Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Overview.. 1-1

1.1 Introduction to Voice Gateway. 1-1

1.2 VG Feature List 1-3

Chapter 2 Fundamental Configuration. 2-1

2.1 Setting up Configuration Environment 2-1

2.1.1 Setting up Local Configuration Environment through the Console Port 2-1

2.1.2 Setting up the Local or Remote Configuration Environment by Using Telnet 2-7

2.2 Command Line Interface (CLI) 2-9

2.2.1 CLI Views. 2-9

2.2.2 CLI Online Help. 2-11

2.2.3 CLI Error Information. 2-12

2.2.4 Displaying History Configuration. 2-12

2.2.5 CLI Editing Functions. 2-13

2.2.6 CLI Display Functions. 2-13

2.2.7 Shortcut Keys. 2-14

2.3 Login Security Management 2-14

2.3.1 Configuring a User 2-14

2.3.2 Terminal Security Features. 2-16

2.3.3 Configuring Login Authentication and Authorization. 2-16

2.4 Basic System Configuration. 2-18

2.4.1 Basic System Configuration and Management 2-18

2.4.2 Displaying the Statistics of VG.. 2-19

2.5 Ethernet Configuration. 2-20

2.5.1 Configuring Ethernet Interface. 2-20

2.5.2 Displaying and Debugging Ethernet Interface. 2-24

2.5.3 DHCP Client Configuration Example. 2-25

2.6 Default Route Configuration. 2-25

 

Chapter 1  Overview

1.1  Introduction to Voice Gateway

H3C VG Voice Gateway (hereinafter referred to as VG), developed by H3C Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as H3C) for industrial and SOHO (small office/home office) users, is a new-generation access device which supports integration of voice and fax.

VG implements the access of voice or fax signals and converts them into digital signals. It then encapsulates these digital signals into IP packets and transfers them to IP network via the Ethernet interfaces.

The cost-effective VG supports multiple IP telephony attributes, for example, voice over IP (VoIP), fax over IP (FoIP), call control, resource management, maintenance and management. It supports diversified codec types and can obtain IP address as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Client. .

VG uses ITU-T Recommendation H.323, high-performance DSP chips and coding/decoding algorithm of high compression ratio. It also supports echo cancellation, silence suppression, comfortable noise, jitter buffer. These measures, combined with security and QoS attributes, can guarantee transmission quality of voice and fax services over IP network.

The VG supports both normal and fast connection modes. With tunneling technology, it achieves out-of-band transmission of DTMF (dual-tone multi-frequency) code. The VG also provides busy tone detection, dedicated line dial, as well as some peculiar services, including do-not-disturb, call forwarding on busy, alarm call service, group line access, etc.

Currently VG provides Ethernet interfaces, FXS interfaces, FXO interfaces and E1VI trunk interfaces, which can connect with common phone sets or Private Branch Exchanges (PBX) or Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN).

A typical networking of VG is illustrated in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Typical networking of VG

