Traditionally, switch software is loaded through
a serial port. This approach is slow, time-consuming and cannot be used for
remote loading. To resolve these problems, the TFTP and FTP modules are
introduced into the switch. With these modules, you can load/download
software/files conveniently to the switch through an Ethernet port.
This chapter introduces how to load the Boot
ROM and host software to a switch locally and remotely.
You can load software locally by using:
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XModem through Console port
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TFTP through Ethernet port
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FTP through Ethernet port
You can load software remotely by using:
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FTP
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TFTP
The Boot ROM
software version should be compatible with the host software version when you
load the Boot ROM and host software.
If your terminal is directly connected to
the Console port of the switch, you can load the Boot ROM and host software
locally.
Before loading the software, make sure that
your terminal is correctly connected to the switch.
The loading process of the Boot ROM software is the same as that of
the host software, except that during the former process, you should press “6”
or <Ctrl+U> and <Enter> after entering the BOOT menu and the system
gives different prompts. The following text mainly describes the Boot ROM
loading process.
Starting......
***********************************************************
* *
* H3C
S3100-26TP-EI-W BOOTROM, Version 506 *
* *
***********************************************************
Copyright(c) 2004-2007
Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd.
Creation date : Apr 17
2007, 10:12:36
CPU Clock Speed : 200MHz
BUS Clock Speed : 33MHz
Memory Size : 64MB
Mac Address : 000fe2123456
Press Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu...
Press <Ctrl+B>. The system displays:
Password :
To enter the BOOT menu,
you should press <Ctrl+B> within five seconds ( full startup mode ) or
one second (fast startup mode) after the information “Press Ctrl-B to
enter BOOT Menu...” displays. Otherwise, the system starts to extract the
program; and if you want to enter the BOOT Menu at this time, you will have to
restart the switch.
Enter the
correct Boot ROM password (no password is set by default). The system enters
the BOOT Menu:
BOOT
MENU
1.
Download application file to flash
2.
Select application file to boot
3. Display all files in flash
4. Delete file from flash
5. Modify bootrom password
6. Enter bootrom upgrade menu
7. Skip current configuration file
8. Set bootrom password recovery
9. Set switch startup mode
0. Reboot
Enter your choice(0-9):
I. Introduction to XModem
XModem protocol is a file transfer protocol
that is widely used due to its simplicity and high stability. The XModem protocol
transfers files through Console port. It supports two types of data packets (128
bytes and 1 KB), two check methods (checksum and CRC), and multiple attempts of
error packet retransmission (generally the maximum number of retransmission
attempts is ten).
The XModem transmission procedure is
completed by a receiving program and a sending program. The receiving program sends
negotiation characters to negotiate a packet checking method. After the
negotiation, the sending program starts to transmit data packets. When
receiving a complete packet, the receiving program checks the packet using the
agreed method. If the check succeeds, the receiving program sends
acknowledgement characters and the sending program proceeds to send another
packet. If the check fails, the receiving program sends negative
acknowledgement characters and the sending program retransmits the packet.
II. Loading Boot ROM
Follow these steps to load the Boot ROM:
Step 1: At the prompt "Enter your
choice(0-9):" in the BOOT Menu, press <6> or <Ctrl+U>, and
then press <Enter> to enter the Boot ROM update menu shown below:
Bootrom update menu:
1. Set TFTP protocol parameter
2. Set FTP protocol parameter
3. Set
XMODEM protocol parameter
0.
Return to boot menu
Enter
your choice(0-3):
Step 2: Press
3 in the above menu to download the Boot ROM using XModem. The system displays
the following setting menu for download baudrate:
Please select your download baudrate:
1.* 9600
2. 19200
3. 38400
4. 57600
5. 115200
0. Return
Enter your choice (0-5):
Step 3: Choose an appropriate baudrate for downloading.
For example, if you press 5, the baudrate 115200 bps is chosen and the system
displays the following information:
Download baudrate is 115200 bps
Please change the terminal's baudrate
to 115200 bps and select XMODEM protocol
Press enter key when ready
If you have chosen
9600 bps as the download baudrate, you need not modify the
HyperTerminal’s baudrate, and therefore you can skip Step 4 and 5 below and
proceed to Step 6 directly. In this case, the system will not display the above
information.
