Optional

By default, the RP address in an SA message is the PIM RP address.

 

&  Note:

In Anycast RP application, C-BSR and C-RP must be configured on different devices or ports.

 

2)         Configure the SA message cache

Follow these steps to configure the SA message cache:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Enable the SA message cache mechanism

cache-sa-enable

Optional

Enabled by default

Configure the maximum number of SA messages the router can cache

peer peer-address sa-cache-maximum sa-limit

Optional

The system default is 2048.

 

3)         Configure SA message transmission and filtering

Follow these steps to configure SA message transmission and filtering:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Enable the SA message cache mechanism

cache-sa-enable

Optional

After receiving an SA message, a router caches SA state by default.

Enable the router to send SA requests to the designated MSDP peer

peer peer-address request-sa-enable

Optional

By default, upon receiving a new Join message, a router does not send an SA request message to its designated MSDP peer; instead it waits for the next SA message.

Configure a filtering rule for SA requests from the specified MSDP peer

peer peer-address sa-request-policy [ acl acl-number ]

Optional

Be default, a router receives all SA request messages from its MSDP peer.

 

4)         Configure a rule for filtering multicast sources in SA messages

Follow these steps to configure a rule for filtering the multicast sources of SA messages:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Configure multicast source filtering at SA message creation

import-source [ acl acl-number ]

Optional

By default, SA messages advertise all the (S, G) entries in the domain.

 

5)         Configure a filtering rule for receiving or forwarding SA messages

Follow these steps to configure a filtering rule for receiving or forwarding SA messages:

To do...

Use the command...

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

Enter MSDP view

msdp

Configure a filtering rule for receiving or forwarding SA messages

peer peer-address sa-policy { import | export } [ acl acl-number ]

Optional

By default, no filtering rule is configured for receiving or forwarding SA messages, namely, all SA messages from MSDP peers will be accepted or forwarded.

Configure the minimum TTL required for an SA-encapsulated multicast packet to be forwarded to the specified MSDP peer

peer peer-address minimum-ttl ttl-value

Optional

The system default is 0.

 


Chapter 2  Multicast Protocol Configuration Examples

2.1  PIM-DM plus IGMP plus IGMP Snooping Configuration Example

2.1.1  Requirement Analysis

When users receive voice on demand (VOD) information through multicast, the information receiving mode may vary based on user requirements:

1)         To avoid video broadcast at Layer 2, IGMP Snooping is enabled on Switch E, through which Host A and Host B receive the multicast data.

2)         To ensure reliable and stable reception of multicast data, Switch B and Switch C provide uplink backup for the directly attached stub network N1, which comprises multicast receivers Host C and Host D.

3)         All the Layer 3 switches run RIP for unicast routing and run PIM-DM for multicast routing.

2.1.2  Configuration Plan

1)         Switch D connects to the network that comprises the multicast source (Source) through VLAN-interface 300.

2)         Switch A connects to Switch E through VLAN-interface 100, and to Switch D through VLAN-interface 103.

3)         Switch B and Switch C connect to stub network N1 through their respective VLAN-interface 200, and to Switch D through VLAN-interface 101 and VLAN-interface 102 respectively.

4)         Enable IGMPv2 on VLAN-interface 100 of Switch A. Enable IGMP Snooping on Switch E and in VLAN 100. Run IGMPv2 on Switch B, Switch C, and the hosts in stub network N1. Typically, Switch B acts as the IGMP querier.

2.1.3  Network Diagram

Device

Interface

IP address

Ports

Switch A

Vlan-int100

10.110.1.1/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlan-int103

192.168.1.1/24

Ethernet1/0/2

Switch B

Vlan-int200

10.110.2.1/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlan-int101

192.168.2.1/24

Ethernet1/0/2

Switch C

Vlan-int200

10.110.2.2/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlan-int102

192.168.3.1/24

Ethernet1/0/2

Switch D

Vlan-int300

10.110.5.1/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlan-int103

192.168.1.2/24

Ethernet1/0/2

 

Vlan-int101

192.168.2.2/24

Ethernet1/0/3

 

Vlan-int102

192.168.3.2/24

Ethernet1/0/4

Switch E

Vlan 100

Ethernet1/0/1, Ethernet1/0/2, Ethernet1/0/3

Figure 2-1 Network diagram for PIM-DM plus IGMP plus IGMP Snooping configuration

2.1.4  Configuration Procedure

I. Configuring VLANs, VLAN interfaces and IP addresses on each switch

# Configure VLANs, VLAN interfaces, and their IP addresses on Switch A.

<SwitchA> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[SwitchA] vlan 100

[SwitchA-vlan100] port Ethernet 1/0/1

[SwitchA-vlan100] quit

[SwitchA] vlan 103

[SwitchA-vlan103] port Ethernet 1/0/2

[SwitchA-vlan103] quit

[SwitchA] interface Vlan-interface 100

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] ip address 10.110.1.1 24

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] quit

[SwitchA] interface Vlan-interface 103

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface103] ip address 192.168.1.1 24

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface103] quit

Configure VLANs, VLAN interfaces, and their IP addresses on other switches as per Figure 2-1. The detailed configuration steps are omitted here.

II. Configuring the unicast routing protocol

# Enable RIP on Switch A, and then enable RIP on subnets 192.168.1.0 and 10.110.1.0.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] rip

[SwitchA- rip] network 192.168.1.0

[SwitchA- rip] network 10.110.1.0

[SwitchA- rip] quit

The configuration on Switch B, Switch C, and Switch D is similar to the configuration on Switch A.

III. Configuring the multicast protocols

# Enable IP multicast routing on Switch A, enable PIM-DM on each interface, and then enable IGMPv2 on VLAN-interface 100.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] multicast routing-enable

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 100

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] igmp enable

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] pim dm

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] quit

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 103

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface103] pim dm

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface103] quit

The configuration on Switch B and Switch C is similar to the configuration on Switch A.

# Enable multicast routing on Switch D, and enable PIM-DM on each interface.

<SwitchD> system-view

[SwitchD] multicast routing-enable

[SwitchD] interface vlan-interface 300

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface300] pim dm

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface300] quit

[SwitchD] interface vlan-interface 103

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface103] pim dm

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface103] quit

[SwitchD] interface vlan-interface 101

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface101] pim dm

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface101] quit

[SwitchD] interface vlan-interface 102

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface102] pim dm

[SwitchD-Vlan-interface102] quit

# Enable IGMP Snooping on Switch E, and enable IGMP Snooping in VLAN 100.

<SwitchE> system-view

[SwitchE] igmp-snooping enable

  Enable IGMP-Snooping ok.

[SwitchE] vlan 100

[SwitchE-vlan100] igmp-snooping enable

[SwitchE-vlan100] quit

IV. Verifying the configuration

Now start sending multicast data to multicast group 224.1.1.1 from Source and start receiving the multicast data on Host A, and take the following steps to verify the configurations made on the switches.

1)         Check whether the multicast stream can flow to Host A.

# View the PIM neighboring relationships on Switch D.

<SwitchD> display pim neighbor

Neighbor's Address  Interface Name                 Uptime    Expires

192.168.2.1         Vlan-interface101               02:45:04  00:04:46

192.168.3.1         Vlan-interface102               02:42:24  00:04:45

192.168.1.1         Vlan-interface103               02:43:44  00:05:44

# View the multicast forwarding table of Switch D.

<SwitchD>display multicast forwarding-table

Multicast Forwarding Cache Table

Total 1 entries: 0 entry created by IP, 1 entries created by protocol

 

00001. (10.110.5.110, 224.1.1.1), iif Vlan-interface1, 1 oifs,

     Protocol Create

     List of outgoing interface:

       01: Vlan-interface101

     Matched 181 pkts(271500 bytes), Wrong If 0 pkts

     Forwarded 130 pkts(195000 bytes)

 

Total 1 entries Listed

# View the multicast forwarding table of Switch A.

<SwitchA>display multicast forwarding-table

Multicast Forwarding Cache Table

Total 1 entry: 0 entry created by IP, 1 entry created by protocol

 

00001. (10.110.5.110, 224.1.1.1), iif Vlan-interface101, 1 oifs,

     Protocol Create

     List of outgoing interface:

       01: Vlan-interface100

     Matched 451 pkts(676500 bytes), Wrong If 0 pkts

     Forwarded 451 pkts(676500 bytes)

 

Total 1 entry Listed

Matched 1 entry

# View the multicast group information that contains port information on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display mpm group

  Total 1 IP Group(s).

  Total 1 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):101.

    Total 0 IP Group(s).

    Total 0 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/2

  Vlan(id):200.

    Total 1 IP Group(s).

    Total 1 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):

    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group.

        IP group address:224.1.1.1

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/15

    MAC group(s):

        MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/15

# View the information about the multicast group entries created by IGMP Snooping on Switch E.

<SwitchE> display igmp-snooping group

  Total 1 IP Group(s).

  Total 1 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):100.

    Total 1 IP Group(s).

    Total 1 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/2

    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group.

        IP group address:224.1.1.1

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/19

    MAC group(s):

        MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/19

The above-mentioned information shows that multicast forwarding entries have been correctly established on Switch D and Switch A, and multicast traffic can successfully flow to Host A.

2)         Configure IGMP Snooping multicast group filtering on Switch E

# Configure to filter the packets for the multicast group 224.1.1.1 on Switch E.

<SwitchE> system-view

[SwitchE-acl-basic-2000] rule deny source 224.1.1.1 0

[SwitchE-acl-basic-2000] rule permit source any

[SwitchE-acl-basic-2000] quit

[SwitchE]igmp-snooping group-policy 2000 vlan 100

# View multicast forwarding entries on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display multicast forwarding-table

Multicast Forwarding Cache Table

Total 1 entry: 0 entry created by IP, 1 entry created by protocol

 

00001. (10.110.5.100, 224.1.1.1), iif Vlan-interface101, 0 oifs,

     Protocol Create

     Matched 5 pkts(7500 bytes), Wrong If 0 pkts

     Forwarded 0 pkts(0 bytes)

 

Total 1 entry Listed

As shown above, Switch A has stopped forwarding multicast data for the multicast group 224.1.1.1.

# View multicast group information on Switch E.

<SwitchE> display igmp-snooping group

  Total 0 IP Group(s).

  Total 0 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):200.

    Total 0 IP Group(s).

    Total 0 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/19

With multicast group filtering enabled, the corresponding ports drop IGMP reports for the filtered group and will be removed for that group when their respective port aging timer expires.

