This chapter describes how to configure interfaces for connecting to WAN networks, including Frame Relay and ATM. Available WAN interfaces include the synchronous serial interface, and CE1 interface.

Configuring a serial interface

Synchronous serial interface

Synchronous serial interfaces provide serial communication channels for synchronous data transmission. The interface type name is Serial.

A synchronous serial interface operates in DCE or DTE mode. Two directly connected synchronous serial interfaces must operate in different modes.

· In DCE mode, the interface provides timing for synchronization and sets the baud rate.

· In DTE mode, the interface accepts the timing signal and baud rate from the DCE.

The synchronous serial interfaces on the device typically operate as DTE.

You can connect a synchronous interface to various types of cables, including V.24, V.35, and X.21. Typically, the device can automatically recognize the cable type and select electrical properties.

The synchronous serial interface supports multiple data link layer protocols, including PPP, HDLC, and Frame Relay. The interface supports network layer protocols, such as IP.

Configuring a synchronous serial interface

This section only describes the interface properties configuration. Depending on the network requirements, you might also need to configure the data link layer protocol, IP address, firewall, and interface backup.

Only serial interfaces on the MIM-2SAE, MIM-4SAE, and MIM-8SAE interface modules support the following commands:

· baudrate

· code

· detect dcd

· detect dsr-dtr

· invert receive-clock

· invert transmit-clock

· reverse-rts

· virtualbaudrate

To configure a synchronous serial interface:

Step		Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.		system-view	N/A
2. Enter synchronous serial interface view.		interface serial interface-number	N/A
3. (Optional.) Configure the interface description.		description text	By default, the description of a synchronous serial interface is interface name Interface, for example, Serial1/1/0 Interface.
4. Set the link layer protocol.		link-protocol { fr \| hdlc \| ppp \| mfr }	The default is PPP.
5. Set the digital signal coding format.		code { nrz \| nrzi }	The default is non-return-to-zero (NRZ).
6. Set the baud rate.		· Set the baud rate on the DCE side: baudrate baudrate · Set the baud rate on the DTE side: virtualbaudrate virtualbaudrate	The default is 64000 bps.
7. Set the clock selection mode for the synchronous serial interface.		clock { dteclk1 \| dteclk2 \| dteclk3 \| dteclk4 \| dteclk5 \| dteclkauto }	By default, the DTE-side clock is dteclk1. The dteclk5 keyword is not supported in the current software version.
8. (Optional.) Set transmit-clock or receive-clock signal inversion on the DTE side.	invert { transmit-clock \| receive-clock }		By default, clock signal inversion is disabled.
9. Set the MTU.	mtu size		The default is 1500 bytes.
10. Set the CRC mode.	crc { 16 \| 32 \| none }		The default is 16-bit CRC.
11. Set the number of interframe filling tags.	itf number number		The default is four.
12. (Optional.) Enable level detection.	detect dsr-dtr		By default, level detection is enabled.
13. (Optional.) Enable data carrier detection (DCD).	detect dcd		By default, DCD is enabled.
14. (Optional.) Enable local loopback.	loopback		By default, local loopback is disabled.
15. Set the keepalive interval.	timer-hold seconds		The default setting is 10 seconds.
16. Set the maximum number of keepalive attempts.	timer-hold retry retries		The default setting is 5. The interface determines that the remote end is down if it does not receive a keepalive response after the maximum number of keepalive attempts have been made.
17. Set the line idle-code.	idle-code { 7e \| ff }		The default is 0x7E.
18. (Optional.) Enable RTS signal reverse.	reverse-rts		By default, RTS signal reverse is disabled.
19. (Optional.) Set the intended bandwidth for the synchronous serial interface.	bandwidth bandwidth-value		By default, the expected bandwidth (in kbps) is the interface baud rate divided by 1000.
20. (Optional.) Restore the default settings for the synchronous serial interface.	default		N/A
21. Bring up the synchronous serial interface.	undo shutdown		By default, a synchronous serial interface is up.