Following are configurations on PC. Take
the HyperTerminal in Windows 2000 as an example.
Step 4: Choose [File/Properties] in
HyperTerminal, click <Configure> in the pop-up dialog box, and then select
the baudrate of 115200 bps in the Console port configuration dialog box that
appears, as shown in Figure
1-1, Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-1 Properties dialog box
Figure 1-2 Console port configuration
dialog box
Step 5: Click the <Disconnect> button
to disconnect the HyperTerminal from the switch and then click the <Connect>
button to reconnect the HyperTerminal to the switch, as shown in Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-3 Connect and disconnect
buttons
The new baudrate
takes effect after you disconnect and reconnect the HyperTerminal program.
Step 6: Press <Enter> to start downloading
the program. The system displays the following information:
Now please start transfer file with
XMODEM protocol.
If you want to exit, Press
<Ctrl+X>.
Loading ...CCCCCCCCCC
Step 7: Choose [Transfer/Send File] in
HyperTerminal, and click <Browse> in pop-up dialog box, as shown in Figure 1-4. Select
the software file that you need to load to the switch, and set the protocol to XModem.
Figure 1-4 Send file dialog box
Step 8: Click <Send>. The system
displays the page, as shown in Figure 1-5.
Figure 1-5 Sending file page
Step 9: After the sending process completes,
the system displays the following information:
Loading ...CCCCCCCCCC done!
Step 10: Reset HyperTerminal’s baudrate
to 9600 bps (refer to Step 4 and 5). Then, press any key as prompted. The
system will display the following information when it completes the loading.
Bootrom
updating.....................................done!
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If the HyperTerminal’s baudrate is not
reset to 9600 bps, the system prompts "Your baudrate should be set to 9600
bps again! Press enter key when ready".
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You need not reset the HyperTerminal’s baudrate
and can skip the last step if you have chosen 9600 bps. In this case, the
system upgrades the Boot ROM automatically and prompts “Bootrom updating
now.....................................done!”.
III. Loading host software
Follow these steps to load the host
software:
Step 1: Select <1> in BOOT Menu and
press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:
1. Set TFTP protocol parameter
2. Set FTP protocol parameter
3. Set
XMODEM protocol parameter
0.
Return to boot menu
Enter
your choice(0-3):
Step 2:
Enter 3 in the above menu to load the host software by using XModem.
The subsequent steps are the same as those
for loading the Boot ROM, except that the system gives the prompt for host
software loading instead of Boot ROM loading.
You can also use the xmodem get
command to load host software through the Console port (of AUX type). The load
procedures are as follows (assume that the PC is connected to the Console port
of the switch, and logs onto the switch through the Console port):
Step 1: Execute the xmodem get command
in user view. In this case, the switch is ready to receive files.
Step 2: Enable the HyperTerminal on the PC,
and configure XModem as the transfer protocol, and configure communication
parameters on the Hyper Terminal the same as that on the Console port.
Step 3: Choose the
file to be loaded to the switch, and then start to transmit the file.
I. Introduction to TFTP
TFTP, a protocol in TCP/IP protocol suite,
is used for trivial file transfer between client and server. It is over UDP to
provide unreliable data stream transfer service.
II. Loading the Boot ROM
Figure 1-6
Local loading using TFTP
Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-6,
connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the TFTP server, and connect the
switch through the Console port to the configuration PC.
You can use one PC as both the configuration device and the TFTP
server.
Step 2: Run the TFTP server program on the TFTP
server, and specify the path of the program to be downloaded.
Caution:
TFTP server program
is not provided with the H3C Series Ethernet Switches.
Step 3: Run the HyperTerminal program on
the configuration PC. Start the switch. Then enter the BOOT Menu.
