• 产品与解决方案
  • 行业解决方案
  • 服务
  • 支持
  • 合作伙伴
  • 新华三人才研学中心
  • 关于我们

05-三层技术-IP路由配置举例

目录

02-H3C_12500_BGP路由属性控制路由选择典型配置举例

本章节下载 02-H3C_12500_BGP路由属性控制路由选择典型配置举例  (227.12 KB)

docurl=/cn/Service/Document_Software/Document_Center/Switches/Catalog/S12500/S12500-S/Configure/Typical_Configuration_Example/H3C_S12500-S_CE-R7536P05-6W100/05/201709/1032176_30005_0.htm

02-H3C_12500_BGP路由属性控制路由选择典型配置举例

H3C BGP路由属性控制路由选择典型配置举例

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Copyright © 2017新华三技术有限公司 版权所有,保留一切权利。

非经本公司书面许可,任何单位和个人不得擅自摘抄、复制本文档内容的部分或全部,

并不得以任何形式传播。本文档中的信息可能变动,恕不另行通知。

H3C_彩色.emf

 



1 简介

本文档介绍使用通过BGP路由属性控制路由选择的配置举例。

2 配置前提

本文档中的配置均是在实验室环境下进行的配置和验证,配置前设备的所有参数均采用出厂时的缺省配置。如果您已经对设备进行了配置,为了保证配置效果,请确认现有配置和以下举例中的配置不冲突。

本文档假设您已了解BGP特性和路由策略特性。

3 通过AS-Path属性控制路由选择典型配置举例

3.1  组网需求

图3-1所示,所有设备均运行BGP协议。AS 100和AS 400之间有两条路径可以通信,这两条路径分别经过AS 200和AS 300。现要求通过配置路由策略,实现:

·     AS 100内的设备访问AS 200始发的路由时,优先选择从Device D转发;

·     AS 100内的设备访问AS 300始发的路由时,优先选择从Device E转发;

·     AS 100内的设备访问AS 400始发的路由时,优先选择从Device D转发。

图3-1 AS-Path属性控制路由选择配置组网图

 

3.2  配置思路

·     为了使AS 100内的设备能够根据路由的始发AS号来选择优先转发路径,需要在AS 100的边缘设备上为特定AS始发的路由提高优先级,并将该路由扩散至AS 100内部:

¡     在Device B上配置路由策略,将从AS 200或AS 400始发的路由的本地优先级设置为300;

¡     在Device C上配置路由策略,将从AS 300始发的路由的本地优先级设置为200。

·     使用AS路径过滤列表来匹配由指定AS始发的路由。

3.3  使用版本

本举例在S12500S-CMW710-R7536P05版本上进行配置和验证。

3.4  配置步骤

3.4.1  配置各接口的IP地址

# 配置接口Vlan-interface 12的IP地址。

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] interface Vlan-interface 12

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface12] ip address 12.12.12.1 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface12] quit

# 请参考以上方法配置其它相关接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略。

3.4.2  配置BGP连接

# 在Device A上创建本地AS号为100的BGP实例,指定对等体12.12.12.2和13.13.13.3。

[DeviceA] bgp 100

[DeviceA-bgp-default] router-id 1.1.1.1

[DeviceA-bgp-default] peer 12.12.12.2 as-number 100

[DeviceA-bgp-default] peer 13.13.13.3 as-number 100

[DeviceA-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceA-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 12.12.12.2 enable

[DeviceA-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 13.13.13.3 enable

[DeviceA-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceA-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device B上创建本地AS号为100的BGP实例,,指定对等体12.12.12.1和24.24.24.4,并引入直连路由。

[DeviceB] bgp 100

[DeviceB-bgp-default] router-id 2.2.2.2

[DeviceB-bgp-default] peer 12.12.12.1 as-number 100

[DeviceB-bgp-default] peer 24.24.24.4 as-number 200

[DeviceB-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 12.12.12.1 enable

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 24.24.24.4 enable

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] import-route direct

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceB-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device C上创建本地AS号为100的BGP实例,指定对等体13.13.13.1和35.35.35.5,并引入直连路由。

