03-Layer 3-IP Services Command Reference

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09-IP performance optimization commands
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09-IP performance optimization commands 209.08 KB

IP performance optimization commands

display icmp statistics

Use display icmp statistics to display ICMP statistics.

Syntax

display icmp statistics [ slot slot-number ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays ICMP statistics on all cards.

Usage guidelines

ICMP statistics include information about received and sent ICMP packets.

Examples

# Display ICMP statistics.

<Sysname> display icmp statistics

  Input: bad formats   0                   bad checksum            0

         echo          175                 destination unreachable 0

         source quench 0                   redirects               0

         echo replies  201                 parameter problem       0

         timestamp     0                   information requests    0

         mask requests 0                   mask replies            0

         time exceeded 0                   invalid type            0

         router advert 0                   router solicit          0

         broadcast/multicast echo requests ignored            0

         broadcast/multicast timestamp requests ignored       0

 Output: echo          0                   destination unreachable 0

         source quench 0                   redirects               0

         echo replies  175                 parameter problem       0

         timestamp     0                   information replies     0

         mask requests 0                   mask replies            0

         time exceeded 0                   bad address             0

         packet error  1442                router advert           3

display ip statistics

Use display ip statistics to display IP packet statistics.

Syntax

display ip statistics [ slot slot-number ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays IP packet statistics on all cards.

Usage guidelines

IP statistics include information about received and sent packets, fragments, and reassembly.

Examples

# Display IP packet statistics.

<Sysname> display ip statistics

  Input:   sum            7120             local             112

           bad protocol   0                bad format        0

           bad checksum   0                bad options       0

  Output:  forwarding     0                local             27

           dropped        0                no route          2

           compress fails 0

  Fragment:input          0                output            0

           dropped        0

           fragmented     0                couldn't fragment 0

  Reassembling:sum        0                timeouts          0

Table 1 Command output

Field

Description

Input

Statistics about received packets:

·     sum—Total number of packets received.

·     local—Total number of packets destined for the device.

·     bad protocol—Total number of unknown protocol packets.

·     bad format—Total number of packets with incorrect format.

·     bad checksum—Total number of packets with incorrect checksum.

·     bad options—Total number of packets with incorrect option.

Output

Statistics about sent packets:

·     forwarding—Total number of packets forwarded.

·     local—Total number of packets locally sent.

·     dropped—Total number of packets discarded.

·     no route—Total number of packets for which no route is available.

·     compress fails—Total number of packets failed to be compressed.

Fragment

Statistics about fragments:

·     input—Total number of fragments received.

·     output—Total number of fragments sent.

·     dropped—Total number of fragments dropped.

·     fragmented—Total number of packets successfully fragmented.

·     couldn't fragment—Total number of packets failed to be fragmented.

Reassembling

Statistics about reassembly:

·     sum—Total number of packets reassembled.

·     timeouts—Total number of reassembly timeouts.

 

Related commands

display ip interface

reset ip statistics

display rawip

Use display rawip to display brief information about RawIP connections.

Syntax

display rawip [ slot slot-number ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays brief information about RawIP connections on all cards.

Usage guidelines

Brief RawIP connection information includes local and peer addresses, protocol, and PCB.

Examples

# Display brief information about RawIP connections.

<Sysname> display rawip

 Local Addr       Foreign Addr     Protocol  Slot  Cpu PCB

 0.0.0.0          0.0.0.0          1         1     0   0x0000000000000009

 0.0.0.0          0.0.0.0          1         1     0   0x0000000000000008

 0.0.0.0          0.0.0.0          1         5     0   0x0000000000000002

Table 2 Command output

Field

Description

Local Addr

Local IP address.

Foreign Addr

Peer IP address.

Protocol

Protocol number.

PCB

Protocol control block.

 

display rawip verbose

Use display rawip verbose to display detailed information about RawIP connections.

Syntax

display rawip verbose [ slot slot-number [ pcb pcb-index ] ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

pcb pcb-index: Displays detailed RawIP connection information for the specified PCB. The pcb-index argument specifies the index of the PCB. The index value range is 1 to 16.

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays detailed information about RawIP connections on all cards.

Usage guidelines

The detailed information includes socket creator, state, option, type, protocol number, and the source and destination IP addresses of RawIP connections.

Examples

# Display detailed information about RawIP connections.

<Sysname> display rawip verbose

Total RawIP socket number: 1

 Connection info: src = 0.0.0.0, dst = 0.0.0.0

 Location: slot 6

 Creator: ping[320]

 State: N/A

 Options: N/A

 Error: 0

 Receiving buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/drop/state): 0 / 9216 / 1 / 0 / N/A

 Sending buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/state): 0 / 9216 / 512 / N/A

 Type: 3

 Protocol: 1

 Inpcb flags: N/A

 Inpcb extflag: INP_EXTRCVICMPERR INP_EXTFILTER

 Inpcb vflag: INP_IPV4

 TTL: 255(minimum TTL: 0)

 Send VRF: 0xffff

 Receive VRF: 0xffff

Table 3 Command output

Field

Description

Total RawIP socket number

Total number of RawIP sockets.

Connection info

Source IP address and destination IP address.

Location

Socket location.

Creator

Name of the operation that created the socket. The number in brackets is the process number of the creator.

State

Socket state:

·     NOFDREF—The user has closed the connection.

·     ISCONNECTED—The connection has been established.

·     ISCONNECTING—The connection is being established.

·     ISDISCONNECTING—The connection is being interrupted.

·     ASYNC—Asynchronous mode.

·     ISDISCONNECTED—The connection has been terminated.

·     PROTOREF—Indicates strong protocol reference.

·     N/A—None of above state.

Options

Socket options.

·     SO_DEBUG—Records socket debugging information.

·     SO_ACCEPTCONN—Enables the server to listen connection requests.

·     SO_REUSEADDR—Allows the local address reuse.

·     SO_KEEPALIVE—Requires the protocol to test whether the connection is still alive.

·     SO_DONTROUTE—Bypasses the routing table query for outgoing packets because the destination is in a directly connected network.

·     SO_BROADCAST—Supports broadcast packets.

·     SO_LINGER—Closes the socket. The system can still send remaining data in the socket send buffer.

·     SO_OOBINLINE—Stores the out-of-band data in the input queue.

·     SO_REUSEPORT—Allows the local port reuse.

·     SO_TIMESTAMP—Records the timestamps of the incoming packets, accurate to milliseconds. This option is applicable to protocols that are not connection orientated.