At the prompt "Enter your
choice(0-9):" in the BOOT Menu, press <6> or <Ctrl+U>, and
then press <Enter> to enter the Boot ROM update menu shown below:
Bootrom update menu:
1. Set TFTP protocol parameter
2. Set FTP protocol parameter
3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter
0. Return to boot menu
Enter your choice(0-3):
Step 4: Enter 1 in the above menu to
download the Boot ROM using TFTP. Then set the following TFTP-related parameters
as required:
Load File name :switch.btm
Switch IP address :1.1.1.2
Server IP address :1.1.1.1
Step 5: Press <Enter>. The system
displays the following information:
Are you sure to update your
bootrom?Yes or No(Y/N)
Step 6: Enter Y to start file downloading
or N to return to the Boot ROM update menu. If you enter Y, the system begins
to download and update the Boot ROM. Upon completion, the system displays the
following information:
Loading........................................done
Bootrom updating..........done!
III. Loading host software
Follow these steps to load the host
software.
Step 1: Select <1> in BOOT Menu and
press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:
1. Set TFTP protocol parameter
2. Set FTP protocol parameter
3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter
0. Return to boot menu
Enter your choice(0-3):3
Step 2: Enter 1 in the above menu to
download the host software using TFTP.
The subsequent steps are the same as those
for loading the Boot ROM, except that the system gives the prompt for host
software loading instead of Boot ROM loading.
Caution:
When loading Boot
ROM and host software using TFTP through BOOT menu, you are recommended to use
the PC directly connected to the device as TFTP server to promote upgrading
reliability.
I. Introduction to FTP
FTP is an application-layer protocol in the
TCP/IP protocol suite. It is used for file transfer between server and client,
and is widely used in IP networks.
You can use the switch as an FTP client or
server, and download software to the switch through an Ethernet port. The
following is an example.
II. Loading Procedure Using FTP
Client
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Loading Boot ROM
Figure 1-7
Local loading using FTP
client
Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-7,
connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the FTP server, and connect the
switch through the Console port to the configuration PC.
You can use one computer as both configuration device and FTP
server.
Step 2: Run the FTP server program on the FTP
server, configure an FTP user name and password, and copy the program file to
the specified FTP directory.
Step 3: Run the HyperTerminal program on
the configuration PC. Start the switch. Then enter the BOOT Menu.
At the prompt "Enter your
choice(0-9):" in the BOOT Menu, press <6> or <Ctrl+U>, and
then press <Enter> to enter the Boot ROM update menu shown below:
Bootrom update menu:
1. Set TFTP protocol parameter
2. Set FTP protocol parameter
3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter
0. Return to boot menu
Enter your choice(0-3):
Step 4: Enter 2 in the above menu to
download the Boot ROM using FTP. Then set the following FTP-related parameters
as required:
Load File name :switch.btm
Switch IP address :10.1.1.2
Server IP address :10.1.1.1
FTP User Name :Switch
FTP User Password :abc
Step 5: Press <Enter>. The system
displays the following information:
Are you sure to update your
bootrom?Yes or No(Y/N)
Step 6: Enter Y to start file downloading
or N to return to the Boot ROM update menu. If you enter Y, the system begins
to download and update the program. Upon completion, the system displays the
following information:
Loading........................................done
Bootrom updating..........done!
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Loading host software
Follow these steps to load the host
software:
Step 1: Select <1> in BOOT Menu and
press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:
1. Set TFTP protocol parameter
2. Set FTP protocol parameter
3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter
0. Return to boot menu
Enter your choice(0-3):
Enter 2 in the above menu to download the
host software using FTP.
The subsequent steps are the same as those
for loading the Boot ROM, except for that the system gives the prompt for host
software loading instead of Boot ROM loading.
Caution:
When loading the Boot
ROM and host software using FTP through BOOT menu, you are recommended to use
the PC directly connected to the device as FTP server to promote upgrading
reliability.
If your terminal is not directly connected
to the switch, you can telnet to the switch, and use FTP or TFTP to load the Boot
ROM and host software remotely.
I. Loading Procedure Using FTP
Client
1)
Loading the Boot ROM
As shown in Figure 1-8, a PC is used as both the configuration
device and the FTP server. You can telnet to the switch, and then execute the
FTP commands to download the Boot ROM program switch.btm from the remote FTP
server (whose IP address is 10.1.1.1) to the switch.
Figure 1-8
Remote loading using FTP Client
Step 1: Download the program to the switch
using FTP commands.
<Sysname> ftp 10.1.1.1
Trying ...
Press CTRL+K to abort
Connected.
