07-Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide

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20-AFT configuration
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20-AFT configuration 310.94 KB

Content

Configuring AFT· 1

About AFT· 1

AFT translation methods· 1

Static AFT· 1

Dynamic AFT· 1

Prefix translation· 2

AFT internal server 3

AFT translation process· 3

IPv6-initiated communication· 3

IPv4-initiated communication· 4

AFT ALG·· 5

Restrictions: Hardware compatibility with AFT· 5

AFT tasks at a glance· 6

Enabling AFT· 6

Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policy· 7

Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policy· 7

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policy· 8

About IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policies· 8

Configuring an AFT mapping for an IPv6 internal server 8

Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address static mapping· 8

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address dynamic translation policy· 9

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policy· 9

About IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policies· 9

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address static mapping· 9

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address dynamic translation policy· 9

Configuring a NAT64 prefix· 10

Setting the ToS field to 0 for translated IPv4 packets· 10

Setting the Traffic Class field to 0 for translated IPv6 packets· 10

Configuring AFT logging· 11

Display and maintenance commands for AFT· 12

AFT configuration examples· 13

Example: Allowing IPv4 Internet access from an IPv6 network· 13

Example: Providing FTP service from an IPv6 network to the IPv4 Internet 15

Example: Allowing mutual access between IPv4 and IPv6 networks· 17

Example: Allowing IPv6 Internet access from an IPv4 network· 19

Example: Providing FTP service from an IPv4 network to the IPv6 Internet 21


Configuring AFT

About AFT

Address Family Translation (AFT) translates an IP address of one address family into an IP address of the other address family. It enables an IPv4 network and an IPv6 network to communicate with each other, as shown in Figure 1. The IPv4 host and the IPv6 host can communicate with each other without changing the existing configuration.

Figure 1 AFT application scenario

AFT translation methods

Static AFT

Static AFT creates a fixed mapping between an IPv4 address and an IPv6 address.

Dynamic AFT

Dynamic AFT creates a dynamic mapping between an IPv4 address and an IPv6 address.

When dynamic AFT performs IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation, the Not Port Address Translation (NO-PAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT) modes are available.

NO-PAT

NO-PAT translates one IPv6 address to one IPv4 address. An IPv4 address assigned to one IPv6 host cannot be used by any other IPv6 host until it is released.

NO-PAT supports all IP packets.

PAT

PAT translates multiple IPv6 addresses to a single IPv4 address by mapping each IPv6 address and port to the IPv4 address and a unique port. PAT supports the following packet types:

·     TCP packets.

·     UDP packets.

·     ICMPv6 echo request and echo reply messages.

PAT supports port blocks for connection limit and user tracing. Port blocks are generated by dividing the port range (1024 to 65535) by the port block size. Port block based PAT maps multiple IPv6 addresses to one IPv4 address and uses a port block for each IPv6 address.

Port block based PAT functions as follows:

1.     When an IPv6 host first initiates a connection to the IPv4 network, it creates a mapping from the host's IPv6 address to an IPv4 address and a port block.

2.     It translates the IPv6 address to the IPv4 address, and the source ports to ports in the port block for subsequent connections from the IPv6 host until the ports in the port block are exhausted.

 

 

NOTE:

If the port range cannot be divided by the port block size exactly, the remaining ports are not used for translation.

Prefix translation

NAT64 prefix translation

NAT64 prefix is an IPv6 address prefix used to construct an IPv6 address representing an IPv4 node in an IPv6 network. The IPv6 hosts do not use a constructed IPv6 address as their real IP address. The length of a NAT64 prefix can be 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, or 96.

As shown in Figure 2, the construction methods vary depending on the NAT64 prefix length. Bits 64 through 71 in the constructed IPv6 address are reserved bits.

·     If the prefix length is 32, 64, or 96 bits, the IPv4 address contained in the IPv6 address will be intact.

·     If the prefix length is 40, 48, or 56 bits, the IPv4 address contained in the IPv6 address will be divided into two parts by bits 64 through 71.