·     SO_NOSIGPIPE—Disables the socket from sending data. As a result, a sigpipe cannot be established when a return failure occurs.

·     SO_FILTER—Supports setting the packet filter criterion. This option takes effect on the incoming packets.

·     SO_TIMESTAMPNS—Has a similar function with the timestamp, accurate to nanoseconds.

·     N/A—No options are set.

Error

Error code.

Receiving buffer (cc/hiwat/lowat/drop/state)

Displays receive buffer information in the following order:

·     cc—Used space.

·     hiwat—Maximum space.

·     lowat—Minimum space.

·     drop—Number of dropped packets.

·     state—Buffer state:

¡     CANTSENDMORE—Unable to send data to the peer.

¡     CANTRCVMORE—Unable to receive data from the peer.

¡     RCVATMARK—Receiving tag.

¡     N/A—None of the above states.

Sending buffer (cc/hiwat/lowat/state)

Displays send buffer information in the following order:

·     cc—Used space.

·     hiwat—Maximum space.

·     lowat—Minimum space.

·     state—Buffer state:

¡     CANTSENDMORE—Unable to send data to the peer.

¡     CANTRCVMORE—Unable to receive data from the peer.

¡     RCVATMARK—Receiving tag.

¡     N/A—None of the above states.

Type

Socket type:

·     1SOCK_STREAM. This socket uses TCP to provide reliable transmission of byte streams.

·     2SOCK_DGRAM. This socket uses UDP to provide datagram transmission.

·     3SOCK_RAW. This socket allows an application to change the next upper-layer protocol header.

·     N/A—None of the above types.

Protocol

Number of the protocol using the socket.

Inpcb flags

Flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_RECVOPTS—Receives IP options.

·     INP_RECVRETOPTS—Receives replied IP options.

·     INP_RECVDSTADDR—Receives destination IP address.

·     INP_HDRINCL—Provides the entire IP header.

·     INP_REUSEADDR—Reuses the IP address.

·     INP_REUSEPORT—Reuses the port number.

·     INP_ANONPORT—Port number not specified.

·     INP_RECVIF—Records the input interface of the packet.

·     INP_RECVTTL—Receives TTL of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_DONTFRAG—Sets the Don't Fragment flag.

·     INP_ROUTER_ALERT—Receives packets with the router alert option. Only RawIP supports this flag.

·     INP_PROTOCOL_PACKET—Identifies a protocol packet.

·     INP_RCVVLANID—Receives the VLAN ID of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_RCVMACADDR—Receives the MAC address of the frame.

·     INP_SNDBYLSPV—Sends through MPLS.

·     INP_RECVTOS—Receives TOS of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_USEICMPSRC—Uses the specified IP address as the source IP address for outgoing ICMP packets.

·     INP_SYNCPCB—Waits until Internet PCB is synchronized.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

Inpcb extflag

Extension flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_EXTRCVPVCIDX—Records the PVC index of the received packet.

·     INP_RCVPWID—Records the PW ID of the received packet.

·     INP_EXTRCVICMPERR—Receives an ICMP error packet.

·     INP_EXTFILTER—Filters the contents in the received packet.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

Inpcb vflag

IP version flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_IPV4—IPv4 protocol.

·     INP_TIMEWAIT—In TIMEWAIT state.

·     INP_ONESBCAST—Sends broadcast packets.

·     INP_DROPPED—Protocol dropped flag.

·     INP_SOCKREF—Strong socket reference.

·     INP_DONTBLOCK—Do not block synchronization of the Internet PCB.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

TTL

TTL value in the Internet PCB.

Send VRF

VRF from which the packets are sent.

Receive VRF

VRF from which the packets are received.

 

display tcp

Use display tcp to display brief information about TCP connections.

Syntax

display tcp [ slot slot-number ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays brief information about TCP connections on all cards.

Usage guidelines

Brief TCP connection information includes local IP address, local port number, peer IP address, peer port number, and TCP connection state.

Examples

# Display brief information about TCP connections.

<Sysname> display tcp

 *: TCP connection with authentication

 Local Addr:port       Foreign Addr:port     State       Slot  Cpu PCB

*0.0.0.0:21            0.0.0.0:0             LISTEN      1     0   0x000000000000c387

 192.168.20.200:23     192.168.20.14:1284    ESTABLISHED 1     0   0x0000000000000009

 192.168.20.200:23     192.168.20.14:1283    ESTABLISHED 1     0   0x0000000000000002

Table 4 Command output

Field

Description

*

Indicates that the TCP connection uses authentication.

Local Addr:port

Local IP address and port number.

Foreign Addr:port

Peer IP address and port number.

State

TCP connection state.

PCB

PCB index.

 

display tcp statistics

Use display tcp statistics to display TCP traffic statistics.

Syntax

display tcp statistics [ slot slot-number ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays TCP traffic statistics on all cards.

Usage guidelines

TCP traffic statistics include information about received and sent TCP packets and Syncache/syncookie.

Examples

# Display TCP traffic statistics.

<Sysname> display tcp statistics

Received packets:

    Total: 4150

    packets in sequence: 1366 (134675 bytes)

    window probe packets: 0, window update packets: 0

    checksum error: 0, offset error: 0, short error: 0

    packets dropped for lack of memory: 0

    packets dropped due to PAWS: 0

    duplicate packets: 12 (36 bytes), partially duplicate packets: 0 (0 bytes)

    out-of-order packets: 0 (0 bytes)

    packets with data after window: 0 (0 bytes)

    packets after close: 0

    ACK packets: 3531 (795048 bytes)

    duplicate ACK packets: 33, ACK packets for unsent data: 0

 

Sent packets:

    Total: 4058

    urgent packets: 0

    control packets: 50

    window probe packets: 3, window update packets: 11

    data packets: 3862 (795012 bytes), data packets retransmitted: 0 (0 bytes)

    ACK-only packets: 150 (52 delayed)

    unnecessary packet retransmissions: 0

 

Syncache/syncookie related statistics:

    entries added to syncache: 12

    syncache entries retransmitted: 0

    duplicate SYN packets: 0

    reply failures: 0

    successfully build new socket: 12

    bucket overflows: 0

    zone failures: 0

    syncache entries removed due to RST: 0

    syncache entries removed due to timed out: 0

    ACK checked by syncache or syncookie failures: 0

    syncache entries aborted: 0

    syncache entries removed due to bad ACK: 0

    syncache entries removed due to ICMP unreachable: 0

    SYN cookies sent: 0

    SYN cookies received: 0

 