Configuring a subinterface

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Create a subinterface and enter its view.	interface serial interface-number.subnumber [ p2mp \| p2p ]	N/A
3. (Optional.) Configure the interface description.	description text	By default, the description of a subinterface is interface-name Interface.
4. (Optional.) Set the MTU.	mtu size	The default MTU is 1500 bytes.
5. (Optional.) Set the expected bandwidth for the subinterface.	bandwidth bandwidth-value	By default, the expected bandwidth (in kbps) is the interface baud rate divided by 1000.
6. (Optional.) Restore the default settings for the subinterface.	default	N/A
7. Bring up the subinterface.	undo shutdown	By default, a subinterface is up.

Enabling subinterface rate statistics collection on a serial interface

IMPORTANT:

This feature is resource intensive. When you enable this feature, make sure you fully understand its impact on system performance.

After enabling subinterface rate statistics collection on a serial interface, the device periodically refreshes the rate statistics for the subinterfaces of the serial interface. You can use the display interface command to view the rate statistics.

Serial interfaces that support this feature include synchronous serial interfaces and sub-channel serial interfaces.

To enable subinterface rate statistics collection for a serial subinterface:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter serial interface view.	interface serial interface-number	N/A
3. Enable subinterface rate statistics collection on the serial interface.	sub-interface rate-statistic	By default, subinterface rate statistics collection on the serial interface is disabled.

Displaying and maintaining serial interfaces

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

Task	Command
Display serial interface information.	display interface [ serial [ interface-number ] ] [ brief [ description \| down ] ]
Clear statistics for serial interfaces.	reset counters interface [ serial [ interface-number ] ]

Configuring a CE1 interface

The following TDM systems are available in the data communications system:

· E1 system—Recommended by ITU-T and widely used in Europe and China.

· T1 system—Recommended by ANSI and widely used in North America and Japan. (Japan uses the J1 system. This system is considered to be a T1 system because of their similarity.)

A CE1 interface can operate in channelized or unchannelized mode. Support for the channelized and unchannelized modes depends on the card type.

Channelized mode is also called CE1 mode. In CE1 mode, a CE1 interface is physically divided into 32 timeslots numbered 0 to 31. Timeslot 0 is used to transmit synchronizing information.

In CE1 mode, you can bundle all timeslots except timeslot 0 into a maximum of 31 channel sets.

For each channel set, the system automatically creates a serial interface named serial interface-number:set-number. This interface has the same logical features as a standard synchronous serial interface. The interface supports settings including:

· Data link protocols, such as PPP, HDLC, or FR.

· IP addressing.

· Interface backup settings if the interface is used as a primary or backup interface.

· NAT and packet filtering.

Unchannelized mode is also called E1 mode.

For a CE1 interface in E1 mode, the system automatically creates a 2.048 Mbps serial interface named serial interface-number:0. This interface has the same logical features as a standard synchronous serial interface. The interface supports settings including:

· Data link protocols, such as PPP, HDLC, or FR.

· IP addressing.

· Interface backup settings if the interface is used as a primary or backup interface.

· NAT and packet filtering.

Configuring a CE1 interface in E1 mode

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter CE1 interface view.	controller e1 interface-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface to operate in E1 mode.	using e1	By default, a CE1 interface operates in channelized mode.
4. (Optional.) Enable alarm indication signal (AIS) detection.	detect-ais	By default, AIS detection is disabled.
5. (Optional.) Set other interface parameters.	See "Configuring other CE1 interface parameters."	N/A

Configuring a CE1 interface in CE1 mode

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter CE1 interface view.	controller e1 interface-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface to operate in channelized mode.	using ce1	By default, a CE1 interface operates in channelized mode.
4. Bundle timeslots on the interface into a channel set.	channel-set set-number timeslot-list list	By default, no channel sets exist on a CE1 interface.
5. Set the framing format.	frame-format { crc4 \| no-crc4 }	The default is no-CRC4.
6. (Optional.) Enable RAI detection on the interface.	alarm-detect rai	By default, RAI detection is enabled on the interface.
7. (Optional.) Set other interface parameters.	See "Configuring other CE1 interface parameters."	N/A

