Acting as the system information hub, information center classifies and manages system information. Together with the debugging functionality, information center offers a powerful support for network administrators and developers in monitoring network performance and diagnosing network problems.

& Note:

By default, the information center is enabled. An enabled information center affects the system performance in some degree due to information classification and output. Such impact becomes more obvious in the event that there is enormous information waiting for processing.

The information center of the system has the following features:

I. Classification of system information

The system is available with three types of information:

l Log information

l Trap information

l Debugging information

II. Eight levels of system information

The information is classified into eight levels by severity and can be filtered by level. More emergent information has a smaller severity level.

Table 1-1 Severity description

Severity	Severity value	Description
emergencies	0	The system is unavailable.
alerts	1	Information that demands prompt reaction
critical	2	Critical information
errors	3	Error information
warnings	4	Warnings
notifications	5	Normal information that needs to be noticed
informational	6	Informational information to be recorded
debugging	7	Information generated during debugging

Information filtering by severity works this way: information with the severity value greater than the configured threshold is not output during the filtering.

l If the threshold is set to 0, only information with the severity being emergencies will be output;

l If the threshold is set to 7, information of all severities will be output.

III. Ten channels and six output destinations of system information

The system supports six information output destinations, including the console, monitor, logbuffer, loghost, trapbuffer, and SNMP.

The system supports ten channels. The channels 0 through 5 have their default channel names and are associated with six output destinations by default. Both the channel names and the associations between the channels and output destinations can be changed through commands.

Table 1-2 Information channels and output destinations

Information channel number	Default channel name	Default output destination
0	console	Console (Receives log, trap and debugging information)
1	monitor	Monitor terminal (Receives log, trap and debugging information, facilitating remote maintenance)
2	loghost	Log host (Receives log, trap and debugging information and information will be stored in files for future retrieval.)
3	trapbuffer	Trap buffer (Receives trap information, a buffer inside the router for recording information.)
4	logbuffer	Log buffer (Receives log information, a buffer inside the router for recording information.)
5	snmpagent	SNMP NMS (Receives trap information)
6	channel6	Not specified (Receives log, trap, and debugging information)
7	channel7	Not specified (Receives log, trap, and debugging information)
8	channel8	Not specified (Receives log, trap, and debugging information)
9	channel9	Not specified (Receives log, trap, and debugging information)

& Note:

Configurations for the six output destinations function independently and take effect only after the information center is enabled.

IV. Outputting system information by source module

The system is composed of a variety of protocol modules, board drivers, and configuration modules. The system information can be classified, filtered, and output by source module. Some source module names and descriptions are shown in Table 1-3.

Table 1-3 Source module list

Module name	Description
8021X	802.1X module
ACL	Access Control List module
ARP	Address Resolution Protocol module
BGP	Border Gateway Protocol module
CFM	Configuration File Management module
CLST	Cluster Configuration module
CMD	Command line module
default	Default setting of all modules
DEV	Device management module
DHCP	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol module
DNS	Domain Name System module
ETH	Ethernet module
FTPS	FTP Server module
GARP	Generic Attribute Registration Protocol module
HABP	Huawei Authentication Bypass Protocol module
HWCM	Huawei Configuration Management MIB module
IFNET	Interface management module
IP	Internet Protocol module
ISIS	Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System intra-domain routing information exchange protocol module
LAGG	Link Aggregation module
LINE	Line module
MSDP	Multicast Source Discovery Protocol module
MSTP	Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol module
NAT	Network Address Translation module
NTP	Network Time Protocol module
PKI	Public Key Infrastructure module
OSPF	Open Shortest Path First module
POE	Power over Ethernet module
QoS	Quality of Service module
RDS	Radius module
RM	Routing Management module
RMON	Remote monitor module
SHELL	User interface module
SNMP	Simple Network Management Protocol module
SOCKET	Socket module
SSH	Secure Shell module
SYSMIB	System MIB module
TAC	Terminal Access Controller module
TELNET	Telnet module
UDPH	UDP Helper module
VFS	Virtual File System module
VLAN	Virtual Local Area Network module
VOS	Virtual Operating System module
VRRP	Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol module
VTY	Virtual Type Terminal module

To sum up, the major task of the information center is to output the three types of information of the modules onto the ten channels in terms of the eight severity levels and according to the user’s settings, and then redirect the system information from ten channels to the six output destinations.