3)         Configure IGMP multicast group filtering on Switch A.

# Disable multicast group filtering on Switch E.

<SwitchE> system-view

[SwitchE] undo igmp-snooping group-policy

 

&  Note:

To verify the configuration of IGMP multicast group filtering on Switch A, disable IGMP Snooping multicast group filtering on Switch E first.

 

Configure to filter the multicast group 224.1.1.1 on VLAN-interface 100 of Switch A, and then display the multicast forwarding entries of Switch A.

# Configure to filter the multicast group 224.1.1.1 on VLAN-interface 100 of Switch A.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] acl number 2000

[SwitchA-acl-basic-2000] rule deny source  224.1.1.1 0

[SwitchA-acl-basic-2000] rule permit source any

[SwitchA-acl-basic-2000] quit

[SwitchA] interface Vlan-interface 100

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] igmp group-policy 2000

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] return

# View multicast forwarding entries on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display multicast forwarding-table

Multicast Forwarding Cache Table

Total 1 entry: 0 entry created by IP, 1 entry created by protocol

 

00001. (10.110.5.100, 224.1.1.1), iif Vlan-interface101, 0 oifs,

     Protocol Create

     Matched 5 pkts(7500 bytes), Wrong If 0 pkts

     Forwarded 0 pkts(0 bytes)

 

Total 1 entry Listed

# View multicast group information on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display igmp group

 Total 0 IGMP groups reported on this router

After multicast group filtering is enabled, the corresponding port cannot receive IGMP reports. Thus, the corresponding multicast groups are deleted after the port aging timer expires.

 

&  Note:

As shown above, IGMP Snooping multicast group filtering has the same function as IGMP multicast group filtering. You can use either approach based on the specific situation.

 

2.2  PIM-SM plus IGMP plus IGMP Snooping Configuration Examples

2.2.1  Requirement Analysis

When users receive VOD information through multicast, the information receiving mode may vary based on user requirements:

1)         To avoid broadcasting of the video information at Layer 2, IGMP Snooping is enabled on Switch E, through which Host A and Host B receive the multicast data.

2)         To ensure reliable and stable reception of multicast data, Switch B and Switch C provide uplink backup for the directly attached stub network N1, which comprises multicast receivers Host C and Host D.

3)         Configure the PIM-SM domain as a single-BSR domain. Run OSPF for unicast routing in the domain.

2.2.2  Configuration Plan

1)         Switch D connects to the network that comprises the multicast source (Source) through VLAN-interface 300.

2)         Switch A connects to Switch F through VLAN-interface 100, and to Switch D and Switch E through VLAN-interface 101 and VLAN-interface 102 respectively.

3)         Switch B and Switch C connect to stub network N1 through their respective VLAN-interface 200, and to Switch E through VLAN-interface 103 and VLAN-interface 104 respectively.

4)         It is required that VLAN-interface 105 of Switch D and VLAN-interface 102 of Switch E act as C-BSR and C-RP.

5)         IGMPv2 is required on VLAN-interface 100 of Switch A. IGMP Snooping is required on Switch F and in VLAN 100. IGMPv2 is also required between Switch B, Switch C, and stub network N1. Typically, Switch B acts as the querier.

2.2.3  Network Diagram

Device

Interface

IP address

Ports

Switch A

Vlan-int100

10.110.1.1/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlan-int101

192.168.1.1/24

Ethernet1/0/2

 

Vlan-int102

192.168.9.1/24

Ethernet1/0/3

Switch B

Vlan-int200

10.110.2.1/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlan-int103

192.168.2.1/24

Ethernet1/0/2

Switch C

Vlan-int200

10.110.2.2/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlan-int104

192.168.3.1/24

Ethernet1/0/2

Switch D

Vlanint300

10.110.5.1/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlanint101

192.168.1.2/24

Ethernet1/0/2

 

Vlanint105

192.168.4.2/24

Ethernet1/0/3

Switch E

Vlanint104

192.168.3.2/24

Ethernet1/0/3

 

Vlanint103

192.168.2.2/24

Ethernet1/0/2

 

Vlanint102

192.168.9.2/24

Ethernet1/0/1

 

Vlanint105

192.168.4.1/24

Ethernet1/0/4

Switch F

Vlan 100

Ethernet1/0/1, Ethernet1/0/2, Ethernet1/0/3

Figure 2-2 Network diagram for PIM-SM plus IGMP plus IGMP Snooping configuration

2.2.4  Configuration Procedure

I. Configuring VLANs, VLAN interfaces and IP addresses for each switch

# Configure VLANs, VLAN interfaces, and their IP addresses on Switch A.

<SwitchA> system-view

System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.

[SwitchA] vlan 100

[SwitchA-vlan100] port Ethernet 1/0/1

[SwitchA-vlan100] quit

[SwitchA] vlan 101

[SwitchA-vlan101] port Ethernet 1/0/2

[SwitchA-vlan101] quit

[SwitchA] vlan 102

[SwitchA-vlan102] port Ethernet 1/0/3

[SwitchA-vlan102] quit

[SwitchA] interface Vlan-interface 100

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] ip address 10.110.1.1 24

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] quit

[SwitchA] interface Vlan-interface 101

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface101] ip address 192.168.1.1 24

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface101] quit

[SwitchA] interface Vlan-interface 102

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface102] ip address 192.168.9.1 24

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface102] quit

Configure VLANs, VLAN interfaces, and their IP addresses on other switches as per Figure 2-2. The detailed configuration steps are omitted here.