220 WFTPD 2.0 service (by Texas
Imperial Software) ready for new user
User(none):abc
331 Give me your password, please
Password:
230 Logged in successfully
[ftp] get switch.btm
[ftp] bye
When using
different FTP server software on PC, different information will be output to
the switch.
Step 2: Update the Boot ROM program on the
switch.
<Sysname> boot bootrom switch.btm
This will update BootRom file on
unit 1. Continue? [Y/N] y
Upgrading BOOTROM, please wait...
Upgrade BOOTROM succeeded!
Step 3: Restart the switch.
<Sysname> reboot
Before restarting
the switch, make sure you have saved all other configurations that you want, so
as to avoid losing configuration information.
2)
Loading host software
Loading the host software is the same as
loading the Boot ROM program, except that the file to be downloaded is the host
software file, and that you need to use the boot boot-loader command to
select the host software used for next startup of the switch.
After the above operations, the Boot ROM
and host software loading is completed.
Pay attention to the following:
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The loading of Boot ROM and host software takes
effect only after you restart the switch with the reboot command.
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If the space of the Flash memory is not enough,
you can delete the unused files in the Flash memory before software downloading.
For information about deleting files, refer to the “File System
Management” part of this manual.
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Ensure the power supply during software loading.
II. Loading Procedure Using FTP
Server
As shown in Figure 1-9, the
switch is used as the FTP server. You can telnet to the switch, and then
execute the FTP commands to upload the Boot ROM switch.btm to the switch.
1)
Loading the Boot ROM
Figure 1-9 Remote loading using FTP
server
Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-9,
connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the PC (whose IP address is 10.1.1.1)
Step 2: Configure the IP address of VLAN-interface
1 on the switch to 192.168.0.28, and subnet mask to 255.255.255.0.
You can configure
the IP address for any VLAN on the switch for FTP transmission. However, before
configuring the IP address for a VLAN interface, you have to make sure whether
the IP addresses of this VLAN and PC are routable.
<Sysname> system-view
System View: return to User View with
Ctrl+Z.
[Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 1
[Sysname-Vlan-interface1] ip address
192.168.0.28 255.255.255.0
Step 3: Enable FTP service on the switch, and
configure the FTP user name to test and password to pass.
[Sysname-Vlan-interface1] quit
[Sysname] ftp server enable
[Sysname] local-user test
New local user added.
[Sysname-luser-test] password simple
pass
[Sysname-luser-test] service-type ftp
Step 4: Enable FTP client software on the PC.
Refer to Figure 1-10 for the command line interface in Windows operating system.
Figure 1-10 Command line interface
Step 5: Use the cd command on the
interface to enter the path that the Boot ROM upgrade file is to be stored. Assume
the name of the path is D:\Bootrom, as shown in Figure 1-11.
Figure 1-11 Enter Boot ROM directory
Step 6: Enter ftp 192.168.0.28 and
enter the user name test, password pass, as shown in Figure 1-12,
to log on to the FTP server.
Figure 1-12 Log on to the FTP server
Step 7: Use the put command to
upload the file switch.btm to the switch, as shown in Figure 1-13.
Figure 1-13 Upload file switch.btm to
the switch
Step 8: Configure switch.btm to be the Boot
ROM at next startup, and then restart the switch.
<Sysname> boot bootrom switch.btm
This will update Bootrom on unit 1.
Continue? [Y/N] y
Upgrading Bootrom, please wait...
Upgrade Bootrom succeeded!
<Sysname> reboot
After the switch restarts, the file switch.btm
is used as the Boot ROM. It indicates that the Boot ROM loading is finished.
2)
Loading host software
Loading the host software is the same as
loading the Boot ROM program, except that the file to be downloaded is the host
software file, and that you need to use the boot boot-loader command to
select the host software used for the next startup of the switch.
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The steps listed above are performed in the
Windows operating system, if you use other FTP client software, refer to the
corresponding user guide before operation.
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Only the configuration steps concerning loading
are listed here. For detailed description on the corresponding configuration
commands, refer to the “FTP-SFTP-TFTP” part of this manual.
The remote loading using TFTP is similar to
that using FTP. The only difference is that TFTP is used to load software to
the switch, and the switch can only act as a TFTP client.
Caution: