CLI方式:HA联动VRRP双主模式中接口NAT功能典型配置

使用版本

本举例是在F1090R8660P33版本上进行配置和验证的。

组网需求

如下图所示,某公司以Device作为网络边界安全防护设备,连接公司内部网络和Internet。为提高业务稳定性,使用两台Device进行HA组网,同时需要两台Device同时处理业务,提高业务处理能力。但是当Device A或其链路发生故障时,Device B可以接替Device A继续工作,保证业务不会中断。同时需要在Device上配置动态NAT功能保证内网用户可以访问Internet,该公司拥有2.1.1.12.1.1.10十个外网IPv4地址。

图-1 HA联动VRRP双主模式中接口NAT功能组网图

 

注意事项

硬件环境一致

部署HA前,请先保证主/备设备硬件环境的一致性,具体要求如下:

软件环境一致

部署HA前,请先保证主/备设备软件环境的一致性,具体要求如下:

配置步骤

配置Router

  1. 配置接口IPv4地址

# 根据组网图中规划的信息,配置各接口的IPv4地址,具体配置步骤如下。

<Router> system-view

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/7

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/7] ip address 2.1.1.15 255.255.255.0

[Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/7] quit

请参考以上步骤配置其他接口的IP地址,具体配置步骤略。

  1. 配置静态路由,保证网络路由可达

本举例仅以静态路由方式配置路由信息。实际组网中,请根据具体情况选择相应的路由配置方式。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息,配置静态路由。本举例假设去往一部分内网流量(如Host 1)的下一跳IPv4地址为VRRP备份组1的虚拟IPv4地址2.1.1.3,去往另一部分内网流量(如Host 3)的下一跳IPv4地址为VRRP备份组2的虚拟IPv4地址2.1.1.4,去往Internet流量的下一跳IPv4地址为3.1.1.15,实际环境中请以具体组网情况为准,具体配置步骤如下。

[Router] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.128 2.1.1.3

[Router] ip route-static 10.1.1.128 255.255.255.128 2.1.1.4

[Router] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 3.1.1.15

配置Switch A

  1. Switch A上创建VLAN 10,并将连接Device ADevice BRouter的接口链路类型设置Access,并将接口加入VLAN 10

# 根据组网图中规划的信息,配置各接口加入VLAN,并设置链路类型,具体配置步骤如下。

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] vlan 10

[SwitchA-vlan10] quit

[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port access vlan 10

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port access vlan 10

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port access vlan 10

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

配置Switch B

  1. # Switch B上创建VLAN 10,并将连接Device ADevice BHost的接口设置成工作在二层模式,接口链路类型为Access,并将此接口加入VLAN 10

# 根据组网图中规划的信息,配置各接口加入VLAN,并设置链路类型,具体配置步骤如下。

<SwitchB> system-view

[SwitchB] vlan 10

[SwitchB-vlan10] quit

[SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port access vlan 10

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

[SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port access vlan 10

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

[SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port access vlan 10

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

配置Device A

  1. 配置接口IPv4地址

# 根据组网图中规划的信息,配置各接口的IPv4地址,具体配置步骤如下。

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 2.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

请参考以上步骤配置其他接口的IP地址,具体配置步骤略。

  1. 配置接口加入安全域。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息,将接口加入对应的安全域,具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA] security-zone name untrust

[DeviceA-security-zone-Untrust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceA-security-zone-Untrust] quit

[DeviceA] security-zone name trust

[DeviceA-security-zone-Trust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[DeviceA-security-zone-Trust] quit

  1. 配置静态路由,保证路由可达

本举例仅以静态路由方式配置路由信息。实际组网中,请根据具体情况选择相应的路由配置方式。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息,配置静态路由使设备与内外网之间路由可达。本举例假设到达外网的下一跳IPv4地址为2.1.1.15,实际环境中请以具体组网情况为准,具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2.1.1.15