II. Configuring the unicast routing protocol

# Configure a router ID and enable OSPF on Switch A.

<SwitchA> system-view.

[SwitchA]router id 1.1.1.1

[SwitchA]ospf

[SwitchA-ospf-1]area 0

[SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.110.1.0 0.0.0.255

[SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.9.0 0.0.0.255

The configuration on Switch B, Switch C, Switch D, and Switch E is similar to the configuration on Switch A.

III. Configuring the multicast protocols

# Enable IP multicast routing on Switch A, enable PIM-SM on each interface, and then enable IGMPv2 on VLAN-interface 100.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] multicast routing-enable

[SwitchA] interface Vlan-interface 100

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] igmp enable

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] pim sm

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] quit

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 101

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface101] pim sm

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface101] quit

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 102

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface102] pim sm

 

&  Note:

It is necessary to enable IGMP only on interfaces with attached multicast receivers. As the default IGMP version is IGMPv2, it is not necessary to use the version configuration command on the interface.

 

The configuration on Switch B and Switch C is similar to that on Switch A. The configuration on Switch D and Switch E is also similar to that on Switch A except that it is not necessary to enable IGMP on the corresponding interfaces on these two switches.

# Configure the group range to be served by the RP and configure a C-BSR and a C-RP on Switch D.

<SwitchD> system-view

[SwitchD] acl number 2005

[SwitchD-acl-basic-2005] rule permit source 225.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[SwitchD-acl-basic-2005] quit

[SwitchD] pim

[SwitchD-pim] c-bsr vlan-interface 105 24 2

[SwitchD-pim] c-rp vlan-interface 105 group-policy 2005 priority 2

[SwitchD-pim] quit

# Configure the group range to be served by the RP and configure a C-BSR and a C-RP on Switch E.

<SwitchE> system-view

[SwitchE] acl number 2005

[SwitchE-acl-basic-2005] rule permit source 225.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[SwitchE-acl-basic-2005] quit

[SwitchE] pim

[SwitchE-pim] c-bsr vlan-interface 102 24 1

[SwitchE-pim] c-rp vlan-interface 102 group-policy 2005 priority 1

[SwitchE-pim] quit

# Enable IGMP Snooping globally on Switch E, and enable IGMP Snooping in VLAN 100.

<SwitchF> system-view

[SwitchF] igmp-snooping enable

  Enable IGMP-Snooping ok.

[SwitchF] vlan 100

[SwitchF-vlan100] igmp-snooping enable

[SwitchF-vlan100] quit

IV. Verifying the configuration

Now start sending multicast data to multicast group 225.1.1.1 from Source and start receiving the multicast data on Host A and Host C, and take the following steps to verify the configurations made on the switches.

1)         Check whether the multicast stream flows to Host A and Host C.

# View PIM neighboring relationships on Switch E.

<SwitchE> display pim neighbor

Neighbor's Address  Interface Name                Uptime    Expires

192.168.9.1         Vlan-interface102               02:47:04  00:01:42

192.168.2.1         Vlan-interface103               02:45:04  00:04:46

192.168.3.1         Vlan-interface104               02:42:24  00:04:45

192.168.4.2         Vlan-interface105               02:43:44  00:05:44

# View BSR information on Switch E.

<SwitchE> display pim bsr-info

  Current BSR Address: 192.168.4.2

             Priority: 2

          Mask Length: 24

              Expires: 00:01:39

  Local Host is C-BSR: 192.168.9.2

             Priority: 1

          Mask Length: 24

# View RP information on Switch E.

<SwitchE> display pim rp-info

 PIM-SM RP-SET information:

    BSR is: 192.168.4.2

 

    Group/MaskLen: 225.1.1.0/24

      RP 192.168.9.2

        Version: 2

        Priority: 1

        Uptime: 00:03:15

        Expires: 00:01:14

      RP 192.168.4.2

        Version: 2

        Priority: 2

        Uptime: 00:04:25

        Expires: 00:01:09

# View PIM routing table entries on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display pim routing-table

PIM-SM Routing Table

Total 1 (S,G) entries, 1 (*,G) entries, 0 (*,*,RP) entry

 

(*, 225.1.1.1), RP 192.168.9.2

    Protocol 0x20: PIMSM, Flag 0x2003: RPT WC NULL_IIF

    Uptime: 00:23:21, never timeout

    Upstream interface: Vlan-interface102, RPF neighbor: 192.168.9.2

    Downstream interface list:

      Vlan-interface100, Protocol 0x1: IGMP, never timeout

(10.110.5.100, 225.1.1.1)

    Protocol 0x20: PIMSM, Flag 0x80004: SPT

    Uptime: 00:03:43, Timeout in 199 sec

    Upstream interface: Vlan-interface102, RPF neighbor: 192.168.9.2

    Downstream interface list:

      Vlan-interface100, Protocol 0x1: IGMP, never timeout

Matched 1 (S,G) entries, 1 (*,G) entries, 0 (*,*,RP) entry  

The information on Switch B and Switch C is similar to that on Switch A.

