CLI方式：配置IPsec反向路由注入典型配置

使用版本

本举例是在M9000-AI-E8的R9071版本上进行配置和验证的。

组网需求

如下图所示，企业分支通过IPsec VPN接入企业总部，有如下具体需求：

总部网关Device A和各分支网关Device B、DeviceC、Device D之间建立IPsec隧道，对总部网络4.4.4.0/24与分支网络5.5.5.0/24之间的数据进行安全保护。

使用IKE协商方式建立IPsec SA，采用ESP安全协议，DES加密算法，HMAC-SHA-1-96认证算法。

IKE协商采用预共享密钥认证方式、3DES加密算法、HMAC-SHA1认证算法。

在Device A上开启IPsec反向路由注入功能，实现总部到分支的静态路由随IPsec SA的建立而动态生成。

图-1 配置IPsec反向路由注入功能配置组网图

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配置步骤

配置DeviceA

配置接口IP地址

# 根据组网图中规划的信息，配置各接口的IP地址，具体配置步骤如下。

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

请参考以上步骤配置其他接口的IP地址，具体配置步骤略。

配置静态路由

本举例仅以静态路由方式配置路由信息。实际组网中，请根据具体情况选择相应的路由配置方式。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息，配置静态路由，本举例假设下一跳IP地址为1.1.1.2，实际使用中请以具体组网情况为准，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA] ip route-static 2.2.2.2 24 1.1.1.2

配置接口加入安全域。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息，将接口加入对应的安全域，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA] security-zone name untrust

[DeviceA-security-zone-Untrust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceA-security-zone-Untrust] quit

[DeviceA] security-zone name trust

[DeviceA-security-zone-Trust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[DeviceA-security-zone-Trust] quit

配置安全策略

配置安全策略放行Untrust与Local安全域之间的流量，用于设备之间可以建立IPsec隧道。

# 配置名称为ipseclocalout的安全策规则，使Device A可以向Device B发送IPsec隧道协商报文，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA] security-policy ip

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name ipseclocalout

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] source-zone local

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] destination-zone untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] source-ip-host 1.1.1.1

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] destination-ip-host 2.2.2.2

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] quit

# 配置名称为ipseclocalin的安全策略规则，使Device A可以接收和处理来自Device B的IPsec隧道协商报文，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name ipseclocalin

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] source-zone untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] destination-zone local

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] source-ip-host 2.2.2.2

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] destination-ip-host 1.1.1.1

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] quit

配置安全策略放行Host A与Host B之间的流量

# 配置名称为trust-untrust的安全策略规则，使Host A访问Host B的报文可通，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name trust-untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] source-zone trust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] destination-zone untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] source-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 24

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] destination-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 24

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] quit

# 配置名称为untrust-trust的安全策略规则，使Host B访问Host A的报文可通，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name untrust-trust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] source-zone untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] destination-zone trust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] source-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 24

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] destination-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 24

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] quit

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] quit

配置IPsec安全提议，协商封装报文使用的各种安全协议

# 创建IPsec安全提议，两端配置的安全提议参数需要完全相同，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA] ipsec transform-set tran1

[DeviceA-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] encapsulation-mode tunnel

[DeviceA-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] protocol esp

[DeviceA-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm des

[DeviceA-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha1

[DeviceA-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] quit

配置IKE keychain，约定通信双方使用的密钥信息

# 创建并配置名为key1的IKE keychain，指定与地址为2.2.2.2的对端使用的预共享密钥为明文123。

[DeviceA] ike keychain key1

[DeviceA-ike-keychain-key1] pre-shared-key address 2.2.2.2 key simple 123

[DeviceA-ike-keychain-key1] quit

配置IKE profile，约定建立IKE SA所需的安全参数

[DeviceA] ike profile profile1

[DeviceA-ike-profile-profile1] keychain key1

[DeviceA-ike-profile-profile1] match remote identity address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

