1.1 Information Center Overview
Acting as the system information hub,
information center classifies and manages system information. Together with the
debugging function (the debugging command), information center offers a
powerful support for network administrators and developers in monitoring
network performance and diagnosing network problems.
The information center of the system has
the following features:
I. Classification of system
information
The system is available with three types of
information:
l
Log information
l
Trap information
l
Debugging information
II. Eight levels of system
information
The information is classified into eight
levels by severity and can be filtered by level. More emergent information has
a smaller severity level.
Table 1-1 Severity description
|
Severity
|
Severity value
|
Description
|
|
emergencies
|
1
|
The system is unavailable.
|
|
alerts
|
2
|
Information that demands prompt reaction
|
|
critical
|
3
|
Critical information
|
|
errors
|
4
|
Error information
|
|
warnings
|
5
|
Warnings
|
|
notifications
|
6
|
Normal information that needs to be
noticed
|
|
informational
|
7
|
Informational information to be recorded
|
|
debugging
|
8
|
Information generated during debugging
|
Information filtering by severity works
this way: information with the severity value greater than the configured
threshold is not output during the filtering.
l
If the threshold is set to 1, only information
with the severity being emergencies will be output;
l
If the threshold is set to 8, information of all
severities will be output.
III. Ten channels and six output
directions of system information
The system supports six information output
directions, including the Console, Monitor terminal (monitor), logbuffer,
loghost, trapbuffer and SNMP.
The system supports ten channels. The channels
0 through 5 have their default channel names and are associated with six output
directions by default. Both the channel names and the associations between the
channels and output directions can be changed through commands.
Table 1-2 Information channels and
output directions
|
Information channel number
|
Default channel name
|
Default output direction
|
|
0
|
console
|
Console (Receives log, trap and debugging
information)
|
|
1
|
monitor
|
Monitor terminal (Receives log, trap and
debugging information, facilitating remote maintenance)
|
|
2
|
loghost
|
Log host (Receives log, trap and debugging
information and information will be stored in files for future retrieval.)
|
|
3
|
trapbuffer
|
Trap buffer (Receives trap information, a
buffer inside the device for recording information.)
|
|
4
|
logbuffer
|
Log buffer (Receives log information, a
buffer inside the device for recording information.)
|
|
5
|
snmpagent
|
SNMP NMS (Receives trap information)
|
|
6
|
channel6
|
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
|
|
7
|
channel7
|
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
|
|
8
|
channel8
|
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
|
|
9
|
channel9
|
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
|
Configurations for the six output directions function independently
and take effect only after the information center is enabled.
IV. Outputting system information
by source module
The system information can be classified by
source module and then filtered. Some module names and description are shown in
Table 1-1.
Table 1-3 Source module name list
|
Module name
|
Description
|
|
8021X
|
802.1x module
|
|
ACL
|
Access control list module
|
|
ADBM
|
Address base module
|
|
AM
|
Access management module
|
|
ARP
|
Address resolution protocol module
|
|
CMD
|
Command line module
|
|
DEV
|
Device management module
|
|
DNS
|
Domain name system module
|
|
ETH
|
Ethernet module
|
|
FIB
|
Forwarding module
|
|
FTM
|
Fabric topology management module
|
|
FTPS
|
FTP server module
|
|
HA
|
High availability module
|
|
HABP
|
Huawei authentication bypass protocol
module
|
|
HTTPD
|
HTTP server module
|
|
HWCM
|
Huawei Configuration Management private MIB
module
|
|
HWP
|
HWPing module
|
|
IFNET
|
Interface management module
|
|
IGSP
|
IGMP snooping module
|
|
IP
|
Internet protocol module
|
|
LAGG
|
Link aggregation module
|
|
LINE
|
Terminal line module
|
|
MSTP
|
Multiple spanning tree protocol module
|
|
NAT
|
Network address translation module
|
|
NDP
|
Neighbor discovery protocol module
|
|
NTDP
|
Network topology discovery protocol
module
|
|
NTP
|
Network time protocol module
|
|
PKI
|
Public key infrastructure module
|
|
RDS
|
Radius module
|
|
RMON
|
Remote monitor module
|
|
RSA
|
Revest, Shamir and Adleman encryption
module
|
|
SHELL
|
User interface module
|
|
SNMP
|
Simple network management protocol module
|
|
SOCKET
|
Socket module
|
|
SSH
|
Secure shell module
|
|
SYSMIB
|
System MIB module
|
|
TAC
|
HWTACACS module
|
|
TELNET
|
Telnet module
|
|
TFTPC
|
TFTP client module
|
|
VLAN
|
Virtual local area network module
|
|
VTY
|
Virtual type terminal module
|
|
XM
|
Xmodem module
|
|
default
|
Default settings for all the modules
|
To sum up, the major task of the
information center is to output the three types of information of the modules
onto the ten channels in terms of the eight severity levels and according to
the user’s settings, and then redirect the system information from the
ten channels to the six output directions.