Figure 2 IPv6 address construction with NAT 64 prefix and IPv4 address

AFT uses a NAT64 prefix to perform the following translation:

·     IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation. AFT translates a source IPv4 address to an IPv6 address that is created by using the NAT64 prefix and the IPv4 address.

·     IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation. AFT uses the NAT64 prefix to match destination IPv6 addresses and extracts the embedded IPv4 address from the matching IPv6 addresses.

A NAT64 prefix cannot be on the same subnet as any interface on the device.

IVI prefix translation

An IVI prefix is a 32-bit IPv6 address prefix. An IVI address is the IPv6 address that an IPv6 node uses. As shown in Figure 3, the IVI address includes an IVI prefix and an IPv4 address.

Figure 3 IVI address format

AFT uses an IVI prefix for IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation. If a source IPv6 address matches the IVI prefix, AFT translates it to the embedded IPv4 address.

General prefix translation

A general prefix is an IPv6 address prefix used to construct an IPv6 address representing an IPv4 node in an IPv6 network. The length of a general prefix can be 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, or 96.

As shown in Figure 4, a general prefix based IPv6 address does not have bits 64 through 71 reserved as a NAT64 prefix based IPv6 address does. An IPv4 address is embedded as a whole into an IPv6 address.

Figure 4 General prefix based IPv6 address format

AFT uses a general prefix for IPv6-to-IPv4 source and destination address translation. If a source or destination IPv6 address matches the general prefix, AFT translates it to the embedded IPv4 address.

A general prefix cannot be on the same subnet as any interface on the device.

AFT internal server

AFT internal server maps an IPv4 address and port number to the IPv6 address and port number of an IPv6 internal server. It allows the IPv6 internal server to provide services to IPv4 hosts.

AFT translation process

The address translation differs for IPv6-initiated communication and IPv4-initiated communication.

IPv6-initiated communication

As shown in Figure 5, when the IPv6 host initiates access to the IPv4 host, AFT operates as follows:

1.     Upon receiving a packet from the IPv6 host, AFT compares the packet with IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policies.

¡     If a matching policy is found, AFT translates the destination IPv6 address according to the policy.

¡     If no matching policy is found, AFT does not process the packet.

2.     AFT performs pre-lookup to determine the output interface for the translated packet. PBR is not used for the pre-lookup.

¡     If a matching route is found, the process goes to step 3.

¡     If no matching route is found, AFT discards the packet.

3.     AFT compares the source IPv6 address of the packet with IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policies.

¡     If a matching policy is found, AFT translates the source IPv6 address according to the policy.

¡     If no matching policy is found, AFT discards the packet.

4.     AFT forwards the translated packet and records the mappings between IPv6 addresses and IPv4 addresses.

5.     AFT translates the IPv4 addresses in the response packet header to IPv6 addresses based on the address mappings before packet forwarding.

For more information about IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policies, see "Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policy."

For more information about IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policies, see "Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policy."

Figure 5 AFT process for IPv6-initiated communication

IPv4-initiated communication

As shown in Figure 6, when the IPv4 host initiates access to the IPv6 host, AFT operates as follows:

1.     Upon receiving a packet from the IPv4 host, AFT compares the packet with IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policies.

¡     If a matching policy is found, AFT translates the destination IPv4 address according to the policy.

¡     If no matching policy is found, AFT does not perform address translation.

2.     AFT performs the pre-lookup to determine output interface for the translated packet. PBR is not used for the pre-lookup.

¡     If a matching route is found, the process goes to step 3.

¡     If no matching route is found, AFT discards the packet.

3.     AFT compares the source IPv4 address with IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policies.

¡     If a matching policy is found, AFT translates the source IPv4 address according to the policy.

¡     If no matching policy is found, AFT discards the packet.

4.     AFT forwards the translated packet and records the mappings between IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses.

5.     AFT translates the IPv6 addresses in the response packet header to IPv4 addresses based on the address mappings before packet forwarding.

For more information about IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policies, see "Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policy."

For more information about IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policies, see "Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policy."

Figure 6 AFT process for IPv4-initiated communication

AFT ALG

AFT ALG translates address or port information in the application layer payloads.