[DeviceA-ike-profile-profile1] quit

配置IPsec安全策略模板，用于创建IPsec安全策略

# 创建并配置名为temp1的IPsec安全策略模板，引用安全提议tran1

[DeviceA] ipsec policy-template temp1 1

[DeviceA-ipsec-policy-template-temp1-1] transform-set tran1

[DeviceA-ipsec-policy-template-temp1-1] ike-profile profile1

配置RRI参数，用于实现反向路由注入功能

# 开启RRI功能，指定生成的静态路由的优先级为100、Tag值为1000。

[DeviceA-ipsec-policy-template-temp1-1] reverse-route dynamic

[DeviceA-ipsec-policy-template-temp1-1] reverse-route preference 100

[DeviceA-ipsec-policy-template-temp1-1] reverse-route tag 1000

[DeviceA-ipsec-policy-template-temp1-1] quit

引用安全策略模板temp1创建一条IKE协商方式的安全策略policy1，建立IPsec隧道，保护需要防护的数据流

[DeviceA] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp template temp1

配置IKE提议，定义双方进行IKE协商所需的安全参数

# 创建并配置IKE提议1，指定使用预共享密钥认证方式、3DES加密算法、HMAC-SHA1认证算法。

[DeviceA] ike proposal 1

[DeviceA-ike-proposal-1] encryption-algorithm 3des-cbc

[DeviceA-ike-proposal-1] authentication-algorithm sha

[DeviceA-ike-proposal-1] authentication-method pre-share

[DeviceA-ike-proposal-1] quit

在接口下引用IPsec安全策略，对接口上的流量进行保护

[DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec apply policy map1

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

配置Device B

配置接口IP地址

# 根据组网图中规划的信息，配置各接口的IP地址，具体配置步骤如下。

<DeviceB> system-view

[DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

请参考以上步骤配置其他接口的IP地址，具体配置步骤略。

配置静态路由

本举例仅以静态路由方式配置路由信息。实际组网中，请根据具体情况选择相应的路由配置方式。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息，配置静态路由，本举例假设下一跳IP地址为2.2.2.3，实际使用中请以具体组网情况为准，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB] ip route-static 4.4.4.0 24 2.2.2.3

[DeviceB] ip route-static 1.1.1.1 24 2.2.2.3

配置接口加入安全域。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息，将接口加入对应的安全域，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB] security-zone name untrust

[DeviceB-security-zone-Untrust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceB-security-zone-Untrust] quit

[DeviceB] security-zone name trust

[DeviceB-security-zone-Trust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[DeviceB-security-zone-Trust] quit

配置安全策略

配置安全策略放行Untrust与Local安全域之间的流量，用于设备之间可以建立IPsec隧道。

# 配置名称为ipseclocalout的安全策规则，使Device B可以向Device A发送IPsec隧道协商报文，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB] security-policy ip

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip] rule name ipseclocalout

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] source-zone local

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] destination-zone untrust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] source-ip-host 1.1.1.1

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] destination-ip-host 2.2.2.2

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] action pass

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-1-ipseclocalout] quit

# 配置名称为ipseclocalin的安全策略规则，使Device B可以接收和处理来自Device A的IPsec隧道协商报文，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip] rule name ipseclocalin

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] source-zone untrust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] destination-zone local

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] source-ip-host 2.2.2.2

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] destination-ip-host 1.1.1.1

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] action pass

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-2-ipseclocalin] quit

配置安全策略放行Host B与Host A之间的流量

# 配置名称为trust-untrust的安全策略规则，使Host B访问Host A的报文可通，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip] rule name trust-untrust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] source-zone trust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] destination-zone untrust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] source-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 24

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] destination-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 24

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] action pass

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-3-trust-untrust] quit

# 配置名称为untrust-trust的安全策略规则，使Host A访问Host B的报文可通，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip] rule name untrust-trust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] source-zone untrust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] destination-zone trust

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] source-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 24

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] destination-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 24