SACK related statistics:

    SACK recoveries: 1

    SACK retransmitted segments: 0 (0 bytes)

    SACK blocks (options) received: 0

    SACK blocks (options) sent: 0

    SACK scoreboard overflows: 0

 

Other statistics:

    retransmitted timeout: 0, connections dropped in retransmitted timeout: 0

    persist timeout: 0

    keepalive timeout: 21, keepalive probe: 0

    keepalive timeout, so connections disconnected: 0

    fin_wait_2 timeout, so connections disconnected: 0

    initiated connections: 29, accepted connections: 12, established connections:

23

    closed connections: 50051 (dropped: 0, initiated dropped: 0)

    bad connection attempt: 0

    ignored RSTs in the window: 0

    listen queue overflows: 0

    RTT updates: 3518(attempt segment: 3537)

    correct ACK header predictions: 0

    correct data packet header predictions: 568

    resends due to MTU discovery: 0

    packets dropped due to MD5 authentication failure: 0

    packets that passed MD5 authentication: 0

    sent Keychain-encrypted packets: 0

    packets that passed Keychain authentication: 0

    packets dropped due to Keychain authentication failure: 0

Related commands

reset tcp statistics

display tcp verbose

Use display tcp verbose to display detailed information about TCP connections.

Syntax

display tcp verbose [ slot slot-number [ pcb pcb-index ] ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

pcb pcb-index: Displays detailed TCP connection information for the specified PCB. The index range is 1 to 16.

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays detailed information about TCP connections on all cards.

Usage guidelines

The detailed TCP connection information includes socket creator, state, option, type, protocol number, source IP address and port number, destination IP address and port number, and connection state.

Examples

# Display detailed information about TCP connections.

<Sysname> display tcp verbose

TCP inpcb number: 1(tcpcb number: 1)

 Connection info: src = 192.168.20.200:179 ,  dst = 192.168.20.14:4181

 Location: slot 6

 NSR standby: N/A

 Creator: bgpd[199]

 State: ISCONNECTED

 Options: N/A

 Error: 0

 Receiving buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/state): 0 / 65700 / 1 / N/A

 Sending buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/state): 0 / 65700 / 512 / N/A

 Type: 1

 Protocol: 6

 Inpcb flags: N/A

 Inpcb extflag: N/A

 Inpcb vflag: INP_IPV4

 TTL: 255(minimum TTL: 0)

 Connection state: ESTABLISHED

 TCP options: TF_REQ_SCALE TF_REQ_TSTMP TF_SACK_PERMIT TF_NSR

 NSR state: READY(M)

 Send VRF: 0x0

 Receive VRF: 0x0

Table 5 Command output

Field

Description

TCP inpcb number

Number of TCP IP PCBs.

tcpcb number

Number of TCP PCBs. This field is not displayed if the state of the TCP connection is TIME_WAIT.

Connection info

Source IP address and port number, and destination IP address and port number.

Location

Socket location.

Creator

Name of the operation that created the socket. The number in brackets is the process number of the creator.

State

Socket state:

·     NOFDREF—The user has closed the connection.

·     ISCONNECTED—The connection has been established.

·     ISCONNECTING—The connection is being established.

·     ISDISCONNECTING—The connection is being interrupted.

·     ASYNC—Asynchronous mode.

·     ISDISCONNECTED—The connection has been terminated.

·     ISSMOOTHING—Cross-card data smoothing is in progress.

·     CANBIND—The socket supports the bind operation.

·     PROTOREF—Indicates strong protocol reference.

·     ISPCBSYNCING—Cross-card PCB synchronization is in progress.

·     N/A—None of above state.

Options

Socket options:

·     SO_DEBUG—Records socket debugging information.

·     SO_ACCEPTCONN—Enables the server to listen connection requests.

·     SO_REUSEADDR—Allows the local address reuse.

·     SO_KEEPALIVE—Requires the protocol to test whether the connection is still alive.

·     SO_DONTROUTE—Bypasses the routing table query for outgoing packets because the destination is in a directly connected network.

·     SO_BROADCAST—Supports broadcast packets.

·     SO_LINGER—Closes the socket. The system can still send remaining data in the socket send buffer.

·     SO_OOBINLINE—Stores the out-of-band data in the input queue.

·     SO_REUSEPORT—Allows the local port reuse.

·     SO_TIMESTAMP—Records the timestamps of the incoming packets, accurate to milliseconds. This option is applicable to protocols that are not connection orientated.

·     SO_NOSIGPIPE—Disables the socket from sending data. As a result, a sigpipe cannot be established when a return failure occurs.

·     SO_KEEPALIVETIME—Sets a keepalive time. This option is supported in TCP.

·     SO_TIMESTAMPNS—Has a similar function with the timestamp, accurate to nanoseconds.

·     SO_FILTER—Supports setting the packet filter criterion. This option takes effect on the incoming packets.

·     SO_SEQPACKET—Preserves the boundaries of packets sent to the socket buffer.

·     SO_FILLTWAMPTIME—Sets the timestamp for TWAMP.

·     SO_LOCAL—Local socket option.

·     SO_DONTDELIVER—Do not deliver the data to the application.

·     SO_RAWSLOT—Raw slot.

·     SO_LEASEDUSERID—Obtains a usable lease.

·     N/A—No options are set.

Error

Error code.

Receiving buffer (cc/hiwat/lowat/state)

Displays receive buffer information in the following order:

·     cc—Used space.

·     hiwat—Maximum space.

·     lowat—Minimum space.

·     state—Buffer state:

¡     CANTSENDMORE—Unable to send data to the peer.

¡     CANTRCVMORE—Unable to receive data from the peer.

¡     RCVATMARK—Receiving tag.

¡     N/A—None of the above states.

Sending buffer (cc/hiwat/lowat/state)

Displays send buffer information in the following order:

·     cc—Used space.

·     hiwat—Maximum space.

·     lowat—Minimum space.

·     state—Buffer state:

¡     CANTSENDMORE—Unable to send data to the peer.

¡     CANTRCVMORE—Unable to receive data from the peer.

¡     RCVATMARK—Receiving tag.

¡     N/A—None of the above states.

Type

Socket type:

·     1SOCK_STREAM. This socket uses TCP to provide reliable transmission of byte streams.

·     2SOCK_DGRAM. This socket uses UDP to provide datagram transmission.

·     3SOCK_RAW. This socket allows an application to change the next upper-layer protocol header.

·     N/A—None of the above types.

Protocol

Number of the protocol using the socket.