  1. 配置安全策略,允许所需的业务报文通过

此部分安全策略只需在主管理设备配置,HA组网完成后,从管理设备会自动同步这些安全策略配置信息。

# 配置名称为trust-untrust的安全策略规则,使10.1.1.0/24网段的内网用户可以主动访问Internet,但是Internet上的用户不能访问内网,具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceA] security-policy ip

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name trust-untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-0-trust-untrust] source-zone trust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-0-trust-untrust] destination-zone untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-0-trust-untrust] source-ip-subnet 10.1.1.0 24

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-0-trust-untrust] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-0-trust-untrust] quit

# 配置名称为vrrp的安全策略规则,允许VRRP协议报文通过。当HA通道断开时,使Device ADevice B之间可以交换VRRP报文,进行VRRP角色竞选,保证网络互通。

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name vrrp1

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-vrrp1] source-zone trust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-vrrp1] destination-zone local

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-vrrp1] service vrrp

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-vrrp1] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-1-vrrp1] quit

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name vrrp2

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-vrrp2] source-zone local

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-vrrp2] destination-zone trust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-vrrp2] service vrrp

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-vrrp2] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-2-vrrp2] quit

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name vrrp3

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-vrrp3] source-zone untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-vrrp3] destination-zone local

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-vrrp3] service vrrp

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-vrrp3] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-3-vrrp3] quit

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] rule name vrrp4

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-vrrp4] source-zone local

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-vrrp4] destination-zone untrust

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-vrrp4] service vrrp

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-vrrp4] action pass

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip-4-vrrp4] quit

[DeviceA-security-policy-ip] quit

  1. 配置高可靠性

本举例仅用以太网接口作为控制通道和数据通道接口使用。对于设备同时拥有HA接口和以太网接口的情况,建议使用HA接口作为控制通道和数据通道接口使用,这样能够更好地保护设备的安全性和稳定性。HA接口不能作为业务接口使用。

# 使用两台Device进行HA组网,需要两台Device同时处理业务,提高业务处理能力。但是当Device A或其链路发生故障时,Device B可以接替Device A继续工作,保证业务不会中断。

[DeviceA] remote-backup group

[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] remote-ip 10.2.1.2

[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] local-ip 10.2.1.1

[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] data-channel interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3

[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] device-role primary

RBM_P[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] backup-mode dual-active

RBM_P[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] hot-backup enable

RBM_P[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] configuration auto-sync enable

RBM_P[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] configuration sync-check interval 12

RBM_P[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] delay-time 1

RBM_P[DeviceA-remote-backup-group] quit

# 配置VRRP备份组,并与HA关联。实现HAVRRP备份组的统一管理和流量引导。

RBM_P[DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3 active

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 2.1.1.4 standby

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

RBM_P[DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 10.1.1.3 active

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] vrrp vrid 4 virtual-ip 10.1.1.4 standby

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

  1. 配置动态NAT

在此配置举例中,仅需要在主管理设备Device A上配置NAT的相关配置,Device A上的NAT配置会自动同步到从管理设备Device B

# 配置NAT地址组1,其地址成员范围为2.1.1.52.1.1.7,并与VRRP备份组1绑定。

RBM_P<DeviceA> system-view

RBM_P[DeviceA] nat address-group 1

RBM_P[DeviceA-address-group-1] address 2.1.1.5 2.1.1.7

RBM_P[DeviceA-address-group-1] vrrp vrid 1

RBM_P[DeviceA-address-group-1] quit

# 配置NAT地址组2,其地址成员范围为2.1.1.82.1.1.10,并与VRRP备份组2绑定。

RBM_P[DeviceA] nat address-group 2

RBM_P[DeviceA-address-group-2] address 2.1.1.8 2.1.1.10

RBM_P[DeviceA-address-group-2] vrrp vrid 2

RBM_P[DeviceA-address-group-2] quit

# 配置ACL 3000,仅允许10.1.1.1/25网段的报文通过;配置ACL 3001,仅允许10.1.1.129/25网段的报文通过。

RBM_P[DeviceA] acl advanced 3000

RBM_P[DeviceA-ipv4-adv-3000] rule permit ip source 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.127