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] action pass

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip-4-untrust-trust] quit

[DeviceB-security-policy-ip] quit

配置ACL，定义需要保护的数据流，同时反向路由注入功能会根据此ACL生成路由

# 配置IPv4高级ACL 3000，定义要保护由子网5.5.5.0/24去往子网4.4.4.0/24的数据流。

[DeviceB] acl advanced 3000

[DeviceB-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule permit ip source 5.5.5.0 0.0.0.255 destination 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255

[DeviceB-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] quit

配置IPsec安全提议，协商封装报文使用的各种安全协议

# 创建IPsec安全提议，两端配置的安全提议参数需要完全相同，具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB] ipsec transform-set tran1

[DeviceB-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] encapsulation-mode tunnel

[DeviceB-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] protocol esp

[DeviceB-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm des

[DeviceB-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha1

[DeviceB-ipsec-transform-set-tran1] quit

配置IKE keychain，约定通信双方使用的密钥信息

# 创建并配置名为key1的IKE keychain，指定与地址为1.1.1.1的对端使用的预共享密钥为明文123。

[DeviceB] ike keychain key1

[DeviceB-ike-keychain-key1] pre-shared-key address 1.1.1.1 key simple 123

[DeviceB-ike-keychain-key1] quit

配置IKE profile，约定建立IKE SA所需的安全参数

[DeviceB] ike profile profile1

[DeviceB-ike-profile-profile1] keychain key1

[DeviceB-ike-profile-profile1] match remote identity address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

[DeviceB-ike-profile-profile1] quit

配置ISAKMP方式的安全策略，建立IPsec隧道，保护需要防护的数据流

# 创建并配置名为map1的IPsec安全策略，引用安全提议tran1，引用ACL 3000，并指定IPsec隧道的对端地址为1.1.1.1。

[DeviceB] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp

[DeviceB-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] transform-set tran1

[DeviceB-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000

[DeviceB-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] remote-address 1.1.1.1

[DeviceB-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-profile profile1

[DeviceB-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit

配置IKE提议，定义双方进行IKE协商所需的安全参数

# 创建并配置IKE提议1，指定预共享密钥认证方式、3DES加密算法、HMAC-SHA1认证算法。

[DeviceB] ike proposal 1

[DeviceB-ike-proposal-1] encryption-algorithm 3des-cbc

[DeviceB-ike-proposal-1] authentication-algorithm sha

[DeviceB-ike-proposal-1] authentication-method pre-share

[DeviceB-ike-proposal-1] quit

在接口上应用IPsec安全策略，对接口上的流量进行保护

[DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec apply policy map1

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

保证DeviceB上存在到达对端私网网段的路由，出接口为GigabitEthernet1/0/1。

配置Device C、Device D

配置步骤与Device B类似，请参考Device B的配置。

验证配置

# 以上配置完成后，当分支子网5.5.5.0/24向总部网络4.4.4.0/24发起数据连接时，将触发Device B和Device A之间进行IKE协商。IKE成功协商出IPsec SA后，企业总部与分支子网之间的数据流传输将受到IPsec SA的保护。在Device A上可通过以下显示查看到协商生成的IPsec SA。

[DeviceA] display ipsec sa

-------------------------------

Interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

-------------------------------

-----------------------------

IPsec policy: map1

Sequence number: 10

Alias: map1-10

Mode: Template

-----------------------------

Tunnel id: 0

Encapsulation mode: tunnel

Perfect Forward Secrecy:

Inside VPN:

Extended Sequence Numbers enable: N

Traffic Flow Confidentiality enable: N

Transmitting entity: Initiator

Path MTU: 1463

Tunnel:

local address/port: 1.1.1.1/500

remote address/port: 2.2.2.2/500

Flow:

sour addr: 4.4.4.0/255.255.255.0 port: 0 protocol: ip

dest addr: 5.5.5.0/255.255.255.0 port: 0 protocol: ip

[Inbound ESP SAs]

SPI: 1014286405 (0x3c74c845)