1.2  VG Feature List

Table 1-1 VG feature list

Functional module	Attributes
Voice attributes	IP voice	Supports silence suppression, echo cancellation, comfortable noise, jitter buffer and volume turning. Supports special PBX functions (do-not-disturb, call forwarding on busy, unconditional call forwarding, alarm call service, group line access). Supports fast connection and tunneling function. Supports caller identification display (CID). Supports voice communication via Loopback interfaces. Supports manual detection and auto detection on busy tone. Supports such policies as PSTN backup and GK backup. Supports static, dynamic and hybrid VoIP routing policies. Supports fast and normal transceiving of voice and data packets.
	Fax	In compliance with ITU-T Recommendations T.30 and T.38. Multiple fax parameters can be customized. Supports fax communication over IP network.
	Call control protocol	H.323
	Voice CODEC mode	G.711 A, G.711U, G.723r53, G.723r63, G.729A, and G.729r8
	Voice RADIUS	Supports voice RADIUS authentication, authorization and accounting. Supports prior authentication of local voice users. Supports user authentication based on account/password, caller number and voice caller number process. Supports one-stage dialing and two-stage dialing. Supports interworking with RADIUS servers of various types.
	GK Client	Serves as GK client for exchanging RAS messages with GK server
Link layer protocol	LAN	Supports Ethernet_II and Ethernet_SNAP frame structure. In compliance with IEEE 802.2 and IEEE 802.3
Network layer protocol	IP service	Dynamic ARP and static ARP. IP address management.
	IP performance	Supports IP fast forwarding.
	IP routing	Supports static route.
	Filtering with firewall	Supports standard and extended ACL.
	Data security	Supports terminal access control protection (hierarchical user protection and login authentication).
Maintenance and management	Configuration management	Supports local and remote configuration via Console port or using Telnet. Supports maintenance and management in Web interface and CLI mode. Displays prompt and help information in both Chinese and English.
	System management	Supports uploading, downloading and configuring program files using XModem, FTP and TFTP.
	Network management	Supports SNMP v1, v2 and v3.
	Maintenance and test	Provides detailed debug information, for convenience of locating network faults. Provides network diagnostic tool tracert and ping. Supports log function.

 

Chapter 2  Fundamental Configuration

2.1  Setting up Configuration Environment

2.1.1  Setting up Local Configuration Environment through the Console Port

I. Configuring in Windows 9x

Connect the serial port of the workstation to the Console port of the VG to set up local configuration environment.

Step 1: Connect the serial port of the workstation to the Console port of the VG with RS-232 cable. See Figure 2-1.

Figure 2-1 Setting up local configuration environment through Console port

Step 2: Start terminal emulation program on the workstation, for example, HyperTerminal on Windows 9x, to set up new connection. Configure the following parameters for the RS232 serial port: Baudrate as 9600, data bit as 8, stop bit as 1, parity as none, flow control as none and terminal emulation type as VT100. See Figure 2-2, Figure 2-3, Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5 (HyperTerminal on Windows 9x).

Figure 2-2 Setting up new connection

Figure 2-3 Selecting serial port for the connection

Figure 2-4 Setting parameters for the serial port

Figure 2-5 Selecting terminal emulation type

Step 3: Power on the VG and it begins the self-test and load system programs. After the startup is completed, the VG prompts you to press <Enter> to enter the system view. For the initial use, no user name and password are configured. If you have configured the user account and configured to authenticate the user logging onto the console port, you need to input the username and password to enter the system view.

Step 4: You can configure the VG or view its running status through entering corresponding commands. Also you can enter “?” for online help.

II. Configuring in Windows XP

Connect the serial port of the workstation to the Console port of the VG to set up the local configuration environment.

Step 1: Connect the serial port of the workstation to the Console port of the VG with an RS-232 cable. See Figure 2-1.

Step 2: Start terminal emulation program on the workstation, for example, HyperTerminal on Windows 9x, to set up a new connection. Configure the following parameters for the RS232 serial port: Baudrate as 9600, data bit as 8, stop bit as 1, parity as none, flow control as none and terminal emulation type as VT100. See Figure 2-6 through Figure 2-11 (HyperTerminal on Windows XP).

Figure 2-6 Set up new connection

Figure 2-7 Location Information window

Figure 2-8 Select a PC port for connection

Figure 2-9 Set parameters for the port

Figure 2-10 Choose attributes

Figure 2-11 Select the type of terminal emulation program

Step 3: Power on the VG and it begins the self-test and load the system programs.

After the startup is completed, the VG prompts you to press <Enter> to enter the system view. For the initial use, no user name and password are configured. If you have configured the user account and configured to authenticate the user logging onto the console port, you need to input the username and password to enter the system view.

Step 4: You can configure the VG or view its running status through entering corresponding commands. Also you can enter “?” for online help.

2.1.2  Setting up the Local or Remote Configuration Environment by Using Telnet

You can set up connection over LAN and WAN (wide area network) with the VG using Telnet client program and log onto it for further configuration.