RBM_P[DeviceA-ipv4-adv-3000] quit

RBM_P[DeviceA] acl advanced 3001

RBM_P[DeviceA-ipv4-adv-3001] rule permit ip source 10.1.1.129 0.0.0.127

RBM_P[DeviceA-ipv4-adv-3001] quit

# 在接口上配置出方向动态地址转换,允许使用地址组1中的IPv4地址对匹配ACL 3000的报文进行源地址转换,并在转换过程中使用端口信息;允许使用地址组2中的IPv4地址对匹配ACL 3001的报文进行源地址转换,并在转换过程中使用端口信息。

RBM_P[DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] nat outbound 3000 address-group 1

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] nat outbound 3001 address-group 2

RBM_P[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

  1. 配置安全业务

# 以上有关HA的配置部署完成后,可以配置各种安全业务。对于HA支持配置信息备份的功能模块仅需要在此主管理设备上(Device A)进行配置即可。

配置Device B

  1. 配置接口IPv4地址

# 根据组网图中规划的信息,配置各接口的IPv4地址,具体配置步骤如下。

<DeviceB> system-view

[DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 2.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

请参考以上步骤配置其他接口的IP地址,具体配置步骤略。

  1. 配置接口加入安全域。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息,将接口加入对应的安全域,具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB] security-zone name untrust

[DeviceB-security-zone-Untrust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[DeviceB-security-zone-Untrust] quit

[DeviceB] security-zone name trust

[DeviceB-security-zone-Trust] import interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[DeviceB-security-zone-Trust] quit

  1. 配置静态路由,保证路由可达

本举例仅以静态路由方式配置路由信息。实际组网中,请根据具体情况选择相应的路由配置方式。

# 请根据组网图中规划的信息,配置静态路由使设备与内外网之间路由可达。本举例假设到达外网的下一跳IPv4地址为2.1.1.15,实际环境中请以具体组网情况为准,具体配置步骤如下。

[DeviceB] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2.1.1.15

  1. 配置高可靠性

本举例仅用以太网接口作为控制通道和数据通道接口使用。对于设备同时拥有HA接口和以太网接口的情况,建议使用HA接口作为控制通道和数据通道接口使用,这样能够更好地保护设备的安全性和稳定性。HA接口不能作为业务接口使用。

# 使用两台Device进行HA组网,需要两台Device同时处理业务,提高业务处理能力。但是当Device A或其链路发生故障时,Device B可以接替Device A继续工作,保证业务不会中断。

[DeviceB] remote-backup group

[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] remote-ip 10.2.1.1

[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] local-ip 10.2.1.2

[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] data-channel interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3

[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] device-role secondary

RBM_S[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] backup-mode dual-active

RBM_S[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] hot-backup enable

RBM_S[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] configuration auto-sync enable

RBM_S[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] configuration sync-check interval 12

RBM_S[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] delay-time 1

RBM_S[DeviceB-remote-backup-group] quit

# 配置VRRP备份组,并与HA关联。实现HAVRRP备份组的统一管理和流量引导。

RBM_S[DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

RBM_S[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3 standby

RBM_S[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 2.1.1.4 active

RBM_S[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

RBM_S[DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

RBM_S[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 10.1.1.3 standby

RBM_S[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] vrrp vrid 4 virtual-ip 10.1.1.4 active

RBM_S[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

配置Host

# 配置一部分Host(如Host 1)的默认网关为VRRP备份组3的虚拟IPv4地址10.1.1.3,配置另一部分Host(如Host 3)的默认网关为VRRP备份组4的虚拟IPv4地址10.1.1.4

验证配置

DeviceA

# 以上配置完成后,内网主机Host 1能够通过Device A访问Internet。在Device A设备上查看如下显示信息,可以看到内网主机访问外网时生成的NAT会话信息。

RBM_P[DeviceA] display nat session verbose

Slot 1:

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 10.1.1.100/52082

  Destination IP/port: 202.38.1.10/80

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2

  Source security zone: Trust

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 202.38.1.10/80

  Destination IP/port: 2.1.1.5/1036

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1

  Source security zone: Untrust

State: TCP_ESTABLISHED

Application: HTTP

Rule ID: 2

Rule name: 3

Start time: 2019-1-29 16:16:59  TTL: 9995s

Initiator->Responder:          551 packets      32547 bytes

Responder->Initiator:          956 packets    1385514 bytes

Total sessions found: 1

DeviceB

# 以上配置完成后,内网主机Host 3能够通过Device B访问Internet。在Device B设备上查看如下显示信息,可以看到内网主机访问外网时生成的NAT会话信息。

RBM_S[DeviceB] display nat session verbose

Slot 1:

Initiator:

  Source      IP/port: 10.1.1.200/52082

  Destination IP/port: 202.38.1.10/80

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface:

  Source security zone: Trust

Responder:

  Source      IP/port: 202.38.1.10/80

  Destination IP/port: 2.1.1.8/1036

  DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

  VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

  Protocol: TCP(6)

  Inbound interface:

  Source security zone: Untrust

State: TCP_ESTABLISHED

Application: HTTP

Rule ID: 2

Rule name: 3

Start time: 2019-1-29 16:17:59  TTL: 9995s

Initiator->Responder:          551 packets      32547 bytes

Responder->Initiator:          956 packets    1385514 bytes

Total sessions found: 1

配置文件

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7

 port link-mode route

 ip address 2.1.1.15 255.255.255.0

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8

 port link-mode route

 ip address 3.1.1.14 255.255.255.0

#

 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 3.1.1.15

 ip route-static 10.1.1.0 25 2.1.1.3

 ip route-static 10.1.1.128 25 2.1.1.4

#

vlan 10

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

 port access vlan 10

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

 port access vlan 10

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

 port access vlan 10

#

vlan 10

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

 port access vlan 10

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

 port access vlan 10

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

 port access vlan 10

#

nat address-group 1

 address 2.1.1.5 2.1.1.7

 vrrp vrid 1

#

nat address-group 2

 address 2.1.1.8 2.1.1.10

 vrrp vrid 2

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

 port link-mode route

 ip address 2.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3 active

 vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 2.1.1.4 standby

 nat outbound 3001 address-group 2

 nat outbound 3000 address-group 1

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

 port link-mode route

 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

 vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 10.1.1.3 active

 vrrp vrid 4 virtual-ip 10.1.1.4 standby

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

 port link-mode route

 ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0

#

security-zone name Trust

 import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

#

security-zone name Untrust

 import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

#

 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 2.1.1.15

#

acl advanced 3000

 rule 0 permit ip source 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.127

#

acl advanced 3001

 rule 0 permit ip source 10.1.1.128 0.0.0.127

#

security-policy ip

 rule 0 name trust-untrust

  action pass

  source-zone trust

  destination-zone untrust

  source-ip-subnet 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0

 rule 1 name vrrp1

  action pass

  source-zone trust

  destination-zone local

  service vrrp

 rule 2 name vrrp2

  action pass

  source-zone local

  destination-zone trust

  service vrrp

 rule 3 name vrrp3

  action pass

  source-zone untrust

  destination-zone local

  service vrrp

 rule 4 name vrrp4

  action pass

  source-zone local

  destination-zone untrust

  service vrrp

#

remote-backup group

 backup-mode dual-active

 data-channel interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

 configuration sync-check interval 12

 delay-time 1

 local-ip 10.2.1.1

 remote-ip 10.2.1.2

 device-role primary

#

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

 port link-mode route

 ip address 2.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 2.1.1.3 standby

 vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 2.1.1.4 active

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

 port link-mode route

 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

 vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 10.1.1.3 standby

 vrrp vrid 4 virtual-ip 10.1.1.4 active

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

 port link-mode route

 ip address 10.2.1.2 255.255.255.0

#

security-zone name Trust

 import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

#

security-zone name Untrust

 import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

#

 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 2.1.1.15

#

remote-backup group

 data-channel interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

 configuration sync-check interval 12

 local-ip 10.2.1.2

 remote-ip 10.2.1.1

 device-role secondary