Connection ID: 1

Transform set: ESP-ENCRYPT-DES-CBC ESP-AUTH-SHA1

SA duration (kilobytes/sec): 1843200/3600

SA remaining duration (kilobytes/sec): 1843199/3590

Max received sequence-number: 4

Anti-replay check enable: Y

Anti-replay window size: 64

UDP encapsulation used for NAT traversal: N

Status: Active

[Outbound ESP SAs]

SPI: 4011716027 (0xef1dedbb)

Connection ID: 2

Transform set: ESP-ENCRYPT-DES-CBC ESP-AUTH-SHA1

SA duration (kilobytes/sec): 1843200/3600

SA remaining duration (kilobytes/sec): 1843199/3590

Max sent sequence-number: 4

UDP encapsulation used for NAT traversal: N

Status: Active

# IPsec SA成功建立后，在Device A上可以通过display ip routing-table verbose命令查看到IPsec反向路由注入生成的静态路由，目的地址为分支子网地址5.5.5.0/24，下一跳为IPsec隧道对端地址2.2.2.2，优先级为100，Tag值为1000。Device A和Device C、Device D之间的IPsec隧道建立成功后，Device A上也会产生到达各分支子网的相应静态路由，此处显示略。

配置文件

DeviceA

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

ipsec apply policy map1

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

ip address 4.4.4.1 255.255.255.0

security-zone name Trust

import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

security-zone name Untrust

import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 1.1.1.2

ipsec transform-set tran1

encapsulation-mode tunnel

protocol esp

esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc

esp authentication-algorithm sha1

ipsec policy-template temp1 1

transform-set tran1

ike-profile profile1

reverse-route dynamic

reverse-route preference 100

reverse-route tag 1000

ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp template temp1

ike profile profile1

keychain key1

match remote identity address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

ike proposal 1

encryption-algorithm 3des-cbc

ike keychain key1

pre-shared-key address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 key simple 123

security-policy ip

rule 0 name ipseclocalout

action pass

source-zone local

destination-zone untrust

source-ip-host 1.1.1.1

destination-ip-host 2.2.2.2

rule 1 name ipseclocalin

action pass

source-zone untrust

destination-zone local

source-ip-host 2.2.2.2

destination-ip-host 1.1.1.1

rule 2 name trust-untrust

action pass

source-zone trust

destination-zone untrust

source-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 255.255.255.0

destination-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 255.255.255.0

rule 3 name untrust-trust

action pass

source-zone untrust

destination-zone trust

source-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 255.255.255.0

destination-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 255.255.255.0

Device B

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

ipsec apply policy map1

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

ip address 5.5.5.1 255.255.255.0

security-zone name Trust

import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

security-zone name Untrust

import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 2.2.2.3

ip route-static 4.4.4.0 24 2.2.2.3

acl advanced 3000

rule 0 permit ip source 5.5.5.0 0.0.0.255 destination 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255

ipsec transform-set tran1

encapsulation-mode tunnel

protocol esp

esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc

esp authentication-algorithm sha1

ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp

transform-set tran1

security acl 3000

remote-address 1.1.1.1

ike-profile profile1

ike profile profile1

keychain key1

match remote identity address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

ike proposal 1

encryption-algorithm 3des-cbc

ike keychain key1

pre-shared-key address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 key simple 123

security-policy ip

rule 0 name ipseclocalout

action pass

source-zone local

destination-zone untrust

source-ip-host 1.1.1.1

destination-ip-host 2.2.2.2

rule 1 name ipseclocalin

action pass

source-zone untrust

destination-zone local

source-ip-host 2.2.2.2

destination-ip-host 1.1.1.1

rule 2 name trust-untrust

action pass

source-zone trust

destination-zone untrust

source-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 255.255.255.0

destination-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 255.255.255.0

rule 3 name untrust-trust

action pass

source-zone untrust

destination-zone trust

source-ip-subnet 4.4.4.0 255.255.255.0

destination-ip-subnet 5.5.5.0 255.255.255.0