Inpcb flags

Flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_RECVOPTS—Receives IP options.

·     INP_RECVRETOPTS—Receives replied IP options.

·     INP_RECVDSTADDR—Receives destination IP address.

·     INP_HDRINCL—Provides the entire IP header.

·     INP_REUSEADDR—Reuses the IP address.

·     INP_REUSEPORT—Reuses the port number.

·     INP_ANONPORT—Port number not specified.

·     INP_RECVIF—Records the input interface of the packet.

·     INP_RECVTTL—Receives TTL of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_DONTFRAG—Sets the Don't Fragment flag.

·     INP_ROUTER_ALERT—Receives packets with the router alert option. Only RawIP supports this flag.

·     INP_PROTOCOL_PACKET—Identifies a protocol packet.

·     INP_RCVVLANID—Receives the VLAN ID of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_RCVMACADDR—Receives the MAC address of the frame.

·     INP_SNDBYLSPV—Sends through MPLS.

·     INP_RECVTOS—Receives TOS of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_SYNCPCB—Waits until Internet PCB is synchronized.

·     INP_LOCAL—Preferentially matches the INPCB with this flag on the same card.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

Inpcb extflag

Extension flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_EXTRCVPVCIDX—Records the PVC index of the received packet.

·     INP_RCVPWID—Records the PW ID of the received packet.

·     INP_EXTDONTDROP—Do not drop the received packet.

·     INP_EXTRCVICMPERR—Receives an ICMP error packet.

·     INP_EXTFILTER—Filters the contents in the received packets.

·     INP_EXLISTEN—Adds the INPCB carrying this flag to the listen hash table.

·     INP_SELECTMATCHSRCBYFIB—Uses the FIB table to select a matching source.

·     INP_EXTPRIVATESOCKET—Associates the INPCB with the NSR private socket.

·     INP_EXTNOCACHEPKT—Do not cache packets.

·     INP_EXTRCVVLANDOT1P—Obtains the Dot1p value of the VLAN tag in the received packet.

·     INP_EXTSNDDATAIF—Sets the output interface of data.

·     INP_EXTFREEBIND—The socket is not bound to an address or port.

·     INP_EXTRCVUPID—Obtains the UP ID from the received packet in the UCM control-/user-plane separated (CUPS) network.

·     INP_EXTINNERPROXY—Receives packets forwarded by the proxy.

·     INP_EXLISTENNET—Sets this flag when the connection information is added to the network segment linked list.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

Inpcb vflag

IP version flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_IPV4—IPv4 protocol.

·     INP_TIMEWAIT—In TIMEWAIT state.

·     INP_ONESBCAST—Sends broadcast packets.

·     INP_DROPPED—Protocol dropped flag.

·     INP_SOCKREF—Strong socket reference.

·     INP_DONTBLOCK—Do not block synchronization of the Internet PCB.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

TTL

TTL value in the Internet PCB.

TCP options

TCP options:

·     TF_ACKNOW—Immediately replies an ACK packet to the peer.

·     TF_DELACK—Delays sending ACK packets.

·     TF_SENTFIN—A FIN packet has been sent.

·     TF_RCVD_SCALE—Requests the receive window size scale factor.

·     TF_RCVD_TSTMP—A timestamp was received in the SYN packet.

·     TF_NEEDSYN—Sends a SYN packet.

·     TF_NEEDFIN—Sends a FIN packet.

·     TF_MORETOCOME—More data is to be added to the socket.

·     TF_LQ_OVERFLOW—The listening queue overflows.

·     TF_LASTIDLE—Idle connection.

·     TF_RXWIN0SENT—A reply with receive window size 0 was sent.

·     TF_FASTRECOVERY—Enters NewReno fast recovery mode.

·     TF_WASFRECOVERY—In NewReno fast recovery mode.

·     TF_SIGNATURE—MD5 signature.

·     TF_FORCEDATA—Forces to send one byte.

·     TF_TSO—TSO is enabled.

·     TF_PASSIVE_CONN—Passive connection.

·     TF_APP_SEND—The application sends data.

·     TF_ABNORMAL_CLOSE—The application was abnormally closed.

·     TF_NODELAY—Disables the Nagle algorithm that buffers the sent data inside the TCP.

·     TF_NOOPT—No TCP options.

·     TF_NOPUSH—Forces TCP to delay sending any TCP data until a full sized segment is buffered in the TCP buffers.

·     TF_NSR—Enables TCP NSR.

·     TF_REQ_SCALE—Enables the TCP window scale option.

·     TF_REQ_TSTMP—Enables the time stamp option.

·     TF_SACK_PERMIT—Enables the TCP selective acknowledgement option.

·     TF_ENHANCED_AUTH—Enables the enhanced authentication option.

NSR state

NSR state of the TCP connection:

·     CLOSED—Closed (initial) state.

·     CLOSING—The connection is to be closed.

·     ENABLED—The connection backup is enabled.

·     OPEN—The connection synchronization has started.

·     PENDING—The connection backup is not ready.

·     READY—The connection backup is ready.

·     SMOOTH—The connection data is being smoothed.

Between the parentheses is the role of the connection:

·     M—Main connection.

·     S—Standby connection.

Send VRF

Sending VRF from which the packets are sent.

Receive VRF

Receiving VRF of the packets.

 

display udp

Use display udp to display brief information about UDP connections.

Syntax

display udp [ slot slot-number ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays brief information about UDP connections on all cards.

Usage guidelines

Brief UDP connection information includes local IP address and port number, and peer IP address and port number.

Examples

# Display brief information about UDP connections.

<Sysname>  display udp

 Local Addr:port        Foreign Addr:port     Slot  Cpu PCB

 0.0.0.0:69             0.0.0.0:0             1     0   0x0000000000000003

 192.168.20.200:1024    192.168.20.14:69      5     0   0x0000000000000002

Table 6 Command output

Field

Description

Local Addr:port

Local IP address and port number.

Foreign Addr:port

Peer IP address and port number.

PCB

PCB index.

 

display udp statistics

Use display udp statistics to display UDP traffic statistics.

Syntax

display udp statistics [ slot slot-number ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays UDP traffic statistics on all cards.

Usage guidelines

UDP traffic statistics include information about received and sent UDP packets.

Examples

# Display UDP traffic statistics.

<Sysname> display udp statistics

Received packets:

     Total: 240

     checksum error: 0, no checksum: 0

     shorter than header: 0, data length larger than packet: 0

     no socket on port(unicast): 0

     no socket on port(broadcast/multicast): 240

     not delivered, input socket full: 0

Sent packets:

     Total: 0

Related commands

reset udp statistics

display udp verbose

Use display udp verbose to display detailed information about UDP connections.