# View PIM routing table entries on Switch D.

<SwitchD> display pim routing-table

PIM-SM Routing Table

Total 1 (S,G) entry, 0 (*,G) entry, 0 (*,*,RP) entry

 

(10.110.5.100, 225.1.1.1)

    Protocol 0x20: PIMSM, Flag 0x4: SPT

    Uptime: 00:03:03, Timeout in 27 sec

    Upstream interface: Vlan-interface300, RPF neighbor: NULL

    Downstream interface list:

      Vlan-interface101, Protocol 0x200: SPT, timeout in 147 sec

      Vlan-interface105, Protocol 0x200: SPT, timeout in 145 sec

Matched 1 (S,G) entry, 0 (*,G) entry, 0 (*,*,RP) entry

# View PIM routing table entries on Switch E.

<SwitchE> display pim routing-table

PIM-SM Routing Table

Total 1 (S,G) entry, 1 (*,G) entry, 0 (*,*,RP) entry

 

(*,225.1.1.1), RP 192.168.9.2

    Protocol 0x20: PIMSM, Flag 0x2003: RPT WC NULL_IIF

    Uptime: 00:02:34, Timeout in 176 sec

    Upstream interface: Null, RPF neighbor: 0.0.0.0

    Downstream interface list:

      Vlan-interface102, Protocol 0x100: RPT, timeout in 176 sec

      Vlan-interface103, Protocol 0x100: SPT, timeout in 135 sec

 

(10.110.5.100, 225.1.1.1)

    Protocol 0x20: PIMSM, Flag 0x4: SPT

    Uptime: 00:03:03, Timeout in 27 sec

    Upstream interface: Vlan-interface105, RPF neighbor: 192.168.4.2

    Downstream interface list:

      Vlan-interface102, Protocol 0x200: SPT, timeout in 147 sec

      Vlan-interface103, Protocol 0x200: SPT, timeout in 145 sec

Matched 1 (S,G) entry, 1 (*,G) entry, 0 (*,*,RP) entry

# View the information about multicast group entries created by IGMP Snooping on Switch F.

<SwitchF> display igmp-snooping group

  Total 1 IP Group(s).

  Total 1 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):100.

    Total 1 IP Group(s).

    Total 1 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/2

    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group.

        IP group address:225.1.1.1

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/19

    MAC group(s):

        MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/19

# View multicast group information that contains port information on Switch B.

<SwitchB> display mpm group

  Total 1 IP Group(s).

  Total 1 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):200.

    Total 1 IP Group(s).

    Total 1 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):

    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group.

        IP group address:225.1.1.1

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/24

    MAC group(s):

        MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/24

  Vlan(id):103.

    Total 0 IP Group(s).

    Total 0 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/10

As shown above, multicast traffic can successfully flow to Host A and Host C.

2)         Configure simulated joining

Configure simulated joining on Switch B, thus to prevent the multicast switch from considering that no multicast receiver exist on the subnet due to some reason and removing the corresponding path from the multicast forwarding tree.

# Configure Ethernet 1/0/21 as a simulated host to join multicast group 225.1.1.1.

<SwitchB> system-view

[SwitchB] interface Vlan-interface 200

[SwitchB-Vlan-interface200] igmp host-join 225.1.1.1 port Ethernet 1/0/21

# View multicast group information that contains port information on Switch B.

<SwitchB> display mpm group

  Total 1 IP Group(s).

  Total 1 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):200.

    Total 1 IP Group(s).

    Total 1 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):

    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group.

        IP group address:225.1.1.1

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/21             Ethernet1/0/24

    MAC group(s):

        MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/21             Ethernet1/0/24

 

  Vlan(id):103.

    Total 0 IP Group(s).

    Total 0 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/10

As shown above, Ethernet 1/0/21 has become a member port for multicast group 225.1.1.1.

2.3  IGMP Snooping-Only Configuration Examples

2.3.1  Network Requirements

In case that it is unnecessary or infeasible to build a Layer-3 multicast network, enabling IGMP Snooping on all the devices in a Layer 2 network can implement some multicast functions.

2.3.2  Configuration Plan

1)         As shown in Figure 2-3, in a Layer-2 network without Layer-3 devices, Switch C connects to the multicast source through Ethernet 1/0/3. At least one receiver is attached to Switch B and Switch C respectively.

2)         Enable IGMP Snooping on Switch A, Switch B, and Switch C, with Switch A acting as the IGMP Snooping querier.

3)         Enable Switch A and Switch B to drop unknown multicast traffic so that multicast traffic for unknown multicast groups are not flooded in the VLAN.

2.3.3  Network Diagram

Figure 2-3 Network diagram for IGMP Snooping–only configuration

2.3.4  Configuration Procedure

I. Configuring switch A

# Enable IGMP Snooping globally.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] igmp-snooping enable  

Enable IGMP-Snooping ok.

# Create VLAN 100, add Ethernet 1/0/1 and Ethernet 1/0/2 into VLAN 100, and then enable IGMP Snooping in this VLAN.

[SwitchA] vlan 100

[SwitchA-vlan100] port Ethernet 1/0/1 Ethernet 1/0/2

[SwitchA-vlan100] igmp-snooping enable

# Enable IGMP Snooping querier in VLAN 100.

[SwitchA-vlan100] igmp-snooping querier

[SwitchA-vlan100] quit

# Enable the function of dropping unknown multicast packets.

[SwitchA] unknown-multicast drop enable

II. Configuring Switch B

# Enable IGMP Snooping globally.

<SwitchB> system-view

[SwitchB] igmp-snooping enable  

Enable IGMP-Snooping ok.