[DeviceC] bgp 100

[DeviceC-bgp-default] router-id 3.3.3.3

[DeviceC-bgp-default] peer 13.13.13.1 as-number 100

[DeviceC-bgp-default] peer 35.35.35.5 as-number 300

[DeviceC-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 13.13.13.1 enable

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 35.35.35.5 enable

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] import-route direct

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceC-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device D上创建本地AS号为200的BGP实例,指定对等体24.24.24.2和46.46.46.6,并发布路由4.4.4.4/32。

[DeviceD] bgp 200

[DeviceD-bgp-default] router-id 4.4.4.4

[DeviceD-bgp-default] peer 24.24.24.2 as-number 100

[DeviceD-bgp-default] peer 46.46.46.6 as-number 400

[DeviceD-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceD-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 24.24.24.2 enable

[DeviceD-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 46.46.46.6 enable

[DeviceD-bgp-default-ipv4] network 4.4.4.4 32

[DeviceD-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceD-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device E上创建本地AS号为300的BGP实例,指定对等体35.35.35.3和56.56.56.6,并发布路由5.5.5.5/32。

[DeviceE] bgp 300

[DeviceE-bgp-default] router-id 5.5.5.5

[DeviceE-bgp-default] peer 35.35.35.3 as-number 100

[DeviceE-bgp-default] peer 56.56.56.6 as-number 400

[DeviceE-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceE-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 35.35.35.3 enable

[DeviceE-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 56.56.56.6 enable

[DeviceE-bgp-default-ipv4] network 5.5.5.5 32

[DeviceE-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceE-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device F上创建本地AS号为400的BGP实例,指定对等体46.46.46.4和56.56.56.5,并发布路由6.6.6.6/32。

[DeviceF] bgp 400

[DeviceF-bgp-default] router-id 6.6.6.6

[DeviceF-bgp-default] peer 46.46.46.4 as-number 200

[DeviceF-bgp-default] peer 56.56.56.5 as-number 300

[DeviceF-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceF-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 46.46.46.4  enable

[DeviceF-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 56.56.56.5 enable

[DeviceF-bgp-default-ipv4] network 6.6.6.6 32

[DeviceF-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceF-bgp-default] quit

# 完成以上配置后,在Device A上查看BGP路由表,可以看到Device D、Device E和Device F发布的路由及其AS-Path属性。

[DeviceA] display bgp routing-table ipv4

 

Total number of routes: 12

 

 BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1

 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history,

               s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external

               Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

 

     Network            NextHop         MED        LocPrf     PrefVal Path/Ogn

 

* >i 2.2.2.2/32         12.12.12.2      0          100        0       ?

* >i 3.3.3.3/32         13.13.13.3      0          100        0       ?

* >i 4.4.4.4/32         24.24.24.4      0          100        0       200i

*  i                    35.35.35.5                 100        0       300 400

                                                                      200i

* >i 5.5.5.5/32         35.35.35.5      0          100        0       300i

*  i                    24.24.24.4                 100        0       200 400

                                                                      300i

* >i 6.6.6.6/32         24.24.24.4                 100        0       200 400i

*  i                    35.35.35.5                 100        0       300 400i

* >i 12.12.12.0/24      12.12.12.2      0          100        0       ?

* >i 13.13.13.0/24      13.13.13.3      0          100        0       ?

* >i 24.24.24.0/24      12.12.12.2      0          100        0       ?

* >i 35.35.35.0/24      13.13.13.3      0          100        0       ?

3.4.3  配置路由策略

# 在Device B上创建路由策略aspath,将AS-Path以200或400结尾的路由的本地优先级设置为300。

[DeviceB] ip as-path 1 permit 200$

[DeviceB] ip as-path 1 permit 400$

[DeviceB] route-policy aspath permit node 10

[DeviceB-route-policy-aspath-10] if-match as-path 1

[DeviceB-route-policy-aspath-10] apply local-preference 300

[DeviceB-route-policy-aspath-10] quit

# 在Device B上配置对从对等体24.24.24.4接收的路由应用路由策略aspath。

[DeviceB] bgp 100

[DeviceB-bgp-default] address-family ipv4

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 24.24.24.4 route-policy aspath import

# 在Device C上创建路由策略aspath,将AS-Path以300结尾的路由的本地优先级设置为200。

[DeviceC] ip as-path 1 permit 300$

[DeviceC] route-policy aspath permit node 20

[DeviceC-route-policy-aspath-20] if-match as-path 1

[DeviceC-route-policy-aspath-20] apply local-preference 200

[DeviceC-route-policy-aspath-20] quit

# 在Device C上配置对从对等体35.35.35.5接收的路由应用路由策略aspath。

[DeviceC] bgp 100

[DeviceC-bgp-default] address-family ipv4

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 35.35.35.5 route-policy aspath import

3.5  验证配置

# 在Device A上再次查看BGP路由表,可以看到路由的本地优先级发生了变化,从AS 200和AS 400始发的路由的本地优先级变为300,从AS 300始发的路由的本地优先级变为200。

[DeviceA] display bgp routing-table ipv4

 

Total number of routes: 11

 

 BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1

 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history,

               s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external

               Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

 

     Network            NextHop         MED        LocPrf     PrefVal Path/Ogn

 

* >i 2.2.2.2/32         12.12.12.2      0          100        0       ?

* >i 3.3.3.3/32         13.13.13.3      0          100        0       ?

* >i 4.4.4.4/32         24.24.24.4      0          300        0       200i

* >i 5.5.5.5/32         35.35.35.5      0          200        0       300i

* >i 6.6.6.6/32         24.24.24.4                 300        0       200 400i

* >i 12.12.12.0/24      12.12.12.2      0          100        0       ?

* >i 13.13.13.0/24      13.13.13.3      0          100        0       ?

* >i 24.24.24.0/24      12.12.12.2      0          100        0       ?

* >i 35.35.35.0/24      13.13.13.3      0          100        0       ?

# 从Device A查看到达6.6.6.6的报文所经过的路径。可以看出,报文通过Device D转发。

[DeviceA] tracert 6.6.6.6

traceroute to 6.6.6.6 (6.6.6.6), 30 hops at most, 52 bytes each packet, press CT

RL_C to break

 1  12.12.12.2 (12.12.12.2)  2.417 ms  1.887 ms  1.773 ms

 2  24.24.24.4 (24.24.24.4)  4.057 ms  2.293 ms  2.739 ms

 3  6.6.6.6 (6.6.6.6)  5.145 ms  4.205 ms  4.402 ms

3.6  配置文件

·     Device A:

#

vlan 12

#

vlan 13

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface12

 ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface13

 ip address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 100

 router-id 1.1.1.1

 peer 12.12.12.2 as-number 100

 peer 13.13.13.3 as-number 100

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  peer 12.12.12.2 enable

  peer 13.13.13.3 enable

#

·     Device B :

#

vlan 12

#

vlan 24

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface12

 ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface24

 ip address 24。24.24.2 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 100

 router-id 2.2.2.2

 peer 12.12.12.1 as-number 100

 peer 24.24.24.4 as-number 200

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  import-route direct

  peer 12.12.12.1 enable

  peer 24.24.24.4 enable

  peer 24.24.24.4 route-policy aspath import

#

route-policy aspath permit node 10

 if-match as-path 1

 apply local-preference 300

#

 ip as-path 1 permit 200$

 ip as-path 1 permit 400$

#

·     Device C:

#

vlan 13

#

vlan 35

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface13

 ip address 13.13.13.3 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface35

 ip address 35.35.35.3 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 100

 router-id 3.3.3.3

 peer 13.13.13.1 as-number 100

 peer 35.35.35.5 as-number 300

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  import-route direct

  peer 13.13.13.1 enable

  peer 35.35.35.5 enable

  peer 35.35.35.5 route-policy aspath import

#

route-policy aspath permit node 20

 if-match as-path 1

 apply local-preference 200

#

 ip as-path 1 permit 300$

#

·     Device D :

#

vlan 24

#

vlan 46

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface24

 ip address 24.24.24.4 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface46

 ip address 46.46.46.4 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 200

 router-id 4.4.4.4

 peer 24.24.24.2 as-number 100

 peer 46.46.46.6 as-number 400

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  network 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255

  peer 24.24.24.2 enable

  peer 46.46.46.6 enable

#

·     Device E :

#

vlan 35

#

vlan 56

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface35

 ip address 35.35.35.5 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface56

 ip address 56.56.56.5 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 300

 router-id 5.5.5.5

 peer 35.35.35.3 as-number 100

 peer 56.56.56.6 as-number 400

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  network 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255

  peer 35.35.35.3 enable

  peer 56.56.56.6 enable

#

·     Device F :

#

vlan 46

#

vlan 56

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface46

 ip address 46.46.46.6 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface56

 ip address 56.56.56.6 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 400

 router-id 6.6.6.6

 peer 46.46.46.4 as-number 200

 peer 56.56.56.5 as-number 300

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  network 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255

  peer 46.46.46.4 enable

  peer 56.56.56.5 enable

#

4 通过MED属性控制路由选择典型配置举例

4.1  组网需求

图4-1所示,所有设备均运行BGP协议。Device A与Device B、Device C之间运行EBGP,Device B、Device C之间运行IBGP。由于Device B的Router ID小于Device C的Router ID,所以当AS 100访问AS 200时,流量优先选择从Device B转发。现要求通过配置路由策略,实现AS 100访问AS 200的流量优先选择通过Device C转发。

图4-1 MED属性控制路由选择配置组网图

 

4.2  配置思路

为了实现AS 100访问AS 200的流量优先选择通过Device C转发,需要通过路由策略修改Device B发送给Device A的MED值,使其大于缺省MED值0。

4.3  使用版本

本举例在S12500S-CMW710-R7536P05版本上进行配置和验证。

4.4  配置步骤

4.4.1  基础配置

# 配置接口Vlan-interface 12的IP地址。

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] interface Vlan-interface 12

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface12] ip address 12.12.12.1 24

[DeviceA-Vlan-interface12] quit

# 请参考以上方法配置其它相关接口的IP地址,配置步骤这里省略。

# 在Device A上创建本地AS号为100的BGP实例,指定对等体12.12.12.2和13.13.13.3。

[DeviceA] bgp 100

[DeviceA-bgp-default] router-id 1.1.1.1

[DeviceA-bgp-default] peer 12.12.12.2 as-number 200

[DeviceA-bgp-default] peer 13.13.13.3 as-number 200

[DeviceA-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceA-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 12.12.12.2 enable

[DeviceA-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 13.13.13.3 enable

[DeviceA-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceA-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device B上创建本地AS号为200的BGP实例,指定对等体12.12.12.1和3.3.3.3。

[DeviceB] bgp 200

[DeviceB-bgp-default] router-id 2.2.2.2

[DeviceB-bgp-default] peer 12.12.12.1 as-number 100

[DeviceB-bgp-default] peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200

[DeviceB-bgp-default] peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0

[DeviceB-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 12.12.12.1 enable

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 3.3.3.3 enable

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] network 23.23.23.0 24

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceB-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device B上配置目的地址为3.3.3.3/32的静态路由,以保证对等体3.3.3.3可达。

[DeviceB] ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 23.23.23.3

# 在Device C上创建本地AS号为200的BGP实例,指定对等体13.13.13.1和2.2.2.2。

[DeviceC] bgp 200

[DeviceC-bgp-default] router-id 3.3.3.3

[DeviceC-bgp-default] peer 13.13.13.1 as-number 100

[DeviceC-bgp-default] peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200

[DeviceC-bgp-default] peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0

[DeviceC-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 13.13.13.1 enable

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 2.2.2.2 enable

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] network 23.23.23.0 24

[DeviceC-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceC-bgp-default] quit

# 在Device C上配置目的地址为2.2.2.2/32的静态路由,以保证对等体2.2.2.2可达。

[DeviceC] ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 23.23.23.2

# 完成以上配置后,在Device A上查看BGP路由表,可以看到前往23.23.23.0/24网段的两条有效路由,其中下一跳为12.12.12.2的路由为最优路由,这是由于Device B的Router ID较小。

[DeviceA] display bgp routing-table ipv4

 

 Total number of routes: 2

 

 BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1

 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history,

               s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external

               Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

 

     Network            NextHop         MED        LocPrf     PrefVal Path/Ogn

 

* >e 23.23.23.0/24      12.12.12.2      0                     0       200i

*  e                    13.13.13.3      0                     0       200i

4.4.2  配置路由策略

# 在Device B上创建路由策略10,将路由开销修改为100。

[DeviceB] route-policy 10 permit node 10

[DeviceB-route-policy-10-10] apply cost 100

[DeviceB-route-policy-10-10] quit

# 在Device B上配置对向对等体12.12.12.1发送的路由应用路由策略10,即修改Device B发送给Device A的MED值为100。

[DeviceB] bgp 200

[DeviceB-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 12.12.12.1 route-policy 10 export

[DeviceB-bgp-default-ipv4] quit

[DeviceB-bgp-default] quit

4.5  验证配置

# 查看Device A的BGP路由表,可以看到下一跳为12.12.12.2的路由的MED值变为100,下一跳为13.13.13.3的路由成为了最优路由。

[DeviceA] display bgp routing-table ipv4

 

 Total number of routes: 2

 

 BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1

 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history,

               s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external

               Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

 

     Network            NextHop         MED        LocPrf     PrefVal Path/Ogn

 

* >e 23.23.23.0/24      13.13.13.3      0                     0       200i

*  e                    12.12.12.2      100                   0       200i

4.6  配置文件

·     Device A:

#

vlan 12

#

vlan 13

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface12

 ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface13

 ip address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 100

 router-id 1.1.1.1

 peer 12.12.12.2 as-number 200

 peer 13.13.13.3 as-number 200

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  peer 12.12.12.2 enable

  peer 13.13.13.3 enable

#

·     Device B:

#

vlan 12

#

vlan 23

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface12

 ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface23

 ip address 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 200

 router-id 2.2.2.2

 peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200

 peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0

 peer 12.12.12.1 as-number 100

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  network 23.23.23.0 255.255.255.0

  peer 3.3.3.3 enable

  peer 12.12.12.1 enable

  peer 12.12.12.1 route-policy 10 export

#

route-policy 10 permit node 10

 apply cost 100

#

 ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 23.23.23.3

#

·     Device C:

#

vlan 13

#

vlan 23

#

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255

#

interface Vlan-interface13

 ip address 13.13.13.3 255.255.255.0

#

interface Vlan-interface23

 ip address 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0

#

bgp 200

 router-id 3.3.3.3

 peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200

 peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0

 peer 13.13.13.1 as-number 100

 #

 address-family ipv4 unicast

  network 23.23.23.0 255.255.255.0

  peer 2.2.2.2 enable

  peer 13.13.13.1 enable

#

 ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 23.23.23.2

#

5 相关资料

·     H3C S12500-S系列交换机 三层技术-IP路由配置指导-R7536P05

·     H3C S12500-S系列交换机 三层技术-IP路由命令参考-R7536P05

 

不同款型规格的资料略有差异, 详细信息请向具体销售和400咨询。H3C保留在没有任何通知或提示的情况下对资料内容进行修改的权利!

新华三官网
联系我们