For example, an FTP application includes a data connection and a control connection. The IP address and port number for the data connection depend on the payload information of the control connection. This requires AFT ALG to translate the address and port information.

AFT ALG supports the following protocol packets: FTP packets, DNS packets, and ICMP error messages.

Restrictions: Hardware compatibility with AFT

Hardware

AFT compatibility

MSR810, MSR810-W, MSR810-W-DB, MSR810-LM, MSR810-W-LM, MSR810-10-PoE, MSR810-LM-HK, MSR810-W-LM-HK, MSR810-LMS-EA

Yes

MSR810-LMS, MSR810-LUS

No

MSR2600-6-X1, MSR2600-10-X1

Yes

MSR 2630

Yes

MSR3600-28, MSR3600-51

Yes

MSR3600-28-SI, MSR3600-51-SI

No

MSR3600-28-X1, MSR3600-28-X1-DP, MSR3600-51-X1, MSR3600-51-X1-DP

Yes

MSR3610-I-DP, MSR3610-IE-DP

Yes

MSR3610-X1, MSR3610-X1-DP, MSR3610-X1-DC, MSR3610-X1-DP-DC

Yes

MSR 3610, MSR 3620, MSR 3620-DP, MSR 3640, MSR 3660

Yes

MSR3610-G, MSR3620-G

Yes

AFT tasks at a glance

To configure AFT, perform the following tasks:

1.     Enabling AFT

2.     Configuring address translation for IPv6-initiated communication

¡     Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policy

¡     Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policy

¡     (Optional.) Setting the ToS field to 0 for translated IPv4 packets

3.     Configuring address translation for IPv4-initiated communication

¡     Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policy

¡     Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policy

¡     (Optional.) Setting the Traffic Class field to 0 for translated IPv6 packets

4.     (Optional.) Configuring AFT logging

Enabling AFT

Restrictions and guidelines

To implement address translation between IPv4 and IPv6 networks, you must enable AFT on interfaces connected to the IPv4 network and interfaces connected to the IPv6 network.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Enter interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3.     Enable AFT.

aft enable

By default, AFT is disabled.

Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policy

About IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policies

AFT compares an IPv6 packet with IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policies in the following order:

1.     IPv4-to-IPv6 source address static mappings.

2.     General prefixes.

3.     NAT64 prefixes.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 destination address translation policy.

¡     Configure an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address static mapping.

aft v4tov6 source ipv4-address [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ] ipv6-address [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ]

¡     Configure a general prefix.

aft prefix-general prefix-general prefix-length

¡     Configure a NAT64 prefix.

aft prefix-nat64 prefix-nat64 prefix-length

Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policy

About IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policies

AFT compares an IPv6 packet with IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policies in the following order:

1.     IPv6-to-IPv4 source address static mappings.

2.     General prefixes.

3.     IVI prefixes.

4.     IPv6-to-IPv4 source address dynamic translation policies.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     (Optional.) Configure an AFT address group.

a.     Create an AFT address group and enter AFT address group view.

aft address-group group-id

This step is required if you decide to use an address group in an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address dynamic translation policy.

b.     Add an address range to the address group.

address start-address end-address

You can add multiple address ranges to an address group, but the address ranges must not overlap.

c.     Return to system view.

quit

This configuration is supported only for the IPv6-to-IPv4 source address dynamic translation policies.

3.     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address translation policy.

¡     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address static mapping.

aft v6tov4 source ipv6-address [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] ipv4-address [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ]

¡     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address dynamic translation policy.

aft v6tov4 source { acl ipv6 { name ipv6-acl-name | number ipv6-acl-number } | prefix-nat64 prefix-nat64 prefix-length [ vpn-instance ipv6--vpn-instance-name ] } { address-group group-id [ no-pat | port-block-size blocksize ] | interface interface-type interface-number } [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ]

¡     Configure a general prefix.

aft prefix-general prefix-general prefix-length

¡     Configure an IVI prefix.

aft prefix-ivi prefix-ivi

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policy

About IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policies

AFT compares an IPv4 packet with IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address translation policies in the following order:

1.     AFT mappings for IPv6 internal servers.

2.     IPv6-to-IPv4 source address static mappings.

3.     IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address dynamic translation policies.

Configuring an AFT mapping for an IPv6 internal server

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure an AFT mapping for an IPv6 internal server.

aft v6server protocol protocol-type ipv4-destination-address ipv4-port-number [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ] ipv6-destination-address ipv6-port-number [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ]

Configuring an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address static mapping

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address static mapping.

aft v6tov4 source ipv6-address [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] ipv4-address [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ]

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address dynamic translation policy

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure an IVI prefix or general prefix. Choose one option as needed:

¡     Configure an IVI prefix.

aft prefix-ivi prefix-ivi

¡     Configure a general prefix.

aft prefix-general prefix-general prefix-length

3.     Configure an IPv4-to-IPv6 destination address dynamic translation policy.

aft v4tov6 destination acl { name ipv4-acl-name prefix-ivi prefix-ivi [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] | number ipv4-acl-number { prefix-general prefix-general prefix-length | prefix-ivi prefix-ivi [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] } }

You can use a nonexistent IVI prefix or general prefix in a policy, but the policy takes effect only after you configure the prefix.

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policy

About IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policies

AFT compares an IPv4 packet with IPv4-to-IPv6 source address translation policies in the following order:

1.     IPv4-to-IPv6 source address static mappings.

2.     IPv4-to-IPv6 source address dynamic translation policies.

3.     The first NAT64 prefix.

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address static mapping

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address static mapping.

aft v4tov6 source ipv4-address [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ] ipv6-address [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ]

Configuring an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address dynamic translation policy

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure a NAT64 prefix or general prefix. Choose one option as needed:

¡     Configure a NAT64 prefix.

aft prefix-nat64 prefix-nat64 prefix-length

¡     Configure a general prefix.

aft prefix-general prefix-general prefix-length

3.     Configure an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address dynamic translation policy.

aft v4tov6 source acl { name ipv4-acl-name prefix-nat64 prefix-nat64 prefix-length [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] | number ipv4-acl-number { prefix-general prefix-general prefix-length | prefix-nat64 prefix-nat64 prefix-length [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] } }

You can use a nonexistent NAT64 prefix or general prefix in a policy, but the policy takes effect only after you configure the prefix.

Configuring a NAT64 prefix

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Configure a NAT64 prefix.

aft prefix-nat64 prefix-nat64 prefix-length

Setting the ToS field to 0 for translated IPv4 packets

About setting the ToS field to 0 for translated IPv4 packets

You can set the ToS field value for IPv4 packets translated from IPv6 packets:

·     If the value is set to 0, the priority of the IPv4 packets is set to the lowest.

·     If the value is kept the same as the Traffic Class field value of original IPv6 packets, the priority is not changed.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Set the ToS field to 0 for IPv4 packets translated from IPv6 packets.

aft turn-off tos

By default, the ToS field value of translated IPv4 packets is the same as the Traffic Class field value of original IPv6 packets.

Setting the Traffic Class field to 0 for translated IPv6 packets

About setting the Traffic Class field to 0 for translated IPv6 packets

You can set the Traffic Class field value for IPv6 packets translated from IPv4 packets:

·     If the value is set to 0, the priority of the IPv6 packets is set to the lowest.

·     If the value is kept the same as the ToS field value of original IPv4 packets, the priority is not changed.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Set the Traffic Class field to 0 for IPv6 packets translated from IPv4 packets.

aft turn-off traffic-class

By default, the Traffic Class field value of translated IPv6 packets is the same as the ToS field value of original IPv4 packets.

Configuring AFT logging

About AFT logging

For security auditing, you can configure AFT logging to record AFT session information. AFT sessions refer to sessions whose source and destination addresses have been translated by AFT.

AFT can log the following events:

·     An AFT port block is created.

·     An AFT port block is deleted.

·     An AFT session is established.

·     An AFT session is removed.

The logs are sent to the information center of the device. For the logs to be output correctly, you must also configure the information center on the device. For more information about information center configuration, see Network Management and Monitoring Configuration Guide.

Procedure

1.     Enter system view.

system-view

2.     Enable AFT logging.

aft log enable

By default, AFT logging is disabled.

After you configure this command, AFT logs the creation and deletion events of AFT port blocks.

3.      (Optional.) Enabling AFT session establishment and removal logging.

¡     Enable AFT session establishment logging.

aft log flow-begin

By default, AFT session establishment logging is disabled.

AFT session establishment logging takes effect only after you execute the aft log enable command to enable AFT logging.

¡     Enable AFT session removal logging.

aft log flow-end

By default, AFT session removal logging is disabled.

AFT session removal logging takes effect only after you execute the aft log enable command to enable AFT logging.

Display and maintenance commands for AFT

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

 

Task

Command

Display AFT configuration.

display aft configuration

Display AFT address group information.

display aft address-group [ group-id ]

Display AFT mappings.

In standalone mode:

display aft address-mapping

In IRF mode:

display aft address-mapping [ slot slot-number ]

Display information about AFT NO-PAT entries.

In standalone mode:

display aft no-pat

In IRF mode:

display aft no-pat [ slot slot-number ]

Display AFT port block mappings.

In standalone mode:

display aft port-block

In IRF mode:

display aft port-block [ slot slot-number ]

Display information about AFT sessions.

In standalone mode:

display aft session ipv4 [ { source-ip source-ip-address | destination-ip destination-ip-address } * [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ] ] [ verbose ]

display aft session ipv6 [ { source-ip source-ipv6-address | destination-ip destination-ipv6-address } * [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] ] [ verbose ]

In IRF mode:

display aft session ipv4 [ { source-ip source-ip-address | destination-ip destination-ip-address } * [ vpn-instance ipv4-vpn-instance-name ] ] [ slot slot-number ] [ verbose ]

display aft session ipv6 [ { source-ip source-ipv6-address | destination-ip destination-ipv6-address } * [ vpn-instance ipv6-vpn-instance-name ] ] [ slot slot-number ] [ verbose ]

Display AFT statistics.

In standalone mode:

display aft statistics

In IRF mode:

display aft statistics [ slot slot-number ]

Clear AFT sessions.

In standalone mode:

reset aft session

In IRF mode:

reset aft session [ slot slot-number ]

Clear AFT statistics.

In standalone mode:

reset aft statistics

In IRF mode:

reset aft statistics [ slot slot-number ]

 

NOTE:

AFT service sessions are generated and processed on a per service module basis. The response packet for a session request might be dropped if they are processed by different service modules.

AFT configuration examples

Example: Allowing IPv4 Internet access from an IPv6 network

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 7, a company upgrades the network to IPv6 and has IPv4 addresses from 10.1.1.1 to 10.1.1.3.

To allow IPv6 hosts on subnet 2013::/96 to access the IPv4 Internet, configure the following AFT policies on the router:

·     Configure a NAT64 prefix to translate IPv4 addresses of IPv4 servers to IPv6 addresses.

·     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address dynamic translation policy to translate source IPv6 addresses of IPv6-initiated packets to IPv4 addresses in the range of 10.1.1.1 to 10.1.1.3.

Figure 7 Network diagram

Procedure

# Specify IP addresses for the interfaces on the router. (Details not shown.)

# Create AFT address group 0, and add the address range from 10.1.1.1 to 10.1.1.3 to the group.

<Router> system-view

[Router] aft address-group 0

[Router-aft-address-group-0] address 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.3

[Router-aft-address-group-0] quit

# Configure IPv6 ACL 2000 to permit IPv6 packets only from subnet 2013::/96 to pass through.

[Router] acl ipv6 basic 2000

[Router-acl-ipv6-basic-2000] rule permit source 2013:: 96

[Router-acl-ipv6-basic-2000] rule deny

[Router-acl-ipv6-basic-2000] quit

# Configure the router to translate source IPv6 addresses of packets permitted by IPv6 ACL 2000 to IPv4 addresses in address group 0.

[Router] aft v6tov4 source acl ipv6 number 2000 address-group 0

# Configure the router to use NAT64 prefix 2012::/96 to translate destination IPv6 addresses of IPv6 packets.

[Router] aft prefix-nat64 2012:: 96

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1, which is connected to the IPv6 network.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, which is connected to the IPv4 Internet.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify the connectivity between IPv6 hosts and IPv4 servers. This example pings IPv4 server A from IPv6 host A.

D:\>ping 2012::20.1.1.1

Pinging 2012::20.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 2012::20.1.1.1: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::20.1.1.1: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::20.1.1.1: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::20.1.1.1: time=3ms

# Display detailed information about IPv6 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv6 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 2013::100/0

  Destination IP/port: 2012::1401:0101/32768

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: IPV6-ICMP(58)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 2012::1401:0101/0

  Destination IP/port: 2013::100/33024

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: IPV6-ICMP(58)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: ICMPV6_REPLY

Application: OTHER

Start time: 2014-03-13 08:52:59  TTL: 23s

Initiator->Responder:            4 packets        320 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            4 packets        320 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

# Display detailed information about IPv4 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv4 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 10.1.1.1/1025

  Destination IP/port: 20.1.1.1/2048

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: ICMP(1)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 20.1.1.1/1025

  Destination IP/port: 10.1.1.1/0

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: ICMP(1)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: ICMP_REPLY

Application: OTHER

Start time: 2014-03-13 08:52:59  TTL: 27s

Initiator->Responder:            4 packets        240 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            4 packets        240 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

Example: Providing FTP service from an IPv6 network to the IPv4 Internet

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 8, a company upgrades the network to IPv6, and it has an IPv4 address 10.1.1.1.

To allow the IPv6 FTP server to provide FTP services to IPv4 hosts, configure the following AFT policies on the router:

·     Map the IPv6 FTP server's IPv6 address and TCP port number to the company's IPv4 address and TCP port number.

·     Configure a NAT64 prefix to translate source IPv4 addresses of IPv4 packets to source IPv6 addresses.

Figure 8 Network diagram

Procedure

# Specify IP addresses for the interfaces on the router. (Details not shown.)

# Map IPv4 address 10.1.1.1 with TCP port 21 to IPv6 address 2013::102 with TCP port 21 for the IPv6 internal FTP server.

<Router> system-view

[Router] aft v6server protocol tcp 10.1.1.1 21 2013::102 21

# Configure the router to use NAT64 prefix 2012:: 96 to translate source addresses of IPv4 packets.

[Router] aft prefix-nat64 2012:: 96

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1, which is connected to the IPv4 Internet.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, which is connected to the IPv6 FTP server.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that IPv4 hosts can use FTP to access the IPv6 FTP server. (Details not shown.)

# Display detailed information about IPv6 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv4 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 20.1.1.1/11025

  Destination IP/port: 10.1.1.1/21

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 10.1.1.1/21

  Destination IP/port: 20.1.1.1/11025

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: TCP_ESTABLISHED

Application: FTP

Start time: 2014-03-13 09:07:30  TTL: 3577s

Initiator->Responder:            3 packets        124 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            2 packets        108 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

# Display detailed information about IPv4 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv6 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 2012::1401:0101/1029

  Destination IP/port: 2013::102/21

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 2013::102/21

  Destination IP/port: 2012::1401:0101/1029

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: TCP_ESTABLISHED

Application: FTP

Start time: 2014-03-13 09:07:30  TTL: 3582s

Initiator->Responder:            3 packets        184 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            2 packets        148 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

Example: Allowing mutual access between IPv4 and IPv6 networks

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 9, a company deploys both an IPv4 network and an IPv6 network.

To allow mutual access between the IPv4 network and the IPv6 network, configure the following AFT policies on the router:

·     Assign an IVI prefix and an IPv4 subnet to the IPv6 network. Each IPv6 host uses the IPv6 addresses formed by the IVI prefix and an IPv4 address on the IPv4 subnet.

·     Configure a NAT64 prefix to translate source IPv4 addresses of packets initiated by the IPv4 network to IPv6 addresses.

Figure 9 Network diagram

Procedure

# Specify IP addresses for the interfaces on the router. The IPv6 addresses for IPv6 hosts are calculated by the IVI prefix 2013::/32 and IPv4 addresses in the range of 20.1.1.0/24. (Details not shown.)

# Configure IPv4 ACL 2000 to permits all IPv4 packets to pass through.

<Router> system-view

[Router] acl basic 2000

[Router-acl-ipv4-basic-2000] rule permit

[Router-acl-ipv4-basic-2000] quit

# Configure the router to use NAT64 prefix 2012:: 96 to translate source addresses of IPv4 packets. The router also uses the prefix to translate destination addresses of IPv6 packets.

[Router] aft prefix-nat64 2012:: 96

# Configure the router to use IVI prefix 2013:: to translate source addresses of IPv6 packets.

[Router] aft prefix-ivi 2013::

# Configure the router to use IVI prefix 2013:: to translate destination addresses of packets permitted by IPv4 ACL 2000.

[Router] aft v4tov6 destination acl number 2000 prefix-ivi 2013::

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet1/0/1, which is connected to the IPv4 network.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet1/0/2, which is connected to the IPv6 network.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify the connectivity between IPv6 hosts and IPv4 hosts. This example pings IPv4 host A from IPv6 host A.

D:\>ping 2012::a01:0101

Pinging 2012::a01:0101 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 2012::a01:0101: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::a01:0101: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::a01:0101: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::a01:0101: time=3ms

# Display information about IPv6 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv6 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 2013:0:FF14:0101:0100::/0

  Destination IP/port: 2012::0a01:0101/32768

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: IPV6-ICMP(58)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 2012::0a01:0101/0

  Destination IP/port: 2013:0:FF14:0101:0100::/33024

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: IPV6-ICMP(58)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

State: ICMPV6_REPLY

Application: OTHER

Start time: 2014-03-13 08:52:59  TTL: 23s

Initiator->Responder:            4 packets        320 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            4 packets        320 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

# Display information about IPv4 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv4 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 20.1.1.1/1025

  Destination IP/port: 10.1.1.1/2048

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: ICMP(1)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 10.1.1.1/1025

  Destination IP/port: 20.1.1.1/0

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: ICMP(1)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

State: ICMP_REPLY

Application: OTHER

Start time: 2014-03-13 08:52:59  TTL: 27s

Initiator->Responder:            4 packets        240 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            4 packets        240 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

Example: Allowing IPv6 Internet access from an IPv4 network

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 10, a company deploys an IPv4 network, and the Internet migrates to IPv6.

To allow IPv4 hosts to access the IPv6 server in the IPv6 Internet, configure the following AFT policies on the router:

·     Configure an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address dynamic translation policy.

·     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address static mapping for the IPv6 server.

Figure 10 Network diagram

Procedure

# Specify IP addresses for the interfaces on the router. (Details not shown.)

# Configure IPv4 ACL 2000 to permit IPv4 packets only from subnet 10.1.1.0/24 to pass through.

<Router> system-view

[Router] acl basic 2000

[Router-acl-ipv4-basic-2000] rule permit source 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[Router-acl-ipv4-basic-2000] rule deny

[Router-acl-ipv4-basic-2000] quit

# Configure NAT64 prefix 2012:: 96.

[Router] aft prefix-nat64 2012:: 96

# Configure the router to use NAT64 prefix 2012:: 96 to translate source addresses of packets permitted by IPv4 ACL 2000.

[Router] aft v4tov6 source acl number 2000 prefix-nat64 2012:: 96

# Map source IPv6 address 2013:0:ff14:0101:100:: to source IPv4 address 20.1.1.1.

[Router] aft v6tov4 source 2013:0:ff14:0101:100:: 20.1.1.1

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1, which is connected to the IPv4 network.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, which is connected to the IPv6 Internet.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify the connectivity between the IPv4 hosts and the IPv6 server. This example uses the ping utility on an IPv4 host.

D:\>ping 20.1.1.1

Pinging 20.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 20.1.1.1: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=63

Reply from 20.1.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=63

Reply from 20.1.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=63

Reply from 20.1.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=63

# Display detailed information about IPv6 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv4 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 10.1.1.1/1025

  Destination IP/port: 20.1.1.1/2048

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: ICMP(1)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 20.1.1.1/1025

  Destination IP/port: 10.1.1.1/0

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: ICMP(1)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: ICMP_REPLY

Application: OTHER

Start time: 2014-03-13 08:52:59  TTL: 27s

Initiator->Responder:            4 packets        240 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            4 packets        240 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

# Display detailed information about IPv4 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv6 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 2012::0A01:0101/0

  Destination IP/port: 2013:0:FF14:0101:0100::/32768

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: IPV6-ICMP(58)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 2013:0:FF14:0101:0100::/0

  Destination IP/port: 2012::0A01:0101/33024

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: IPV6-ICMP(58)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: ICMPV6_REPLY

Application: OTHER

Start time: 2014-03-13 08:52:59  TTL: 23s

Initiator->Responder:            4 packets        320 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            4 packets        320 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

Example: Providing FTP service from an IPv4 network to the IPv6 Internet

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 11, a company deploys an IPv4 network, and it has an IPv6 address 2012::1. The Internet migrates to IPv6.

To allow the IPv4 FTP server to provide FTP services to IPv6 hosts, configure the following AFT policies on the router:

·     Configure an IPv4-to-IPv6 source address static mapping for the IPv4 FTP server. The router uses the mapping to translate the destination IPv6 address of IPv6-initiated addresses to the IPv4 address.

·     Configure an IPv6-to-IPv4 source address dynamic translation policy. The router translates source IPv6 addresses of IPv6-initiated packets to source IPv4 addresses 30.1.1.1 and 30.1.1.2.

Figure 11 Network diagram

Procedure

# Specify IP addresses for the interfaces on the router. (Details not shown.)

# Map source IPv4 address 20.1.1.1 to source IPv6 address 2012::1.

<Router> system-view

[Router] aft v4tov6 source 20.1.1.1 2012::1

# Configure address group 0, and add the address range from 30.1.1.1 to 30.1.1.2 to the group.

[Router] aft address-group 0

[Router-aft-address-group-0] address 30.1.1.1 30.1.1.2

[Router-aft-address-group-0] quit

# Configure IPv6 ACL 2000 to permit all IPv6 packets to pass through.

[Router] acl ipv6 basic 2000

[Router-acl-ipv6-basic-2000] rule permit

[Router-acl-ipv6-basic-2000] quit

# Configure the router to translate source addresses of IPv6 packets permitted by IPv6 ACL 2000 to IPv4 addresses in address group 0.

[Router] aft v6tov4 source acl ipv6 number 2000 address-group 0

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1, which is connected to the IPv6 Internet.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

# Enable AFT on GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, which is connected to the IPv4 network.

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] aft enable

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify the connectivity between the IPv6 hosts and the IPv4 FTP server. For example, ping the IPv4 FTP server from IPv6 host A.

D:\>ping 2012::1

Pinging 2012::1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 2012::1: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::1: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::1: time=3ms

Reply from 2012::1: time=3ms

# Display detailed information about IPv6 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv6 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 2013:0:FF0A:0101:0100::/1029

  Destination IP/port: 2012::1/21

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 2012::1/21

  Destination IP/port: 2013:0:FF0A:0101:0100::/1029

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: TCP_ESTABLISHED

Application: FTP

Start time: 2014-03-13 09:07:30  TTL: 3582s

Initiator->Responder:            3 packets        184 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            2 packets        148 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

# Display detailed information about IPv4 AFT sessions on the router.

[Router] display aft session ipv4 verbose

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 30.1.1.1/11025

  Destination IP/port: 20.1.1.1/21

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 20.1.1.1/21

  Destination IP/port: 30.1.1.1/11025

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

State: TCP_ESTABLISHED

Application: FTP

Start time: 2014-03-13 09:07:30  TTL: 3577s

Initiator->Responder:            3 packets        124 bytes

Responder->Initiator:            2 packets        108 bytes

 

Total sessions found: 1

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