1.1.2 System
Information Format
System information has the following
format:
<priority>timestamp sysname
module/level/digest:content
l
The closing set of angel brackets < >, the
space, the forward slash /, and the colon are all required in the above format.
l
Before the <priority> may have %, “#,
or * followed with a space, indicating log, alarm, or debugging information
respectively.
Below is an example of the format of log
information to be output to a log host:
% <188>Dec 6 10:44:55:283 2006
H3C NTP/5/NTP_LOG:- 1 - NTP service enable
(“-1-“ indicates that the unit
number of the device is 1.)
What follows is a detailed explanation of
the fields involved:
I. Priority
The priority is calculated using the
following formula: facility*8+severity-1, in which
l
facility (the device name) defaults to local7
with the value being 23 (the value of local6 is 22, that of local5 is 21, and
so on).
l
severity (the information level) ranges from 1
to 8. Table 1-1
details the value and meaning associated with each severity.
Note that there is no space between the
priority and timestamp fields and the priority field appears only when the
information has been sent to the log host.
Timestamp records the time when system
information is generated to allow users to check and identify system events.
Note that there is a space between the
timestamp and sysname (host name) fields.
The time stamp has the following two
formats.
1)
Without the universal time coordinated (UTC)
time zone, the time stamp is in the format of “Mmm dd hh:mm:ss:ms
yyyy”.
2)
With the UTC time zone, the time stamp is in the
format of “Mmm dd hh:mm:ss:ms yyyy [GMT +|- hh:mm:ss]”.
Each field is described as follows:
l
“Mmm” represents the month, and the
available values are: Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov,
and Dec.
l
“dd” is the date, which shall follow
a space if less than 10, for example, “ 7”.
l
“hh:mm:ss:ms” is the local time,
where “hh” is in the 24-hour format, ranging from 00 to 23, both “mm”
and ”ss” range from 00 to 59, “ms” ranges from 000 to
999.
l
“yyyy” is the year.
l
“[GMT +|- hh:mm:ss]” is the UTC time
zone, which represents the time difference with the Greenwich standard time.
Because switches in a network may
distribute in different time zones, when the time displayed in the time stamps
of output information is the local time on each switch, it is not so convenient
for you to locate and solve problems globally. In this case, you can configure
the information center to add UTC time zone to the time stamp of the output
information, so that you can know the standard time when the information center
processing each piece of information. That is, you can know the Greenwich
standard time of each switch in the network based on the UTC record in the time
stamp.
To add UTC time zone to the time stamp in the
information center output information, you must:
l
Set the local time zone
l
Set the time stamp format in the output
direction of the information center to date
l
Configure to add UTC time zone to the output
information
After the above configuration, the UTC time
zone will be displayed in the output information, like the following:
%Dec 8 10:12:21:708 2006
[GMT+08:00:00] H3C SHELL/5/LOGIN:- 1 - VTY(1.1.0.2) in unit1 login
III. Sysname
Sysname is the system name of the local
switch and defaults to “H3C”.
You can use the sysname command to
modify the system name. Refer to the System Maintenance and Debugging part of
this manual for details)
Note that there is a space between the
sysname and module fields.
IV. Module
The module field represents the name of the
module that generates system information. You can enter the info-center
source ? command in system view to view the module list. Refer to Table 1-3 for module
name and description.