# Create VLAN 100, add Ethernet 1/0/1 through Ethernet 1/0/3 into VLAN 100, and then enable IGMP Snooping in this VLAN.

[SwitchB] vlan 100

[SwitchB-vlan100] port Ethernet 1/0/1 to Ethernet 1/0/3

[SwitchB-vlan100] igmp-snooping enable

[SwitchB-vlan100] quit

# Enable the function of dropping unknown multicast packets.

[SwitchB] unknown-multicast drop enable

III. Configuring Switch C

# Enable IGMP Snooping globally.

<SwitchC system-view

[SwitchC] igmp-snooping enable  

Enable IGMP-Snooping ok.

# Create VLAN 100, add Ethernet 1/0/1 through Ethernet 1/0/3 into VLAN 100, and then enable IGMP Snooping in this VLAN.

[SwitchC] vlan 100

[SwitchC-vlan100] port Ethernet 1/0/1 to Ethernet 1/0/3

[SwitchC-vlan100] igmp-snooping enable

 

  Caution:

Switch C is not the IGMP Snooping querier, so it does not have member ports for non-directly-connected hosts, and the corresponding forwarding entries cannot be created on it. Therefore, do not enable the function of dropping unknown multicast packets on Switch C. To avoid impact on the network and on Switch C caused by multicast flooding, it is recommended to enable IGMP Snooping querier on the switch to which the multicast source is directly attached.

 

IV. Verifying the configuration

1)         View information on Switch B.

# View IGMP packet statistics on Switch B.

<SwitchB> display igmp-snooping statistics

  Received IGMP general query packet(s) number:16.

  Received IGMP specific query packet(s) number:3.

  Received IGMP V1 report packet(s) number:0.

  Received IGMP V2 report packet(s) number:53.

  Received IGMP leave packet(s) number:1.

  Received error IGMP packet(s) number:0.

  Sent IGMP specific query packet(s) number:1.

Switch B received IGMP general queries sent by the querier and IGMP reports from receivers.

# View multicast group information on Switch B.

<Switch B> display igmp-snooping group

  Total 1 IP Group(s).

  Total 1 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):100.

    Total 1 IP Group(s).

    Total 1 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/1

    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group.

        IP group address:224.1.1.1

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/2

    MAC group(s):

        MAC group address:0100-5e7f-fffe

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/2

As shown above, a forwarding entry for the multicast group 224.1.1.1 has been created on Switch A, with Ethernet 1/0/1 as the router port and Ethernet 1/0/2 as the member port.

2)         View information on Switch A.

# View IGMP packet statistics on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display igmp-snooping statistics

  Received IGMP general query packet(s) number:0.

  Received IGMP specific query packet(s) number:0.

  Received IGMP V1 report packet(s) number:0.

  Received IGMP V2 report packet(s) number:53.

  Received IGMP leave packet(s) number:1.

  Received error IGMP packet(s) number:0.

  Sent IGMP specific query packet(s) number:1.

Switch A receives IGMP reports from the receivers.

# View multicast group information on Switch A.

<Switch A> display igmp-snooping group

  Total 1 IP Group(s).

  Total 1 MAC Group(s).

 

  Vlan(id):100.

    Total 1 IP Group(s).

    Total 1 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):

    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group.

        IP group address:224.1.1.1

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/1

    MAC group(s):

        MAC group address:0100-5e7f-fffe

        Host port(s):Ethernet1/0/1

As shown above, a forwarding entry for the multicast group 224.1.1.1 has been created on Switch A, with Ethernet 1/0/1 as the member port. Acting as the IGMP Snooping querier, Switch A does not have a router port.

3)         View information on Switch C.

# View IGMP packet statistics on Switch C.

<SwitchC> display igmp-snooping statistics

  Received IGMP general query packet(s) number:10.

  Received IGMP specific query packet(s) number:0.

  Received IGMP V1 report packet(s) number:0.

  Received IGMP V2 report packet(s) number:0.

  Received IGMP leave packet(s) number:.0

  Received error IGMP packet(s) number:0.

  Sent IGMP specific query packet(s) number:0.

Switch C received only IGMP general queries from the querier.

# View multicast group information on Switch C.

<Switch C> display igmp-snooping group

  Total 0 IP Group(s).

  Total 0 MAC Group(s).

 

Vlan(id):100.

    Total 0 IP Group(s).

    Total 0 MAC Group(s).

    Router port(s):Ethernet1/0/1

As shown above, no forwarding entries have been created on Switch C. The switch must flood multicast data in the VLAN to allow the multicast data to flow to the receivers downstream; therefore, do not enable the function of dropping unknown multicast packets on Switch C.

2.4  MSDP Configuration Examples

2.4.1  Network Requirements

To enable communication between receivers and multicast sources in different PIM-SM domains, use MSDP to establish MSDP peering relationships between the RPs of different PIM-SM domains, so that these RPs can forward SA messages between PIM-SM domains to share multicast source information.