Configuring other CE1 interface parameters

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter CE1 interface view.	controller e1 interface-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface description.	description text	By default, the description of an interface is interface-name Interface.
4. Set the line code format.	code { ami \| hdb3 }	The default is high density bipolar 3 (HDB3).
5. Enable or disable user data inversion.	data-coding { inverted \| normal }	By default, user data inversion is disabled.
6. Set the cable type.	cable { long \| short }	The default cable setting is long mode.
7. Set the clock mode.	clock { master \| slave }	The default clock mode is slave, which is line clock.
8. Enable automatic clock mode change.	clock-change auto	By default, automatic clock mode change is disabled.
9. Set the line idle code type.	Idle-code { 7e \| ff }	The default is 0x7E.
10. Set the type and the number of interframe filling tags.	itf { number number \| type { 7e \| ff } }	By default: · The type of the interframe filling tag is 0x7E. · The number of interframe filling tags is four.
11. Set the loopback mode.	loopback { local \| payload \| remote }	By default, loopback is disabled.
12. (Optional.) Restore the default settings for the CE1 interface.	default	N/A
13. Bring up the CE1 interface.	undo shutdown	By default, a CE1 interface is up.
14. Return to system view.	quit	N/A
15. Enter the view of the synchronous serial interface.	· In E1 mode: interface serial interface-number:0 · In CE1 mode: interface serial interface-number:set-number	Make sure the synchronous serial interface is the one created for CE1 interface.
16. Set the CRC mode.	crc { 16 \| 32 \| none }	The default is 16-bit CRC.

Displaying and maintaining CE1 interfaces

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

Task	Command
Display information about CE1 interfaces.	display controller e1 [interface-number ]
Display information about a channel set.	display interface serial interface-number:set-number
Clear statistics for CE1 interfaces.	reset counters controller e1 [ interface-number ]

Configuring an E1-F interface

E1-F interfaces, which are fractional E1 interfaces, are simplified CE1 interfaces. They are a cost-effective alternative to CE1 interfaces for E1 access services that do not require multiple channel sets.

An E1-F interface has the following features:

· In framed mode, an E1-F interface can bind timeslots into only one channel set. In contrast, a CE1 interface can group and bundle timeslots randomly into multiple channel sets.

· An E1-F interface can operate in either framed (the default) or unframed mode.

¡ In unframed mode, an E1-F interface provides 2048 kbps of data bandwidth. For the interface, a synchronous serial interface is created automatically.

¡ In framed mode, an E1-F interface is physically divided into 32 timeslots numbered 0 through 31. Timeslot 0 is used for transmitting synchronization information. All other timeslots can randomly form one channel set. For the channel set, a synchronous serial interface is created automatically. The interface rate is n × 64 kbps, where n is the number of bundled timeslots.

· The synchronous serial interface created in either mode has the same logical features as a standard synchronous serial interface and supports the following protocols:

¡ Data link layer protocols, such as PPP, HDLC, and Frame Relay.

¡ Network layer protocols, such as IP.

You can configure this interface in the same way you configure a standard synchronous serial interface.

Configuring an E1-F interface in framed mode

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter E1-F interface view.	interface serial interface-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface to operate in framed mode.	undo fe1 unframed	The default is framed mode.
4. Bundle timeslots on the interface.	fe1 timeslot-list range	By default, if no timeslot range is specified, all timeslots are bundled.
5. Set the framing format.	fe1 frame-format { crc4 \| no-crc4 }	The default is no-CRC4.
6. (Optional.) Enable RAI detection on the interface.	fe1 alarm-detect rai	By default, RAI detection is enabled on the interface.
7. (Optional.) Set other interface parameters.	See "Configuring other E1-F interface parameters."	N/A

Configuring an E1-F interface in unframed mode

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter E1-F interface view.	interface serial interface-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface to operate in unframed mode.	fe1 unframed	The default is framed mode.
4. (Optional.) Enable AIS detection.	fe1 detect-ais	By default, AIS detection is disabled.
5. (Optional.) Set other interface parameters.	See "Configuring other E1-F interface parameters."	N/A

Configuring other E1-F interface parameters

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter E1-F interface view.	interface serial serial-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface description.	description text	By default, the description of an interface is interface-name Interface.
4. Set the line code format.	fe1 code { ami \| hdb3 }	The default is HDB3.
5. Enable or disable user data inversion.	fe1 data-coding { inverted \| normal }	By default, user data inversion is disabled.
6. Set the clock mode.	fe1 clock { master \| slave }	The default is slave, which is line clock.
7. Enable automatic clock mode change.	clock-change auto	By default, automatic clock mode change is disabled.
8. Set the cable type.	fe1 cable { long \| short }	By default, the cable type is long.
9. Set the CRC mode.	crc { 16 \| 32 \| none }	The default is 16-bit CRC.
10. Set the line idle code type.	fe1 idle-code { 7e \| ff }	The default is 0x7E.
11. Set the type and the number of interframe filling tags.	fe1 itf { number number \| type { 7e \| ff } }	By default: · The type of the interframe filling tag is 0x7E. · The number of interframe filling tags is four.
12. Enable loopback and set the loopback mode.	fe1 loopback { local \| payload \| remote }	By default, loopback is disabled.
13. Set the MTU for the BRI interface.	mtu size	The default setting is 1500 bytes.
14. Set the keepalive interval.	timer-hold seconds	The default setting is 10 seconds.
15. Set the maximum number of keepalive attempts.	timer-hold retry retries	The default setting is 5. The interface determines that the remote end is down if it does not receive a keepalive response after the maximum number of keepalive attempts have been made.
16. Set the intended bandwidth for the E1-F interface.	bandwidth bandwidth-value	By default, the expected bandwidth (in kbps) is the interface baud rate divided by 1000.
17. Restore the default settings for the E1-F interface.	default	N/A
18. Bring up the E1-F interface.	undo shutdown	By default, an E1-F interface is up.

Displaying and maintaining E1-F interfaces

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

Task	Command
Display information about E1-F interfaces.	display fe1 [ serial interface-number ]
Display the status of an E1-F interface.	display interface serial interface-number
Clear statistics for E1-F interfaces.	reset counters interface [ serial [ interface-number ] ]

Configuring a CT3 interface

Both T3 and T1 belong to the T-carrier system promoted by ANSI. T3 uses the digital signal level DS-3 and operates at 44.736 Mbps.

CT3 interfaces support the T3 (unchannelized) mode and the CT3 (channelized) mode.

· In T3 mode, a CT3 interface provides 44.736 Mbps of data bandwidth. No timeslots are divided. The system automatically creates a synchronous serial interface for it. The serial interface name uses the serial number/0:0 format.

· In CT3 mode, a CT3 interface can be demultiplexed into 28 channels of T1 signals. Each T1 line can be divided into 24 timeslots numbered 1 through 24. Each line on a T1 interface can operate at either 64 kbps or 56 kbps.

The following are schemes available for creating different rates of T1 lines on a CT3 interface in CT3 mode:

¡ M × 1.536 Mbps. (M is an integer in the range of 1 to 28.)

¡ N × 56 kbps or N x 64 kbps. (N is an integer in the range of 1 to 24.)

A T1 line can operate in T1 or CT1 mode.

¡ If the T1 line operates in unframed (T1) mode, the system automatically creates a 1544 kbps serial interface for it. The serial interface name uses the serial number/line-number:0 format.

¡ If the T1 line operates in framed (CT1) mode, you can bundle timeslots on it. The system automatically creates a synchronous serial interface for it. The serial interface name uses the serial number/line-number:set-number format. This interface operates at n × 64 kbps or n × 56 kbps, where n is the number of bundled timeslots.

· The synchronous serial interface created in T3 or CT3 mode has the same logical features as a standard synchronous serial interface and supports the following protocols:

¡ Data link layer protocols, such as PPP and HDLC.

¡ Network layer protocols, such as IP.

You can configure this interface in the same way you configure a standard synchronous serial interface.

Configuring a CT3 interface in T3 mode

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter CT3 interface view.	controller t3 interface-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface to operate in T3 mode.	using t3	The default operating mode is CT3 mode.
4. (Optional.) Configure the interface to operate in FT3 mode and set the DSU mode or the subrate.	ft3 { dsu-mode { 0 \| 2 \| 3 \| 4 } \| subrate number }	By default: · DSU mode 0 (the digital link mode) is used. · The subrate is 44210 kbps.
5. (Optional.) Configure the interface description.	description text	By default, the description of an interface is interface-name Interface.
6. Set the clock mode.	clock { master \| slave }	The default clock mode for the CT3 interface is slave, which is line clock.
7. Set the cable length.	cable feet	The default is 14.9 meters (49 feet).
8. Set the framing format for the CT3 interface.	frame-format { c-bit \| m23 }	By default, the framing format on the CT3 interface is C-bit.
9. (Optional.) Set the loopback mode.	loopback { local \| payload \| remote }	By default, loopback is disabled.
10. (Optional.) Configure alarm signal detection/sending.	alarm { detect \| generate { ais \| febe \| idle \| rai } }	By default, alarm signal detection is enabled and alarm signal sending is disabled.
11. (Optional.) Configure FEAC channel signal detection/sending on the CT3 interface.	· feac detect · feac generate loopback { ds3-line \| ds3-payload } · feac generate { ds3-los \| ds3-ais \| ds3-oof \| ds3-idle \| ds3-eqptfail }	By default, FEAC channel signal detection is enabled, but no FEAC signals are sent.
12. (Optional.) Configure MDL message detection/sending on the CT3 interface.	mdl { data { eic string \| fic string \| \| gen-no string \| lic string \| pfi string \| port-no string \| unit string } \| detect \| generate { idle-signal \| path \| test-signal } }	By default, MDL message detection and sending are disabled and the default MDL message information applies.
13. (Optional.) Restore the default settings for the CT3 interface.	default	N/A
14. (Optional.) Bring up the CT3 interface.	undo shutdown	By default, a CT3 interface is up.
15. Return to system view.	quit	N/A
16. Enter synchronous serial interface view.	interface serial number/0:0	Make sure the synchronous serial interface is the one created for the CT3 interface.
17. Set the CRC mode.	crc { 16 \| 32 \| none }	The default is 16-bit CRC.

Configuring a CT3 interface in CT3 mode

When you change the interface state during the configuration, make sure you understand the following information:

· Shutting down or bringing up a CT3 interface also shuts down or brings up all its lines and serial interfaces, including:

¡ T1 lines demultiplexed from the CT3 interface.

¡ Serial interfaces created for unframed T1 lines.

¡ The serial interfaces created for channel sets on framed T1 lines.

· Shutting down or bringing up a T1 line also shuts down or brings up the serial interface created for it.

· To shut down or bring up only the serial interface for a T3, unframed T1, or framed T1 channel, use the shutdown or undo shutdown command in serial interface view.

To configure a CT3 interface in CT3 mode:

Step	Command	Remarks
1. Enter system view.	system-view	N/A
2. Enter CT3 interface view.	controller t3 interface-number	N/A
3. Configure the interface to operate in CT3 mode.	using ct3	The default operating mode is CT3 mode.
4. Set the operating mode of a T1 line on the CT3 interface.	· Set the operating mode to unframed (T1): t1 line-number unframed · Set the operating mode to framed (CT1) and bundle timeslots: a. (Optional.) undo t1 line-number unframed b. t1 line-number channel-set set-number timeslot-list range [ speed { 56k \| 64k } ]	By default: · A T1 line operates in framed (CT1) mode. · No timeslots are bundled into channel sets.
5. (Optional.) Configure the interface description.	description text	By default, the description of an interface is interface-name Interface.
6. (Optional.) Set the clock mode.	· Set the clock mode for a CT3 interface: clock { master \| slave } · Set the clock mode for a T1 line on the CT3 interface: t1 line-number clock { master \| slave }	The default clock mode for the CT3 interface is slave. The default clock mode for the T1 line is slave.
7. Set the cable length.	cable feet	The default is 14.9 meters (49 feet).
8. Set the framing format for the CT3 interface.	frame-format { c-bit \| m23 }	By default, the framing format on the CT3 interface is C-bit.
9. Set the framing format for the T1 line.	t1 line-number set frame-format { esf \| sf }	By default, the framing format on the T1 line is ESF.
10. (Optional.) Set the loopback mode.	· On the CT3 interface: loopback { local \| payload \| remote } · On a T1 line: t1 line-number set loopback.{ local \| payload \| remote }	By default, loopback is disabled.
11. (Optional.) Configure alarm signal detection/sending.	· On the CT3 interface: alarm { detect \| generate { ais \| febe \| idle \| rai } } · On a T1 line: t1 line-number alarm { detect \| generate { ais \| rai } }	By default, alarm signal detection is enabled and alarm signal sending is disabled.
12. (Optional.) Configure FEAC channel signal detection/sending on the CT3 interface.	· feac detect · feac generate loopback { ds3-line \| ds3-payload } · feac generate { ds3-los \| ds3-ais \| ds3-oof \| ds3-idle \| ds3-eqptfail }	By default, FEAC channel signal detection is enabled, but no FEAC signals are sent.
13. (Optional.) Configure MDL message detection/sending on the CT3 interface.	mdl { data { eic string \| fic string \| \| gen-no string \| lic string \| pfi string \| port-no string \| unit string } \| detect \| generate { idle-signal \| path \| test-signal } }	By default, MDL message detection and sending are disabled and the default MDL message information applies.
14. (Optional.) Place a T1 line on the far-end CT3 interface in a loopback.	t1 line-number sendloopcode { fdl-ansi-line-up \| fdl-ansi-payload-up \| fdl-att-payload-up \| inband-line-up }	By default, no loopback mode is set.
15. (Optional.) Set the FDL format for a T1 channel.	t1 line-number set fdl { ansi \| att \| both \| none }	By default, FDL is disabled. This operation applies only to T1 channels that are formed on CT3 interfaces, operate in channelized mode, and use ESF as the T1 framing format.
16. (Optional.) Restore the default settings for the CT3 interface.	default	N/A
17. (Optional.) Bring up the CT3 interface or a T1 line on the interface.	· Bring up the CT3 interface: undo shutdown · Bring up a T1 line on the CT3 interface: undo t1 line-number shutdown	By default, all CT3 interfaces and T1 lines are up.
18. Return to system view.	quit	N/A
19. Enter synchronous serial interface view.	· In T1 mode: interface serial number/line-number:0 · In CT1 mode: interface serial number/line-number:set-number	Make sure the synchronous serial interface is the one created for the T1 line you want to configure.
20. Set the CRC mode.	crc { 16 \| 32 \| none }	The default is 16-bit CRC.

Displaying and maintaining CT3 interfaces

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

Task	Command
Display CT3 interface or T1 line information.	display controller t3 [ interface-number ] [ t1 line-number ]
Display the configuration and state of a serial interface formed on a CT3 interface.	display interface serial interface-number
Display the state of a T1 line.	t1 line-number show
Clear statistics for CT3 interfaces.	reset counters controller t3 [ interface-number ]

03-Interface Configuration Guide

Configuring WAN interfaces

Configuring a serial interface

Configuring a synchronous serial interface

Enabling subinterface rate statistics collection on a serial interface

Configuring a CE1 interface

Configuring other CE1 interface parameters

Configuring an E1-F interface

Configuring an E1-F interface in framed mode

Configuring other E1-F interface parameters

Displaying and maintaining E1-F interfaces

Configuring a CT3 interface

Configuring a CT3 interface in T3 mode

Displaying and maintaining CT3 interfaces

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