Syntax

display udp verbose [ slot slot-number [ pcb pcb-index ] ]

Views

Any view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

network-operator

Parameters

pcb pcb-index: Displays detailed UDP connection information for the specified PCB. The index range is 1 to 16.

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command displays detailed information about UDP connections on all cards.

Usage guidelines

The detailed information includes socket creator, status, option, type, protocol number, source IP address and port number, and destination IP address and port number for UDP connections.

Examples

# Display detailed UDP connection information.

<Sysname> display udp verbose

Total UDP socket number: 1

 

 Connection info: src = 0.0.0.0:69, dst = 0.0.0.0:0

 Location: slot 6

 Creator: sock_test_mips[250]

 State: N/A

 Options: N/A

 Error: 0

 Receiving buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/drop/state): 0 / 41600 / 1 / 0 / N/A

 Sending buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/state): 0 / 9216 / 512 / N/A

 Type: 2

 Protocol: 17

 Inpcb flags: N/A

 Inpcb extflag: N/A

 Inpcb vflag: INP_IPV4

 TTL: 255(minimum TTL: 0)

 Send VRF: 0xffff

 Receive VRF: 0xffff

Table 7 Command output

Field

Description

Total UDP socket number

Total number of UDP sockets.

Connection info

Source IP address and port number, and destination IP address and port number.

Location

Socket location.

Creator

Name of the operation that created the socket. The number in brackets is the process number of the creator.

State

Socket state:

·     NOFDREF—The user has closed the connection.

·     ISCONNECTED—The connection has been established.

·     ISCONNECTING—The connection is being established.

·     ISDISCONNECTING—The connection is being interrupted.

·     ASYNC—Asynchronous mode.

·     ISDISCONNECTED—The connection has been terminated.

·     ISSMOOTHING—Cross-card data smoothing is in progress.

·     CANBIND—The socket supports the bind operation.

·     PROTOREF—Indicates strong protocol reference.

·     ISPCBSYNCING—Cross-card PCB synchronization is in progress.

·     N/A—None of above state.

Options

Socket options:

·     SO_DEBUG—Records socket debugging information.

·     SO_ACCEPTCONN—Enables the server to listen connection requests.

·     SO_REUSEADDR—Allows the local address reuse.

·     SO_KEEPALIVE—Requires the protocol to test whether the connection is still alive.

·     SO_DONTROUTE—Bypasses the routing table query for outgoing packets because the destination is in a directly connected network.

·     SO_BROADCAST—Supports broadcast packets.

·     SO_LINGER—Closes the socket. The system can still send remaining data in the socket send buffer.

·     SO_OOBINLINE—Stores the out-of-band data in the input queue.

·     SO_REUSEPORT—Allows the local port reuse.

·     SO_TIMESTAMP—Records the timestamps of the incoming packets, accurate to milliseconds. This option is applicable to protocols that are not connection orientated.

·     SO_NOSIGPIPE—Disables the socket from sending data. As a result, a sigpipe cannot be established when a return failure occurs.

·     SO_KEEPALIVETIME—Sets a keepalive time. This option is supported in TCP.

·     SO_TIMESTAMPNS—Has a similar function with the timestamp, accurate to nanoseconds.

·     SO_FILTER—Supports setting the packet filter criterion. This option takes effect on the incoming packets.

·     SO_SEQPACKET—Preserves the boundaries of packets sent to the socket buffer.

·     SO_FILLTWAMPTIME—Sets the timestamp for TWAMP.

·     SO_LOCAL—Local socket option.

·     SO_DONTDELIVER—Do not deliver the data to the application.

·     SO_RAWSLOT—Raw slot.

·     SO_LEASEDUSERID—Obtains a usable lease.

·     N/A—No options are set.

Error

Error code.

Receiving buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/drop/state)

Displays receive buffer information in the following order:

·     cc—Used space.

·     hiwat—Maximum space.

·     lowat—Minimum space.

·     drop—Number of dropped packets.

·     state—Buffer state:

¡     CANTSENDMORE—Unable to send data to the peer.

¡     CANTRCVMORE—Unable to receive data from the peer.

¡     RCVATMARK—Receiving tag.

¡     N/A—None of the above states.

Sending buffer(cc/hiwat/lowat/state)

Displays send buffer information in the following order:

·     cc—Used space.

·     hiwat—Maximum space.

·     lowat—Minimum space.

·     state—Buffer state:

¡     CANTSENDMORE—Unable to send data to the peer.

¡     CANTRCVMORE—Unable to receive data from the peer.

¡     RCVATMARK—Receiving tag.

¡     N/A—None of the above states.

Type

Socket type:

·     1SOCK_STREAM. This socket uses TCP to provide reliable transmission of byte streams.

·     2SOCK_DGRAM. This socket uses UDP to provide datagram transmission.

·     3SOCK_RAW. This socket allows an application to change the next upper-layer protocol header.

·     N/A—None of the above types.

Protocol

Number of the protocol using the socket.

Inpcb flags

Flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_RECVOPTS—Receives IP options.

·     INP_RECVRETOPTS—Receives replied IP options.

·     INP_RECVDSTADDR—Receives destination IP address.

·     INP_HDRINCL—Provides the entire IP header.

·     INP_REUSEADDR—Reuses the IP address.

·     INP_REUSEPORT—Reuses the port number.

·     INP_ANONPORT—Port number not specified.

·     INP_RECVIF—Records the input interface of the packet.

·     INP_RECVTTL—Receives TTL of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_DONTFRAG—Sets the Don't Fragment flag.

·     INP_ROUTER_ALERT—Receives packets with the router alert option. Only RawIP supports this flag.

·     INP_PROTOCOL_PACKET—Identifies a protocol packet.

·     INP_RCVVLANID—Receives the VLAN ID of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_RCVMACADDR—Receives the MAC address of the frame.

·     INP_SNDBYLSPV—Sends through MPLS.

·     INP_RECVTOS—Receives TOS of the packet. Only UDP and RawIP support this flag.

·     INP_SYNCPCB—Waits until Internet PCB is synchronized.

·     INP_LOCAL—Preferentially matches the INPCB with this flag on the same card.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

Inpcb extflag

Extension flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_EXTRCVPVCIDX—Records the PVC index of the received packet.

·     INP_RCVPWID—Records the PW ID of the received packet.