1.1.2 System Information Format

System information has the following format:

<priority>timestamp sysname module/level/digest:content

& Note:

l The closing set of angel brackets < >, the space, the forward slash /, and the colon are all required in the above format.

l Before the <priority>, there may be a %, “#, or * followed with a space, indicating log, alarm, or debugging information respectively.

l This format is the standard format of system information. After the system information is sent to the log host, the displayed format depends on the tools you use to view the logs.

Below is an example of the format of log information to be output to a log host:

% <188>Sep 28 15:33:46:235 2005 MyDevice SHELL/5/LOGIN: Console login from aux0

What follows is a detailed explanation of the fields involved:

I. Priority

The priority is calculated using the following formula: facility*8+severity, in which facility represents the logging facility name and can be configured when you set the log host parameters. The facility ranges from local0 to local7 (16 to 23 in decimal integers) and defaults to local7. The facility is mainly used to mark different log sources on the log host, query and filter the logs of the corresponding log source. Severity ranges from 0 to 7. Table 1-1 details the value and meaning associated with each severity.

Note that there is no space between the priority and timestamp fields and that the priority takes effect only when the information has been sent to the log host.

II. Timestamp

Timestamp records the time when system information is generated to allow users to check and identify system events.

Note that there is a space between the timestamp and sysname (host name) fields.

III. Sysname

Sysname is the system name of the current host. You can use the sysname command to modify the system name. (Refer to System Maintaining and Debugging for details)

Note that there is a space between the sysname and module fields.

IV. Module

The module field represents the name of the module that generates system information. You can enter the info-center source ? command in system view to view the module list.

Refer to Table 1-3 for module name and description.

Between “module” and “level” is a “/”.

V. Level (Severity)

System information can be divided into eight levels based on its severity, from 0 to 7. Refer to Table 1-1 for definition and description of these severity levels. Note that there is a forward slash between the levels (severity) and digest fields.

VI. Digest

The digest field is a string of up to 32 characters, outlining the system information.

Note that there is a colon between the digest and content fields.

VII. Content

This field provides the content of the system information.

1.2 Configuring Information Center

1.2.1 Information Center Configuration Task List

Complete the following tasks to configure information center:

Task	Remarks
Setting to Output System Information to the Console	Optional
Setting to Output System Information to a Monitor Terminal	Optional
Setting to Output System Information to a Log Host	Optional
Setting to Output System Information to the Trap Buffer	Optional
Setting to Output System Information to the Log Buffer	Optional
Setting to Output System Information to the SNMP NMS	Optional
Configuring Synchronous Information Output	Optional

1.2.2 Setting to Output System Information to the Console

I. Setting to output system information to the console

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable information center	info-center enable	Optional Enabled by default
Name the channel with a specified channel number	info-center channel channel-number name channel-name	Optional Refer to Table 1-2 for default channel names.
Configure the channel through which system information can be output to the console	info-center console channel { channel-number \| channel-name }	Optional System information is output to the console by default, with channel 0 as the default channel.
Configure the output rules of system information	info-center source { module-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ debug { level severity \| state state } * \| log { level severity \| state state } * \| trap { level severity \| state state } * ] *	Optional Refer to Table 1-4 for the default output rules of system information.
Configure the format of the time stamp	info-center timestamp { debugging \| log \| trap } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional The time stamp format for log, trap and debugging information is date by default.

Table 1-4 Default output rules for different output destinations

Output destination	Modules allowed	LOG		TRAP		DEBUG
Output destination	Modules allowed	Enabled/disabled	Severity	Enabled/disabled	Severity	Enabled/disabled	Severity
Console	default (all modules)	Enabled	warnings	Enabled	debugging	Enabled	debugging
Monitoring terminal	default (all modules)	Enabled	warnings	Enabled	debugging	Enabled	debugging
Log host	default (all modules)	Enabled	informational	Enabled	debugging	Disabled	debugging
Trap buffer	default (all modules)	Disabled	informational	Enabled	warnings	Disabled	debugging
Log buffer	default (all modules)	Enabled	warnings	Disabled	debugging	Disabled	debugging
SNMP NMS	default (all modules)	Disabled	debugging	Enabled	warnings	Disabled	debugging

II. Enabling the display of system information on the console

After setting to output system information to the console, you need to enable the associated display function to display the output information on the console.

Follow these steps in user view to enable the display of system information on the console:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enable the monitoring of system information on the console	terminal monitor	Optional Enabled on the console and disabled on the monitoring terminal by default.
Enable the display of debugging information on the console	terminal debugging	Required Disabled by default
Enable the display of log information on the console	terminal logging	Optional Enabled by default
Enable the display of trap information on the console	terminal trapping	Optional Enabled by default

1.2.3 Setting to Output System Information to a Monitor Terminal

System information can also be output to a monitor terminal, which is a user terminal that has login connections through the AUX, or VTY user interface.

I. Setting to output system information to a monitor terminal

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable information center	info-center enable	Optional Enabled by default
Name the channel with a specified channel number	info-center channel channel-number name channel-name	Optional Refer to Table 1-2 for default channel names.
Configure the channel through which system information can be output to a monitor terminal	info-center monitor channel { channel-number \| channel-name }	Optional System information is output to the monitor terminal by default with channel 1 as the default channel.
Configure the output rules of the system information	info-center source { module-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ debug { level severity \| state state } * \| log { level severity \| state state } * \| trap { level severity \| state state } * ] *	Optional Refer to Table 1-4 for the default output rules of the system information.
Configure the format of the time stamp	info-center timestamp { debugging \| log \| trap } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional By default, the time stamp format for log, trap and debugging information is date.

II. Enabling the display of system information on a monitor terminal

After setting to output system information to a monitor terminal, you need to enable the associated display function in order to display the output information on the monitor terminal.

Follow these steps to enable the display of system information on a monitor terminal:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enable the monitoring of system information on a monitor terminal	terminal monitor	Required Enabled on the console disabled on the monitoring terminal by default.
Enable the display of debugging information on a monitor terminal	terminal debugging	Required Disabled by default
Enable the display of log information on a monitor terminal	terminal logging	Optional Enabled by default
Enable the display of trap information on a monitor terminal	terminal trapping	Optional Enabled by default

1.2.4 Setting to Output System Information to a Log Host

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable information center	info-center enable	Optional Enabled by default
Name the channel with a specified channel number	info-center channel channel-number name channel-name	Optional Refer to Table 1-2 for default channel names.
Specify a log host and configure the parameters when system information is output to the log host	info-center loghost host-ip [ channel { channel-number \| channel-name } \| facility local-number ] *	Required By default, the system does not output information to a log host. If you specify to output system information to a log host, the system uses channel 2 (loghost) by default.
Configure the source interface through which log information can be output to a log host	info-center loghost source interface-type interface-number	Optional No source interface is configured by default, and the system selects an interface as the source interface.
Configure the output rules of the system information	info-center source { module-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ debug { level severity \| state state } * \| log { level severity \| state state } * \| trap { level severity \| state state } * ] *	Optional Refer to Table 1-4 for the output rules of the system information.
Configure the format of the time stamp for log information	info-center timestamp loghost { date \| no-year-date \| none }	Optional date by default.

1.2.5 Setting to Output System Information to the Trap Buffer

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable information center	info-center enable	Optional Enabled by default
Name the channel with a specified channel number	info-center channel channel-number name channel-name	Optional Refer to Table 1-2 for default channel names.
Configure the channel through which system information can be output to the trap buffer and specify the buffer size	info-center trapbuffer [ channel { channel-number \| channel-name } \| size buffersize ] *	Optional System information is output to the trap buffer by default with a default channel of channel 3 (known as trapbuffer) and a default buffer size of 256.
Configure the output rules of the system information	info-center source { module-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ debug { level severity \| state state } * \| log { level severity \| state state } * \| trap { level severity \| state state } * ] *	Optional Refer to Table 1-4 for the output rules of the system information.
Configure the format of the time stamp	info-center timestamp { debugging \| log \| trap } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional The time stamp format for log, trap and debugging information is date by default.

1.2.6 Setting to Output System Information to the Log Buffer

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable information center	info-center enable	Optional Enabled by default.
Name the channel with a specified channel number	info-center channel channel-number name channel-name	Optional Refer to Table 1-2 for default channel names.
Configure the channel through which system information can be output to the log buffer and specify the buffer size	info-center logbuffer [ channel { channel-number \| channel-name } \| size buffersize ] *	Optional System information is output to the log buffer by default with a default channel of channel 4 (known as logbuffer) and a default buffer size of 512.
Configure the output rules of the system information	info-center source { module-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ debug { level severity \| state state } * \| log { level severity \| state state } * \| trap { level severity \| state state } * ] *	Optional Refer to Table 1-4 for the output rules of the system information.
Configure the format of the timestamp	info-center timestamp { debugging \| log \| trap } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional The time stamp format for log, trap and debugging information is date by default.

1.2.7 Setting to Output System Information to the SNMP NMS

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable information center	info-center enable	Optional Enabled by default
Name the channel with a specified channel number	info-center channel channel-number name channel-name	Optional Refer to Table 1-2 for default channel names.
Configure the channel through which system information can be output to the SNMP NMS	info-center snmp channel { channel-number \| channel-name }	Optional System information is output to the SNMP NMS by default with channel 5 (known as snmpagent) as the default channel.
Configure the output rules of the system information	info-center source { module-name \| default } channel { channel-number \| channel-name } [ debug { level severity \| state state } * \| log { level severity \| state state } * \| trap { level severity \| state state } * ] *	Optional Refer to Table 1-4 for the output rules of the system information.
Configure the format of the timestamp	info-center timestamp { debugging \| log \| trap } { boot \| date \| none }	Optional The time stamp format for log, trap and debugging information is date by default.

& Note:

To ensure that system information can be output to the SNMP NMS, you need to make the necessary configurations on the SNMP agent and the NMS. For detailed information on SNMP, refer to the SNMP-RMON Configuration part of the manual.

1.2.8 Configuring Synchronous Information Output

Synchronous information output refers to the feature that if the user’s input is interrupted by system output such as log, trap, or debugging information, then after the completion of system output the system will display a command line prompt (in command editing mode a prompt, or a [Y/N] string in interaction mode) and your input so far.

This command is used in the case that your input is interrupted by a large amount of system output. With this feature enabled, you can continue your operations from where you were stopped.

Follow these steps to enable synchronous information output:

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Enter system view	system-view	—
Enable synchronous information output	info-center synchronous	Required Disabled by default

To do…

Use the command…

Remarks

Enter system view

system-view

—

Enable synchronous information output

info-center synchronous

Required

Disabled by default

& Note:

l If you do not input any information following the current command line prompt, the system does not display any command line prompt after system information output.

l In the interaction mode, you are prompted for some information input. If the input is interrupted by system output, no system prompt will be made, rather only your input will be displayed in a new line.

1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Information Center

To do…	Use the command…	Remarks
Display channel information for a specified channel	display channel [ channel-number \| channel-name ]	Available in any view
Display the configurations on each output destination	display info-center	Available in any view
Display the state of the log buffer and the log information recorded	display logbuffer [ level severity \| size buffersize ] * [ \| { begin \| exclude \| include } text ]	Available in any view
Display a summary of the log buffer	display logbuffer summary [ level severity ]	Available in any view
Display the state of the trap buffer and the trap information recorded	display trapbuffer [ size buffersize ]	Available in any view
Reset the log buffer	reset logbuffer	Available in user view
Reset the trap buffer	reset trapbuffer	Available in user view

& Note:

Support for the display logfile buffer and display logfile summary commands varies with devices.

1.4 Information Center Configuration Examples

1.4.1 Outputting Log Information to a Unix Log Host

I. Network requirements

l Send log information to a Unix log host with an IP address of 1.2.0.1/16;

l Log information with severity higher than informational will be output to the log host;

l The source modules are ARP and IP.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-1 Network diagram for outputting log information to a Unix log host

III. Configuration procedure

Before the configuration, make sure that there is a route between Device and PC.

1) Configuring the device

# Enable information center.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] info-center enable

# Specify the host with IP address 1.2.0.1/16 as the log host, use channel loghost to output log information (optional, loghost by default), and specify local4 as the logging facility.

[Sysname] info-center loghost 1.2.0.1 channel loghost facility local4

# Disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the channel loghost.

[Sysname] info-center source default channel loghost debug state off log state off trap state off

Caution:

As the default system configurations for different channels are different, you need to disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the specified channel (loghost in this example) first and then configure the output rule as needed so that unnecessary information will not be output.

# Configure the information output rule: allow log information of ARP and IP modules with severity equal to or higher than informational to be output to the log host.

[Sysname] info-center source arp channel loghost log level informational state on

[Sysname] info-center source ip channel loghost log level informational state on

2) Configuring the log host

The following configurations were performed on SunOS 4.0 which has similar configurations to the Unix operating systems implemented by other vendors.

Step 1: Issue the following commands as a root user.

# mkdir /var/log/MyDevice

# touch /var/log/MyDevice/information

Step 2: Edit the file /etc/syslog.conf as a root user and add the following selector/action pair.

# MyDevice configuration messages

local4.info /var/log/MyDevice/information

& Note:

Be aware of the following issues while editing the /etc/syslog.conf file:

l Comments must be on a separate line and must begin with the # sign.

l The selector/action pair must be separated with a tab key, rather than a space.

l No redundant spaces are allowed in the file name.

l The device name and the accepted severity of log information specified by the /etc/syslog.conf file must be identical to those configured on the device using the info-center loghost or info-center source command; otherwise the log information may not be output properly to the log host.

Step three: After the log file information has been created and the configuration file /etc/syslog.conf has been modified, ensure that the configuration file /etc/syslog.conf is reread:

# ps -ae | grep syslogd

147

# kill -HUP 147

After the above configurations, the system will be able to keep log information in the related file.

1.4.2 Outputting Log Information to a Linux Log Host

I. Network requirements

l Send log information to a Linux log host with an IP address of 1.2.0.1/16;

l Log information with severity higher than informational will be output to the log host;

l All modules can output log information.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-2 Network diagram for outputting log information to a Linux log host

III. Configuration procedure

Before configuration, make sure that there is a route between Device and PC.

1) Configuring the device

# Enable information center.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] info-center enable

# Specify the host with IP address 1.2.0.1/16 as the log host, use channel loghost to output log information (optional, loghost by default), and specify local5 as the logging facility.

[Sysname] info-center loghost 1.2.0.1 channel loghost facility local5

# Disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the channel loghost.

[Sysname] info-center source default channel loghost debug state off log state off trap state off

Caution:

# Configure the information output rule: allow log information of all modules with severity equal to or higher than informational to be output to the log host.

[Sysname] info-center source default channel loghost log level informational state on

2) Configuring the log host

Step 1: Issue the following commands as a root user.

# mkdir /var/log/MyDevice

# touch /var/log/MyDevice/information

Step 2: Edit the file /etc/syslog.conf as a root user and add the following selector/action pair.

# MyDevice configuration messages

local7.info /var/log/MyDevice/information

& Note:

Be aware of the following issues while editing the /etc/syslog.conf file:

l Comments must be on a separate line and must begin with the # sign.

l The selector/action pair must be separated with a tab key, rather than a space.

l No redundant spaces are allowed in the file name.

l The device name and the accepted severity of the log information specified by the /etc/syslog.conf file must be identical to those configured on the device using the info-center loghost or info-center source command; otherwise the log information may not be output properly to the log host.

Step 3: After the log file information has been created and the /etc/syslog.conf file has been modified, issue the following commands to display the process ID of syslogd, terminate a syslogd process, and restart syslogd using the -r option.

# ps -ae | grep syslogd

147

# kill -9 147

# syslogd -r &

& Note:

Ensure that the syslogd process is started with the -r option on a Linux log host.

After the above configurations, the system will be able to keep log information in the related file.

1.4.3 Outputting Log Information to the Console

I. Network requirements

l Log information with a severity higher than informational will be output to the console;

l The source modules are ARP and IP.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-3 Network diagram for sending log information to the console

III. Configuration procedure

# Enable information center.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] info-center enable

# Use channel console to output log information to the console (optional, console by default).

[Sysname] info-center console channel console

# Disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the channel console.

[Sysname] info-center source default channel console debug state off log state off trap state off

Caution:

As the default system configurations for different channels are different, you need to disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the specified channel (console in this example) first and then configure the output rule as needed so that unnecessary information will not be output.

# Configure the information output rule: allow log information of ARP and IP modules with severity equal to or higher than informational to be output to the console.

[Sysname] info-center source arp channel console log level informational state on

[Sysname] info-center source ip channel console log level informational state on

[Sysname] quit

# Enable the display of log information on a monitor terminal.

<Sysname> terminal monitor

% Current terminal monitor is on

<Sysname> terminal logging

% Current terminal logging is on

After the above configuration takes effect, if the specified module generates log information, the information center automatically sends the log information to the console and displays it on the console.

H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Operation Manual(V1.01)

Chapter 1 Information Center Configuration

1.1.1 Introduction to Information Center

I. Classification of system information

II. Eight levels of system information

III. Ten channels and six output destinations of system information

IV. Outputting system information by source module

1.1.2 System Information Format

I. Priority

II. Timestamp

III. Sysname

IV. Module

V. Level (Severity)

VI. Digest

VII. Content

1.2 Configuring Information Center

1.2.1 Information Center Configuration Task List

I. Setting to output system information to the console

II. Enabling the display of system information on the console

I. Setting to output system information to a monitor terminal

II. Enabling the display of system information on a monitor terminal

1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Information Center

I. Network requirements

II. Network diagram

III. Configuration procedure

I. Network requirements

II. Network diagram

III. Configuration procedure

I. Network requirements

II. Network diagram

III. Configuration procedure

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