2.4.2  Configuration Plan

l           Two ISPs maintain their respective ASs, AS 100 and AS 200. OSPF runs within each AS, and BGP is deployed for interoperability between the two ASs.

l           PIM-SM 1 belongs to AS 100. PIM-SM 2 and PIM-SM 3 belong to AS 200.

l           Both PIM-SM domains have 0 or 1 multicast source and at least one receiver. OSPF runs within each domain for unicast routing.

l           The respective loopback interfaces, Loopback 0, of Switch C, Switch D and Switch F are configured as C-BSRs and C-RPs of the respective PIM-SM domains.

l           Establish MSDP peering relationship between Switch C and Switch D through EBGP. Establish MSDP peering relationship between Switch D and Switch F through IBGP.

2.4.3  Network Diagram

Device

Interface

IP address

Device

Interface

IP address

SwitchA

Vlan-int100

10.110.1.2/24

Switch D

Vlan-int300

10.110.4.1/24

 

Vlan-int200

10.110.6.1/24

 

Vlan-int102

192.168.3.1/24

 

Vlan-int300

10.110.5.1/24

 

Vlan-int101

192.168.1.2/24

SwitchB

Vlan-int100

10.110.7.1/24

 

Loop0

2.2.2.2/32

 

Vlan-int200

10.110.2.2/24

Switch E

Vlan-int100

10.110.8.1/24

 

Vlan-int300

10.110.5.2/24

 

Vlan-int200

10.110.9.1/24

Switch C

Vlan-int100

10.110.1.1/24

 

Vlan-int300

10.110.4.2/24

 

Vlan-int200

10.110.2.1/24

 

Loop0

2.2.2.2/32

 

Vlan-int101

192.168.1.1/24

Switch F

Vlan-int400

10.110.3.1/24

 

Loop0

1.1.1.1/32

 

Vlan-int102

192.168.3.2/24

 

 

 

 

Loop0

3.3.3.3/32

 

 

 

SwitchG

Vlan-int100

10.110.10.1/24

 

 

 

 

Vlan-int400

10.110.3.2/24

Figure 2-4 Network diagram for MSDP configuration

2.4.4  Configuration Procedure

I. Configuring an interface IP address and a unicast routing protocol for each switch

Configure an IP address and a subnet mask for each interface as per Figure 2-4. The detailed configuration steps are not discussed in this document.

Configure OSPF for interoperation between switches in each PIM-SM domain. Ensure the network-layer interoperation among Switch A, Switch B and Switch C in PIM-SM 1, the network-layer interoperation between Switch D and Switch E in PIM-SM 2, and the network-layer interoperation between Switch F and Switch G in PIM-SM 3, and ensure the dynamic update of routing information between the switches in each PIM-SM domain through the unicast routing protocol.

II. Configuring a unicast routing protocol for each AS

# Configure OSPF on Switch C.

<SwitchC> system-view.

[SwitchC]ospf

[SwitchC-ospf-1]area 0

[SwitchC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.110.1.0 0.0.0.255

[SwitchC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.110.2.0 0.0.0.255

[SwitchC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

The configuration on Switch A, Switch B, Switch D, Switch E, Switch F and Switch G is similar to the configuration on Switch C.

III. Configuring a multicast routing protocol

1)         Enable IP multicast routing, enable PIM-SM on each interface, and enable IGMP on the interfaces connected with receivers.

# Enable IP multicast routing on Switch A, enable PIM-SM on each interface, and enable IGMP on VLAN-interface 200.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] multicast routing-enable

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 100

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] pim sm

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] quit

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 200

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface200] pim sm

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface200] igmp enable

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface200] quit

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 300

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface101] pim sm

The configuration on Switch E and Switch G is similar to the configuration on Switch A. The specific configuration steps are omitted here.

# Enable IP multicast routing on Switch C and enable PIM-SM on each interface.

<SwitchC> system-view

[SwitchC] multicast routing-enable

[SwitchC] interface vlan-interface 100

[SwitchC-Vlan-interface100] pim sm

[SwitchC-Vlan-interface100] quit

[SwitchC] interface vlan-interface 200

[SwitchC-Vlan-interface200] pim sm

[SwitchC-Vlan-interface200] quit

[SwitchC] interface vlan-interface 101

[SwitchC-Vlan-interface101] pim sm

The configuration on Switch B, Switch D, and Switch F is similar to the configuration on Switch C. The specific configuration steps are omitted here.

# Configure a BSR boundary on Switch C.

[SwitchC-Vlan-interface101] pim bsr-boundary

[SwitchC-Vlan-interface101] quit

The configuration on Switch D and Switch F is similar to the configuration on Switch C.

2)         Configure the position of interface Loopback 0, C-BSR, and C-RP.

# Configure the position of Loopback 0, C-BSR, and C-RP on Switch C.

[SwitchC] interface loopback 0

[SwitchC-LoopBack0] ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

[SwitchC-LoopBack0] pim sm

[SwitchC-LoopBack0] quit

[SwitchC] pim

[SwitchC-pim] c-bsr loopback 0 24

[SwitchC-pim] c-rp loopback 0

[SwitchC-pim] quit

The configuration on Switch D and Switch F is similar to the configuration on Switch C.