·     INP_EXTRCVICMPERR—Receives an ICMP error packet.

·     INP_EXTFILTER—Filters the contents in the received packets.

·     INP_EXTDONTDROP—Do not drop the received packet.

·     INP_EXLISTEN—Adds the INPCB carrying this flag to the listen hash table.

·     INP_SELECTMATCHSRCBYFIB—Uses the FIB table to select a matching source.

·     INP_EXTPRIVATESOCKET—Associates the INPCB with the NSR private socket.

·     INP_EXTNOCACHEPKT—Do not cache packets.

·     INP_EXTRCVVLANDOT1P—Obtains the Dot1p value of the VLAN tag in the received packet.

·     INP_EXTSNDDATAIF—Sets the output interface of data.

·     INP_EXTFREEBIND—The socket is not bound to an address or port.

·     INP_EXTRCVUPID—Obtains the UP ID from the received packet in the UCM control-/user-plane separated (CUPS) network.

·     INP_EXTINNERPROXY—Receives packets forwarded by the proxy.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

Inpcb vflag

IP version flags in the Internet PCB:

·     INP_IPV4—IPv4 protocol.

·     INP_TIMEWAIT—In TIMEWAIT state.

·     INP_ONESBCAST—Sends broadcast packets.

·     INP_DROPPED—Protocol dropped flag.

·     INP_SOCKREF—Strong socket reference.

·     INP_DONTBLOCK—Do not block synchronization of the Internet PCB.

·     N/A—None of the above flags.

TTL

TTL value in the Internet PCB.

Send VRF

VRF from which packets are sent.

Receive VRF

VRF from which packets are received.

 

ip forward-broadcast

Use ip forward-broadcast to enable an interface to forward directed broadcast packets destined for the directly connected network.

Use undo ip forward-broadcast to restore the default.

Syntax

ip forward-broadcast [ acl acl-number ]

undo ip forward-broadcast

Default

An interface cannot forward directed broadcasts destined for the directly connected network.

Views

Interface view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

acl acl-number: Specifies an ACL by its number. The interface forwards only the directed broadcasts permitted by the ACL. The value range for basic ACLs is 2000 to 2999. The value range for advanced ACLs is 3000 to 3999.

Usage guidelines

A directed broadcast packet is destined for all hosts on a specific network. In the destination IP address of the directed broadcast, the network ID identifies the target network, and the host ID is made up of all ones.

Hackers can use directed broadcasts to attack the target network. In some scenarios, however, an interface must send such directed broadcast packets to support the following features:

·     UDP helperConverts the directed broadcasts to unicasts and forwards them to a specific server.

·     Wake on LANSends the directed broadcasts to wake up the hosts on the target network.

You can use this command to enable the interface to forward directed broadcast packets that are destined for directly connected network.

Examples

# Enable HundredGigE 1/0/1 to forward directed broadcast packets destined for the directly connected network.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] interface hundredgige 1/0/1

[Sysname-HundredGigE1/0/1] ip forward-broadcast

ip icmp error-interval

Use ip icmp error-interval to set the interval for tokens to arrive in the bucket for ICMP error messages and the bucket size.

Use undo ip icmp error-interval to restore the default.

Syntax

ip icmp error-interval interval [ bucketsize ]

undo ip icmp error-interval

Default

A token is placed in the bucket every 100 milliseconds, and the bucket allows a maximum of 10 tokens.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

interval: Specifies the interval for tokens to arrive in the bucket. The value range is 0 to 2147483647 milliseconds. To disable the ICMP rate limit, set the value to 0.

bucketsize: Specifies the maximum number of tokens allowed in the bucket. The value range is 1 to 200.

Usage guidelines

This command limits the rate at which ICMP error messages are sent. Use this command to avoid sending excessive ICMP error messages within a short period that might cause network congestion. A token bucket algorithm is used with one token representing one ICMP error message.

A token is placed in the bucket at intervals until the maximum number of tokens that the bucket can hold is reached.

A token is removed from the bucket when an ICMP error message is sent. When the bucket is empty, ICMP error messages are not sent until a new token is placed in the bucket.

Examples

# Set the interval to 200 milliseconds for tokens to arrive in the bucket for ICMP error messages, and set the bucket size to 40 tokens.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip icmp error-interval 200 40

ip icmp fragment discarding

Use ip icmp fragment discarding to disable forwarding of ICMP fragments.

Use undo ip icmp fragment discarding to enable forwarding of ICMP fragments.

 Syntax

ip icmp fragment discarding

undo ip icmp fragment discarding

Default

Forwarding of ICMP fragments is enabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Usage guidelines

Disabling forwarding of ICMP fragments can prevent ICMP fragment attacks.

Examples

# Disable forwarding of ICMP fragments.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip icmp fragment discarding

ip icmp source

Use ip icmp source to specify the source address for outgoing ICMP packets.

Use undo ip icmp source to remove the specified source address for outgoing ICMP packets.

Syntax

ip icmp source [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] ip-address

undo ip icmp source [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]

Default

No source address is specified for outgoing ICMP packets. The default source IP addresses for different types of ICMP packets vary as follows:

·     For an ICMP error message, the source IP address is the IP address of the receiving interface of the packet that triggers the ICMP error message. ICMP error messages include Time Exceeded, Port Unreachable, and Parameter Problem messages.

·     For an ICMP echo request, the source IP address is the IP address of the sending interface.

·     For an ICMP echo reply, the source IP address is the destination IP address of the ICMP echo request specific to this reply.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies an MPLS L3VPN instance to which the specified address belongs. The vpn-instance-name argument represents the VPN instance name, a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If you do not specify a VPN instance, the ip-address argument specifies an IP address on the public network.

ip-address: Specifies an IP address.

Usage guidelines

It is a good practice to specify the IP address of the loopback interface as the source IP address for outgoing ping echo request and ICMP error messages. This feature helps users to locate the sending device easily.

Examples

# Specify 1.1.1.1 as the source address for outgoing ICMP packets.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip icmp source 1.1.1.1

ip mtu

Use ip mtu to set the interface MTU for IPv4 packets. The setting defines the largest size of an IPv4 packet that an interface can transmit without fragmentation.

Use undo ip mtu to restore the default.

Syntax

ip mtu mtu-size

undo ip mtu

Default

The interface MTU is not set.

Views

Interface view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

mtu-size: Specifies the MTU in bytes. The value range for this argument is 128 to 9008.

Usage guidelines

When a packet exceeds the MTU of the sending interface, the device processes the packet in one of the following ways:

·     If the packet disallows fragmentation, the device discards it.

·     If the packet allows fragmentation, the device fragments it and forwards the fragments.

Fragmentation and reassembling consume system resources, so set an appropriate MTU to avoid fragmentation.

If an interface supports both the mtu and ip mtu commands, the device fragments a packet based on the MTU set by the ip mtu command.

Examples

# Set the interface MTU for IPv4 packets to 1280 bytes on HundredGigE 1/0/1.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] interface hundredgige 1/0/1

[Sysname-HundredGigE1/0/1] ip mtu 1280

ip reassemble local enable

Use ip reassemble local enable to enable IPv4 local fragment reassembly.

Use undo ip reassemble local enable to disable local fragment reassembly.

Syntax

ip reassemble local enable

undo ip reassemble local enable

Default

IPv4 local fragment reassembly is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Usage guidelines

This feature enables the receiving LPU to reassemble the IPv4 fragments instead of delivering them to the active MPU for reassembly, which improves performance. The feature applies only to fragments received by the same LPU.

Examples

# Enable IPv4 local fragment reassembly.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip reassemble local enable

ip redirects enable

Use ip redirects enable to enable sending ICMP redirect messages.

Use undo ip redirects enable to disable sending ICMP redirect messages.

Syntax

ip redirects enable

undo ip redirects enable

Default

Sending ICMP redirect messages is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Usage guidelines

ICMP redirect messages simplify host management and enable hosts to gradually optimize their routing tables.

A host that has only one route destined for the default gateway sends all packets to the default gateway. The default gateway sends an ICMP redirect message to inform the host of a correct next hop by following these rules:

·     The receiving and sending interfaces are the same.

·     The selected route is not created or modified by any ICMP redirect messages.

·     The selected route is not destined for 0.0.0.0.

·     There is no source route option in the received packet.

Examples

# Enable sending ICMP redirect messages.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip redirects enable

ip ttl-expires enable

Use ip ttl-expires enable to enable sending ICMP time exceeded messages.

Use undo ip ttl-expires enable to disable sending ICMP time exceeded messages.

Syntax

ip ttl-expires enable

undo ip ttl-expires enable

Default

Sending ICMP time exceeded messages is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Usage guidelines

A device sends ICMP time exceeded messages by following these rules:

·     The device sends an ICMP TTL exceeded in transit message to the source when the following conditions are met:

¡     The received packet is not destined for the device.

¡     The TTL field of the packet is 1.

·     When the device receives the first fragment of an IP datagram destined for the device itself, it starts a timer. If the timer expires before all the fragments of the datagram are received, the device sends an ICMP fragment reassembly time exceeded message to the source.

A device disabled from sending ICMP time exceeded messages does not send ICMP TTL exceeded in transit messages but can still send ICMP fragment reassembly time exceeded messages.

Examples

# Enable sending ICMP time exceeded messages.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip ttl-expires enable

ip unreachables enable

Use ip unreachables enable to enable sending ICMP destination unreachable messages.

Use undo ip unreachables enable to disable sending ICMP destination unreachable messages.

Syntax

ip unreachables enable

undo ip unreachables enable

Default

Sending ICMP destination unreachable messages is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Usage guidelines

A device sends ICMP destination unreachable messages by following these rules:

·     The device sends the source an ICMP network unreachable message when the following conditions are met:

¡     The received packet does not match any route.

¡     No default route exists in the routing table.

·     The device sends the source an ICMP protocol unreachable message when the following conditions are met:

¡     The received packet is destined for the device.

¡     The transport layer protocol of the packet is not supported by the device.

·     The device sends the source an ICMP port unreachable message when the following conditions are met:

¡     The received UDP packet is destined for the device.

¡     The packet's port number does not match the running process.

·     The device sends the source an ICMP source route failed message when the following conditions are met:

¡     The source uses Strict Source Routing to send packets.

¡     The intermediate device finds that the next hop specified by the source is not directly connected.

·     The device sends the source an ICMP fragmentation needed and DF set message when the following conditions are met:

¡     The MTU of the sending interface is smaller than the packet.

¡     The packet has Don't Fragment set.

Examples

# Enable sending ICMP destination unreachable messages.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] ip unreachables enable

reset ip statistics

Use reset ip statistics to clear IP traffic statistics.

Syntax

reset ip statistics [ slot slot-number ]

Views

User view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

slot slot-number: Specifies a card by its slot number. If you do not specify a card, this command clears IP traffic statistics on all cards.

Usage guidelines

Use this command to clear history IP traffic statistics before you collect IP traffic statistics for a time period.

Examples

# Clear IP traffic statistics.

<Sysname> reset ip statistics

 Related commands

display ip interface

display ip statistics

reset tcp statistics

Use reset tcp statistics to clear TCP traffic statistics.

Syntax

reset tcp statistics

Views

User view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Examples

# Clear TCP traffic statistics.

<Sysname> reset tcp statistics

 Related commands

display tcp statistics

reset udp statistics

Use reset udp statistics to clear UDP traffic statistics.

Syntax

reset udp statistics

Views

User view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Examples

# Clear UDP traffic statistics.

<Sysname> reset udp statistics

Related commands

display udp statistics

statistics l3-packet enable

Use statistics l3-packet enable to enable Layer 3 packet statistics counting.

Use undo statistics l3-packet enable to disable Layer 3 packet statistics counting.

Syntax

statistics l3-packet enable { inbound | outbound } [ broadcast | multicast | unicast ] *

undo statistics l3-packet enable { inbound | outbound } [ broadcast | multicast | unicast ] *

Default

Layer 3 packet statistics counting is disabled.

Views

Interface view

Predefined user role

network-admin

Parameters

inbound: Specifies the inbound direction.

outbound: Specifies the outbound direction.

broadcast: Specifies broadcast packets.

multicast: Specifies multicast packets.

unicast: Specifies unicast packets.

Usage guidelines

The Layer 3 packet statistics counting feature counts statistics of incoming and outgoing IP packets on an interface. To display the collected statistics, execute the display ip statistics command. When the interface is processing a large number of packets, enabling Layer 3 packet statistics counting will cause high CPU usage and degrade the forwarding performance. If the statistics are not necessary, to ensure the device performance, disable this feature.

If you specify the broadcast, multicast, or unicast keyword when executing the command, the configuration applies to the specified type of packets.

If you do not specify the broadcast, multicast, or unicast keyword when executing the command, the configuration applies to all types of packets.

Examples

# Enable Layer 3 packet statistics counting on HundredGigE 1/0/1.

<Sysname> system

[Sysname] interface hundredgige 1/0/1

[Sysname-HundredGigE1/0/1] statistics l3-packet enable

Related commands

display ip interface

display ip statistics

display ipv6 interface

display ipv6 statistics

tcp mss

Use tcp mss to set the TCP maximum segment size (MSS).

Use undo tcp mss to restore the default.

Syntax

tcp mss value

undo tcp mss

Default

The TCP MSS is not set.

Views

Interface view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

value: Specifies the TCP MSS in bytes. The minimum value is 128 bytes. The maximum value equals the maximum MTU that the interface supports minus 40.

Usage guidelines

The MSS option informs the receiver of the largest segment that the sender can accept. Each end announces its MSS during TCP connection establishment. If the size of a TCP segment is smaller than the MSS of the receiver, TCP sends the TCP segment without fragmentation. If not, TCP fragments the segment according to the receiver's MSS.

If you set the TCP MSS on an interface, the size of each TCP segment received or sent on the interface cannot exceed the MSS value.

This configuration takes effect only on TCP connections that are established after the configuration and not on the TCP connections that already exist.

This configuration is effective only on IP packets. If MPLS is enabled on the interface, do not set the TCP MSS on the interface.

Examples

# Set the TCP MSS to 300 bytes on HundredGigE 1/0/1.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] interface hundredgige 1/0/1

[Sysname-HundredGigE1/0/1] tcp mss 300

tcp path-mtu-discovery

Use tcp path-mtu-discovery to enable TCP path MTU discovery.

Use undo tcp path-mtu-discovery to disable TCP path MTU discovery.

Syntax

tcp path-mtu-discovery [ aging age-time | no-aging ]

undo tcp path-mtu-discovery

Default

TCP path MTU discovery is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

aging age-time: Specifies the aging time for the path MTU, in the range of 10 to 30 minutes. The default aging time is 10 minutes.

no-aging: Does not age out the path MTU.

Usage guidelines

After you enable TCP path MTU discovery, all new TCP connections detect the path MTU. The device uses the path MTU to calculate the MSS to avoid IP fragmentation.

After you disable TCP path MTU discovery, the system stops all path MTU timers. The TCP connections established later do not detect the path MTU, but the TCP connections previously established still can detect the path MTU.

Examples

# Enable TCP path MTU discovery and set the path MTU aging time to 20 minutes.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] tcp path-mtu-discovery aging 20

tcp syn-cookie enable

Use tcp syn-cookie enable to enable SYN Cookie to protect the device from SYN flood attacks.

Use undo tcp syn-cookie enable to disable SYN Cookie.

Syntax

tcp syn-cookie enable

undo tcp syn-cookie enable

Default

SYN Cookie is disabled.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Usage guidelines

A TCP connection is established through a three-way handshake:

1.     The sender sends a SYN packet to the server.

2.     The server receives the SYN packet, establishes a TCP semi-connection in SYN_RECEIVED state, and replies with a SYN ACK packet to the sender.

3.     The sender receives the SYN ACK packet and replies with an ACK packet. Then, a TCP connection is established.

An attacker can exploit this mechanism to mount SYN flood attacks. The attacker sends a large number of SYN packets, but they do not respond to the SYN ACK packets from the server. As a result, the server establishes a large number of TCP semi-connections and cannot handle normal services.

SYN Cookie can protect the server from SYN flood attacks. When the server receives a SYN packet, it responds to the request with a SYN ACK packet without establishing a TCP semi-connection.

The server establishes a TCP connection and enters ESTABLISHED state only when it receives an ACK packet from the sender.

Examples

# Enable SYN Cookie.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] tcp syn-cookie enable

tcp timer fin-timeout

Use tcp timer fin-timeout to set the TCP FIN wait timer.

Use undo tcp timer fin-timeout to restore the default.

Syntax

tcp timer fin-timeout time-value

undo tcp timer fin-timeout

Default

The TCP FIN wait timer is 675 seconds.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

time-value: Specifies the TCP FIN wait timer in the range of 76 to 3600 seconds.

Usage guidelines

TCP starts the FIN wait timer when the state of a TCP connection changes to FIN_WAIT_2. If no FIN packet is received within the timer interval, the TCP connection is terminated.

If a FIN packet is received, TCP changes the connection state to TIME_WAIT. If a non-FIN packet is received, TCP restarts the timer and tears down the connection when the timer expires.

Examples

# Set the TCP FIN wait timer to 800 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] tcp timer fin-timeout 800

tcp timer syn-timeout

Use tcp timer syn-timeout to set the TCP SYN wait timer.

Use undo tcp timer syn-timeout to restore the default.

Syntax

tcp timer syn-timeout time-value

undo tcp timer syn-timeout

Default

The TCP SYN wait timer is 75 seconds.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

time-value: Specifies the TCP SYN wait timer in the range of 2 to 600 seconds.

Usage guidelines

TCP starts the SYN wait timer after sending a SYN packet. Within the SYN wait timer if no response is received or the upper limit on TCP connection tries is reached, TCP fails to establish the connection.

Examples

# Set the TCP SYN wait timer to 80 seconds.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] tcp timer syn-timeout 80

tcp timestamps enable

Use tcp timestamps enable to enable the device to encapsulate the TCP Timestamps option in outgoing TCP packets.

Use undo tcp timestamps enable to disable the device from encapsulating the TCP Timestamps option in outgoing TCP packets.

Syntax

tcp timestamps enable

undo tcp timestamps enable

Default

The TCP Timestamps option is encapsulated in outgoing TCP packets.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Usage guidelines

Devices at each end of the TCP connection can calculate the RTT value by using the TCP Timestamps option carried in TCP packets. For security purpose in some networks, you can disable the TCP Timestamps option encapsulation at one end of the TCP connection to prevent intermediate devices from obtaining the option information.

This command takes effect only on new connections that are established after you execute the command. Existing TCP connections are not affected.

Examples

# Enable the device to encapsulate the TCP Timestamps option in outgoing TCP packets.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] undo tcp timestamps enable

tcp window

Use tcp window to set the size of the TCP receive/send buffer.

Use undo tcp window to restore the default.

Syntax

tcp window window-size

undo tcp window

Default

The size of the TCP receive/send buffer is 63 KB.

Views

System view

Predefined user roles

network-admin

Parameters

window-size: Specifies the size of the TCP receive/send buffer, in the range of 1 to 64 KB.

Examples

# Set the size of the TCP receive/send buffer to 3 KB.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] tcp window 3

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