Step 1: Connect the Ethernet port of the workstation through LAN or WAN to the VG. See Figure 2-12 and Figure 2-13.

Figure 2-12 Set up local configuration environment using Telnet

Figure 2-13 Set up remote configuration environment using Telnet

 

 

Step 2: Start Telnet client program on the workstation and set terminal emulation type as VT100. See Figure 2-14 and Figure 2-15 (Telnet on Windows 9x).

Figure 2-14 Start Telnet program

Figure 2-15 Set up Telnet connection with the VG

 

 

After you set up the Telnet connection successfully, the system will prompt you to enter the username and password. If the authentication succeeds, the command line prompt ([VG], for example) appears. The message “Too many users or telnet permit!” means that you cannot log onto the VG due to too many registered users. Telnet generally supports five users at most.

Step 3: Enter corresponding commands to configure the VG or view its running status. You can also enter “?” for online help.

 

 

2.2  Command Line Interface (CLI)

The VG provides a set of commands for configuration and management of network devices. The CLI is characterized by the following features:

l           Local configuration through Console port

l           Remote configuration using Telnet

l           Providing online help any time the user keys in “?”

l           Providing commands tracert, ping to test if the network is normal

l           Supporting TFTP and FTP for convenient uploading and downloading of program files and configuration file

l           Fuzzy matching of keywords (not in conflict) in search for commands. For example, you can input dis to search for the command display.

2.2.1  CLI Views

A view is a CLI interface of the VG. You can execute most commands in specific views. For example, you can configure voice-related functions and parameters only in voice view. For easy operations, some basic configuration commands are available in any view.

The CLI views are in different levels. From the system view, you can enter any other views and then into sub-functional views. The view architecture is detailed in Figure 2-16.

Figure 2-16 View architecture of the VG

The functions and corresponding commands for different CLI views are listed in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1 Attribute list of CLI views

View	Function	Prompt	Enter command	Exit command
System view	Configures system parameters	[VG]	Enter upon successful login	Use the logout command to disconnect Telnet connection with the VG
Ethernet interface view	Configures parameters for Ethernet interface	[VG-Ethernet0]	Enter “interface ethernet 0” in any view	Use the quit command to return to the system view
Loopback interface view	Configures parameters for Loopback interface	[VG-LoopBack1]	Enter “interface loopback 1” in any view	Use the quit command to return to the system view
ACL view	Configures ACL rules	[VG-acl-2000]	Enter “acl 2000” in system view	Use the quit command to return to the system view
Voice view	Configures voice parameters	[VG-voice]	Enter “voice-setup” in system view	Use the quit command to return to the system view
Voice dialup program view	Configures voice dialing policy.	[VG-voice-dial]	Enter “dial-program” in the voice view	Use the quit command to return to the system view
Voice line view	Configures voice line parameters	[VG-voice-line0]	Enter “subscriber-line0” in system view or voice view	Use the quit command to return to the voice view
Voice entity view	Configures parameters for voice entity	[VG-voice-dial-entity1]	Enter “entity 1 port” or “entity 1 voip” in voice dialing policy view	Use the quit command to return to voice dialing policy view
Voice AAA view	Configures voice AAA service	[VG-voice-aaa]	Enter “aaa-client” in voice view	Use the quit command to return to the voice view
Access number view	Configures parameters for access number	[VG-voice-dial-anum12345]	Enter “gw-access-number 12345” in the voice dialing policy view	Use the quit command to return to voice dialing policy view
Voice gatekeeper view	Configures parameters for voice gatekeeper	[VG-voice-gk]	Enter “gk-client” in voice view	Use the quit command to return to the voice view

 

 

2.2.2  CLI Online Help

The VG provides the following two types of CLI online help:

l           Full help

l           Partial help

With the help, you can get the following information:

Full help ---- You can get all commands available in a certain view and simple description by entering “?”.

[VG] ?

    aaa-enable          Enable Authentication, Authorization, Accounting

    acl                 Specify access-list configuration

    arp                 Add an ARP entry

……

Partial help ---- You can get all keywords available (if there are any) and simple description by entering a command and a "?" which is separated by a space from the command.

[VG] display ?

    aaa                     AAA information

    acl                     Display access-list information

    arp                     ARP table

    base-information        Some essential system information

    client                  Current client information

    clock                   Current router clock information

……

Partial help ---- You can get all commands starting with the string by entering a string and “?” which follows the string.

[VG] d?

debugging    delete    display    download

Partial help ---- You can get all keywords starting with the string by entering a command and a string immediately followed by “?”.

[VG] display a?

   aaa    acl    arp

2.2.3  CLI Error Information

Only those commands in correct syntax can be executed. Otherwise the system prompts error information. Table 2-2 lists common CLI error information.

Table 2-2 Common CLI error information

Error information	Explanation
Incorrect command	No matching command is found.
	No matching keyword is found.
	Parameter type is wrong.
Incomplete command	The command is incomplete.
Invalid parameters	Parameter value is beyond the range.
Too many parameters	You have input too many parameters.

 

2.2.4  Displaying History Configuration

A maximum of 20 history commands you have entered can be saved in the CLI for later use or repeated execution.

I. Displaying history commands

Perform the following configuration in any view.

Table 2-3 Display history commands

Operation	Command
Display history command	display history-command

 

II. Viewing history commands

Press the following composite keys in any CLI view to call the history commands.

Table 2-4 View history commands

Operation	Composite key	remarks
View the previous history command	Up arrow key or <Ctrl+P>	If there is history command used earlier, then it recalls the previous one.
View the next history command	Down arrow key or <Ctrl+N>	If there is history command used later, then it recalls the next one.

 

2.2.5  CLI Editing Functions

The VG also supports command editing, with up to 255 characters for each command.

To edit commands, press the following keys in any CLI view.

Table 2-5 CLI editing

Key	Function
Common keys	If the edit buffer is not filled up, the corresponding character will be added at the current position of the cursor and the cursor moves to the right. Otherwise, it gives alert.
BackSpace	Delete the character before the cursor. It gives alert when the curser reaches the beginning of a command line.
Delete	Delete the character after the cursor. It gives alert when the cursor reaches the end of a command line.
¬ or <Ctrl+B>	The cursor moves to the left the length of character. It gives alert when the curser reaches the beginning of a command line.
® or <Ctrl+F>	The cursor moves to the right the length of a character. It gives alert when the cursor reaches the end of a command line.

 

2.2.6  CLI Display Functions

When the information to be displayed exceeds the screen size, three options may be involved.

Table 2-6 Function keys for terminal display

Operation	Key(s)
Stop display	Press <Ctrl+C> during pause
Continue display in next screen	Press spacebar during pause
Continue display in next line	Press <Enter> during pause

 

2.2.7  Shortcut Keys

Table 2-7 Shortcut keys for VG

Operation	Key(s)
Display the current configurations	Ctrl+A
Close all debugging	Ctrl+D
Switch to system view	Ctrl+Z
Display the route table	Ctrl+R
Enter for confirmation	Ctrl+J or Ctrl+M
Backspace	Ctrl+H

 

2.3  Login Security Management

2.3.1  Configuring a User

I. Introduction to User ID

Three kinds of users are involved in VG management: administrator, operator and guest. They are authorized with different rights.

An administrator can execute all commands available in the VG. Only an administrator can configure all of the functions and parameters for the VG and enter the aforementioned CLI views.

l           An operator is authorized with the right to view system status and perform debugging. An operator can execute the following commands only:

  debugging    Enable system debugging functions

  display      Display system running information

  language     Switch language mode

  logout       logout

  ping         Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

  telnet       Telnet to a remote host

  tracert      Trace the route taken by packets to reach a network host

  undo         Remove a command or restore its defaults

l           A guest can only perform remote test on the VG and execute these commands:

  language     Switch language mode

  logout       logout

  ping         Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

  telnet       Telnet to a remote host

  tracert      Trace the route taken by packets to reach a network host

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-8 Configure users

Operation	Command
Add a user	local-user user-name [ service-type type ] [ password { simple | cipher } password ]
Delete a user	undo local-user user-name

 

By default, no user is configured on the VG.

If no administrator is configured on the VG after the AAA function is enabled through the aaa-enable command, then any user who logs on from the Console port will directly log onto the system, as an administrator without user authentication (the system do not prompt you to enter username and password). But other login modes (except HTTP) require user authentication by default.

 

 

 

II. Configuring username

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-9 Configure username

Operation	Command
Add a user	local-user user-name [ service-type type ] [ password { simple | cipher } password ]
Delete a user	undo local-user user-name

 

By default, no user is configured.

2.3.2  Terminal Security Features

I. CLI security features

l           Nothing is displayed when the user is entering the password.

l           The terminal user will be disconnected after entering wrong password for three times.

l           After the idle-timeout command is executed, if the terminal user enters nothing within five minutes, he/she will be disconnected.

II. Login modes

The terminal users can log onto the system from the Console port, using Telnet and through Web. Correspondingly they are called Console users, Telnet users and Web users respectively.

2.3.3  Configuring Login Authentication and Authorization

The operation tasks include:

l           Configuring login authentication and authorization scheme list

l           Starting login authentication and authorization scheme list

I. Configuring login authentication and authorization scheme list

You can configure user login authentication and authorization as local database authentication and authorization, RADIUS server authentication and authorization, or none.

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-10 Configure AAA login authentication and authorization

Operation	Command
Configure login authentication and authorization scheme list	aaa authentication-scheme login { default | scheme-name } { method [ method ] }
Delete authentication and authorization scheme list of a specified user	undo aaa authentication-scheme login { default | scheme-name }

 

By default, the login authentication and authorization scheme list is aaa authentication-scheme login default local.

You can also define a scheme list name scheme-name.

method refers to the authentication and authorization scheme list and must be set as one or two among the following methods:

local: Perform authentication and authorization locally.

radius: Perform authentication and authorization using RADIUS server.

none: Perform no authentication and authorization, thus any user can access the VG without authentication and authorization.

If the scheme list name scheme-name is not defined, execution order for authentication and authorization in the default scheme list will be adopted.

II. Starting login authentication and authorization scheme list

You start login authentication and authorization when you select login authentication and authorization scheme list.

The VG supports four login modes: console (Console port), telnet (Telnet), http (HTTP) and ftp (FTP). They can use different login authentication and authorization scheme lists.

 

 

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-11 Specify login authentication and authorization scheme list

Operation	Command
Specify a login authentication and authorization scheme list	login-method authentication-mode login-type { default | scheme-name }
Use default scheme list for login authentication and authorization	undo login-method authentication-mode login-type

 

For console (Console port), telnet (Telnet) and ftp (FTP) login users, authentication and authorization is required and default scheme is selected by default. However, http (HTTP) login users can log in without authentication and authorization.

2.4  Basic System Configuration

2.4.1  Basic System Configuration and Management

The basic system configuration and management tasks include

l           Configuring system name

l           Setting system clock

l           Rebooting the system

I. Configuring system name

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-12 Configure system name

Operation	Command
Configure system name	sysname sysname

 

By default, the system name is “VG”.

II. Setting system clock

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-13 Set system clock

Operation	Command
Set system clock	clock { systime HH:MM:SS YYYY MM DD | timezone name { add | minus } HH:MM:SS }
Restore default system clock	undo clock timezone

 

By default, the initial system time is 01:00:00 Jan 1 1998.

 

 

III. Rebooting the system

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-14 Reboot the system

Operation	Command
Reboot the system	reboot [ reason reason-string ]
Set system rebooting after a preset period	reboot mode interval { hh:mm | mmm } [ reason-string ]
Set system rebooting at a preset time	reboot mode time hh:mm [ dd/mm/yyyy ] [ reason-string ]
Cancel system rebooting	reboot cancel

 

 

2.4.2  Displaying the Statistics of VG

Perform the following configuration in any view.

Table 2-15 Display statistics of the VG

Operation	Command
Display current date and clock	display clock
Display the time from system startup to executing the command	display duration
Display system name	display sysname
Display system CPU	display system cpu
Display system memory	display system memory { all | blksize size } [ detail ]
Display basic information about VG	display base-information [ page ]
Display system version	display version
Display software version	version

 

See H3C VG Series Voice Gateways Command Manual for details about the commands listed above and the corresponding terminal display information.

2.5  Ethernet Configuration

2.5.1  Configuring Ethernet Interface

Ethernet interface configuration tasks include:

l           Entering a specified Ethernet interface view

l           Setting network protocol address

l           Setting an Ethernet interface to obtain its IP address through DHCP

l           Setting frame format for sending messages

l           Setting MTU

l           Setting speed for an FE interface

l           Setting Ethernet interface mode

l           Setting Ethernet interface mode

l           Enabling or disabling loopback on an Ethernet interface

l           Configuring work mode of the VG

To configure the Ethernet interface, you should first enter a specified Ethernet interface view. Then just configure IP address and use the default values for other parameters. If necessary, you can also modify the parameters.

I. Entering a specified Ethernet interface view

Perform the following configuration in any view.

Table 2-16 Enter a specified Ethernet interface view

Operation	Command
Enter a specified Ethernet interface view	interface ethernet number

 

II. Setting network protocol address

The Ethernet interface of the VG only supports Internet Protocol (IP).

Please perform the following configurations in Ethernet interface view.

Table 2-17 Set IP address for an Ethernet interface

Operation	Command
Set IP address for an Ethernet interface	ip address ip-address mask [ sub ]
Delete IP address of an Ethernet interface	undo ip address [ ip-address mask ] [ sub ]

 

When configuring two or more IP addresses for an Ethernet interface, the second and the followed ones (secondary IP address) must be added with the keyword sub. The secondary IP address becomes primary one automatically if no primary address is available.

When the factory default settings are adopted, or after you use the reset saved-configuration command to reset all settings and reboot the VG, the system automatically assigns the default IP addresses for the Ethernet interfaces to ensure the management through Web-based interfaces.

For VG with two Ethernet interfaces:

Default IP address of the WAN interface: 192.168.192.1, the subnet mask is: 255.255.255.0

Default IP address of the LAN interface: 192.168.193.1, the subnet mask is: 255.255.255.0

For VG with one Ethernet interfaces:

Default IP address of the ETH interface: 192.168.192.1, the subnet mask is: 255.255.255.0

 

 

III. Setting an Ethernet interface to obtain its IP address through DHCP

Perform the following configuration in Ethernet interface view.

Table 2-18 Set an Ethernet interface to obtain its IP address through DHCP

Operation	Command
Set an Ethernet interface to obtain its IP address through DHCP	ip address dhcp-alloc
Cancel an Ethernet interface to obtain its IP address through DHCP	undo ip address dhcp-alloc

 

By default, the Ethernet interface is not set to obtain its IP address through DHCP.

 

 

IV. Configuring the descriptive string for an interface

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-19 Configure the descriptive string for an interface

Operation	Command
Configure the descriptive string for an interface	description string
Delete the descriptive string of an interface	undo description

 

V. Setting frame format for sending messages

The Ethernet interface supports both Ethernet_II and Ethernet_SNAP frames for receiving messages, but only one of them for sending messages.

Perform the following configuration in Ethernet interface view.

Table 2-20 Set frame format for sending messages

Operation	Command
Set frame format for sending messages	send-frame-type { ethernet_ii | ethernet_snap }
Reset frame format to the default value	undo send-frame-type

 

By default, messages are sent in Ethernet_II frames.

VI. Setting MTU

The parameter MTU (maximum transmission unit) affects segmentation and reassembly of IP packets.

Perform the following configurations in Ethernet interface view.

Table 2-21 Set MTU

Operation	Command
Set MTU	mtu size
Reset MTU to the default value	undo mtu

 

By default, the MTU size for Ethernet_II frame is 1500 bytes and that for Ethernet_SNAP frame is 1492 bytes.

VII. Setting speed for an FE interface

The FE interface can run at the rate of 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps.

Perform the following configuration in Ethernet interface view.

Table 2-22 Set speed for an FE interface

Operation	Command
Set speed for an FE interface	speed { 100 | 10 | negotiation }

 

By default, the speed is set as negotiation. You can also set a value for the speed, but note that the value should be equal to the actual speed.

VIII. Setting Ethernet interface mode

The Ethernet interface can runs in both full duplex and half duplex modes. When connected with Hub, it runs in half duplex mode. When connected with LAN Switch, it runs in full duplex mode.

Perform the following configuration in Ethernet interface view.

Table 2-23 Set Ethernet interface mode

Operation	Command
Set Ethernet interface mode	duplex { negotiation | full | half }

 

The Ethernet interface runs in negotiation mode by default.

IX. Enabling or disabling loopback on an Ethernet interface

Loopback is required at the Ethernet interface in testing some special functions.

Perform the following configurations in Ethernet interface view.

Table 2-24 Enable or disabling loopback on an Ethernet interface

Operation	Command
Enable loopback on the interface	loopback
Disable loopback on the interface	undo loopback

 

By default, loopback is disabled.

X. Configuring work mode of the VG

The VG can work in one of two modes as required. In the HUB mode, the VG receives data through one Ethernet interface and send it through another directly. In the router mode, the VG forwards data based on the route table.

Perform the following configurations in system view.

Table 2-25 Configure work mode of the VG

Operation	Command
Configure the VG to work in HUB mode	hub-enable
Restore the default work mode of the VG	undo hub-enable

 

By default, the VG works in the route mode.

2.5.2  Displaying and Debugging Ethernet Interface

Perform the following configuration in any view.

Table 2-26 Display status of a specific Ethernet interface

Operation	Command
Display status of a specific Ethernet interface	display interfaces ethernet number
Enable debugging on the dhcp client side	debugging dhcp client { event | packet | error | all }
Enable debugging on the Ethernet interface	debugging ethernet
Enable debugging on packets received at the physical layer	debugging physical { all | receive | transmit } [ interface ethernet interface-number ]

 

2.5.3  DHCP Client Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

DHCP client obtains its IP address from the DHCP server in the same network segment. The address pool (with the segment 10.1.1.0/24) of the DHCP server consists of two segments: 10.1.1.0/25 and 10.1.1.128/25. The IP addresses of two Ethernet interfaces of the DHCP server are 10.1.1.1/25 and 10.1.1.129/25 respectively.

II. Network diagram

Figure 2-17 Network diagram for DHCP client

III. Configuration procedure

# Set the Ethernet interface of the VG to obtain its IP address dynamically through DHCP.

[VG] interface ethernet 0

[VG-Ethernet0] ip address dhcp-alloc

2.6  Default Route Configuration

Default route is a kind of static route. It will be used when no matching route is found in the IP routing table. In the IP routing table, its destination address and mask both are 0.0.0.0. You can use the command display ip routing-table to check if the default route has been configured. If the destination of a packet is absent in the IP routing table and no default route is configured, then the packet will be discarded and an ICMP message will be returned to the source end to indicate that the destination or the network is unreachable.

In general, it’s enough to configure one default route for the VG. For more details about routes, refer to Configuring Data Network of this manual.

Perform the following configuration in system view.

Table 2-27 Configure default route

Operation	Command
Configure default route	ip route-static 0.0.0.0 { 0.0.0.0 | 0 } nexthop-address [ preference value ] [ reject ] [ blackhole ]
Delete default route	undo ip route-static 0.0.0.0 { 0.0.0.0 | 0 } [ interface-type interface-number | nexthop-address ] [ preference value ]

 

 

By default, no default route is configured.