IV. Configuring inter-AS BGP for mutual route redistribution between BGP and OSPF

# Configure EBGP on Switch C, and configure OSPF route redistribution.

[SwitchC] bgp 100

[SwitchC-bgp] group 100 external

[SwitchC-bgp] peer 192.168.1.2 group 100 as-number 200

[SwitchC-bgp] import-route ospf 1

[SwitchC-bgp] import-route direct

[SwitchC-bgp] quit

# Configure IBGP and EBGP on Switch D, and configure OSPF route redistribution.

[SwitchD] bgp 200

[SwitchD-bgp] group 100 external

[SwitchD-bgp] group 200

[SwitchD-bgp] peer 192.168.1.1 group 100 as-number 100

[SwitchD-bgp] peer 192.168.3.2 group 200

[SwitchD-bgp] import-route ospf 1

[SwitchD-bgp] import-route direct

[SwitchD-bgp] quit

# Configure IBGP on Switch F, and configure OSPF route redistribution.

[SwitchF] bgp 200

[SwitchF-bgp] group 200

[SwitchF-bgp] peer 192.168.3.1 group 200

[SwitchF-bgp] import-route ospf 1

[SwitchF-bgp] import-route direct

[SwitchF-bgp] quit

# Configure BGP route redistribution to OSPF on Switch C.

[SwitchC] ospf 1

[SwitchC-ospf-1] import-route bgp

[SwitchC-ospf-1] quit

The configuration on Switch D and Switch F is similar to the configuration on Switch C.

Carry out the display bgp peer command to view the BGP peering relationships between the switches. For example:

# View the information about BGP peering relationships on Switch C.

[SwitchC] display bgp peer

 

    Peer        AS-num Ver Queued-Tx    Msg-Rx    Msg-Tx    Up/Down  State

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

192.168.1.2       200  4          0        950        945   15:41:14 Established  

# View the information about BGP peering relationships on Switch D.

[SwitchD] display bgp peer

 

    Peer        AS-num Ver Queued-Tx    Msg-Rx    Msg-Tx    Up/Down  State

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

192.168.1.1       100  4          0        946        953   15:43:32 Established

192.168.3.2       200  4          0        946        954   15:41:18 Established 

# View the information about BGP peering relationships on Switch F.

[SwitchF] display bgp peer

 

    Peer        AS-num Ver Queued-Tx    Msg-Rx    Msg-Tx    Up/Down  State

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

192.168.3.1       200  4          0        953        948   15:42:23 Established

V. Configuring MSDP peers

# Configure an MSDP peer on Switch C.

[SwitchC] msdp

[SwitchC-msdp] peer 192.168.1.2 connect-interface vlan-interface 101

[SwitchC-msdp] quit

# Configure an MSDP peer on Switch D.

[SwitchD] msdp

[SwitchD-msdp] peer 192.168.1.1 connect-interface vlan-interface 101

[SwitchD-msdp] peer 192.168.3.2 connect-interface vlan-interface 102

[SwitchD-msdp] quit

# Configure MSDP peers on Switch F.

[SwitchF] msdp

[SwitchF-msdp] peer 192.168.3.1 connect-interface vlan-interface 102

[SwitchF-msdp] quit

When the multicast source Source 1 sends multicast information, receivers in PIM-SM2 and PIM-SM3 can receive the multicast data. You can use the display msdp brief command to view the brief information of MSDP peering relationships between the switches. For example:

# View the brief information about MSDP peering relationships on Switch C.

[SwitchC] display msdp brief

MSDP Peer Brief Information

 Peer's Address     State     Up/Down time    AS     SA Count   Reset Count

 192.168.1.2         Up        00:12:27         200    13         0     

# View the brief information about MSDP peering relationships on Switch D.

[SwitchD] display msdp brief

MSDP Peer Brief Information

 Peer's Address     State     Up/Down time    AS     SA Count   Reset Count

 192.168.3.2         Up        00:15:32         200    8          0     

 192.168.1.1         UP        00:06:39         100    13         0

# View the brief information about MSDP peering relationships on Switch F.

[SwitchF] display msdp brief

MSDP Peer Brief Information

 Peer's Address     State     Up/Down time    AS     SA Count   Reset Count

 192.168.3.1         UP         01:07:08        200    8          0

# View the detailed MSDP peer information on Switch C.

[SwitchC] display msdp peer-status

  MSDP Peer 192.168.1.2, AS 200

  Description:

  Information about connection status:

    State: Up

    Up/down time: 00:15:47

    Resets: 0

    Connection interface: Vlan-interface101 (192.168.1.1)

    Number of sent/received messages: 16/16

    Number of discarded output messages: 0

    Elapsed time since last connection or counters clear: 00:17:51

  Information about (Source, Group)-based SA filtering policy:

    Import policy: none

    Export policy: none

  Information about SA-Requests:

    Policy to accept SA-Request messages: none

    Sending SA-Requests status: disable

  Minimum TTL to forward SA with encapsulated data: 0

  SAs learned from this peer: 0, SA-cache maximum for the peer: none

  Input queue size: 0, Output queue size: 0

  Counters for MSDP message:

    Count of RPF check failure: 0

    Incoming/outgoing SA messages: 0/0

    Incoming/outgoing SA requests: 0/0

    Incoming/outgoing SA responses: 0/0

    Incoming/outgoing data packets: 0/0

 

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