Between “module” and “level”
is a “/”.
V. Level (Severity)
System information can be divided into
eight levels based on its severity, from 1 to 8. Refer to Table 1-1 for
definition and description of these severity levels. Note that there is a
forward slash “/” between the level (severity) and digest fields.
VI. Digest
The digest field is a string of up to 32
characters, outlining the system information.
Note that there is a colon between the
digest and content fields.
VII. Content
This field
provides the content of the system information.
The above section describes the log information format sent to a log
host by a switch. Some log host software will resolve the received information
as well as its format, so that you may see the log format displayed on the log host
is different from the one described in this manual.
1.2 Information Center Configuration
1.2.1 Introduction to the Information Center Configuration Tasks
Table 1-4
Information center configuration tasks
Synchronous information output refers to
the feature that if the system information such as log, trap, or debugging
information is output when the user is inputting commands, the command line prompt
(in command editing mode a prompt, or a [Y/N] string in interaction mode) and the
input information are echoed after the output.
This feature is used in the case that your
input is interrupted by a large amount of system output. With this feature
enabled, the system echoes your previous input and you can continue your
operations from where you were stopped.
Table 1-5
Configure synchronous information output
|
Operation
|
Command
|
Description
|
|
Enter system view
|
system-view
|
—
|
|
Enable synchronous information output
|
info-center synchronous
|
Required
Disabled by default
|
l
If the system information is output before you
input any information following the current command line prompt, the system
does not echo any command line prompt after the system information output.
l
In the interaction mode, you are prompted for
some information input. If the input is interrupted by system output, no system
prompt (except the Y/N string) will be echoed after the output, but your input
will be displayed in a new line.
To add UTC time zone to the time stamp in
the information center output information, you must:
l
Set the local time zone
l
Set the time stamp format in the output
direction of the information center to date
l
Configure to add the UTC time zone to the output
information
Table 1-6
Configure to display time stamp with the UTC time
zone
|
Operation
|
Command
|
Description
|
|
Set the time zone for the system
|
clock timezone zone-name { add | minus } time
|
Required
By default, UTC time zone is set for the
system.
|
|
Enter system view
|
system-view
|
—
|
|
Set the time stamp format in the output
direction of the information center to date
|
Log host direction
|
info-center timestamp loghost date
|
Required
Use either command
|
|
Non log host direction
|
info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } date
|
|
Set to
display the UTC time zone in the output information of the information center
|
info-center
timestamp utc
|
Required
By
default, no UTC time zone is displayed in the output information
|
I. Setting to output system information
to the console
Table 1-7
Set to output system information to the console
|
Operation
|
Command
|
Description
|
|
Enter system view
|
system-view
|
—
|
|
Enable the information center
|
info-center enable
|
Optional
Enabled by default.
|
|
Enable system information output to the
console
|
info-center console channel { channel-number | channel-name
}
|
Optional
By default, the switch uses information
channel 0 to output log/debugging/trap information to the console.
|
|
Configure the output rules of system
information
|
info-center
source { modu-name | default } channel
{ channel-number | channel-name } [ { log |
trap | debug } { level severity | state state
} ]*
|
Optional
Refer to Table 1-8 for the default output rules
of system information.
|
|
Set the format of time stamp in the
output information
|
info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } { boot | date | none }
|
Optional
By default, the time stamp format of the
log and trap output information is date, and that of the debugging
output information is boot.
|
To view the
debugging information of some modules on the switch, you need to set the type
of the output information to debug when configuring the system
information output rules, and use the debugging command to enable
debugging for the corresponding modules.
Table 1-8 Default output rules for
different output directions
|
Output direction
|
Modules allowed
|
LOG
|
TRAP
|
DEBUG
|
|
Enabled/disabled
|
Severity
|
Enabled/disabled
|
Severity
|
Enabled/disabled
|
Severity
|
|
Console
|
default (all modules)
|
Enabled
|
warnings
|
Enabled
|
debugging
|
Enabled
|
debugging
|
|
Monitor terminal
|
default (all modules)
|
Enabled
|
warnings
|
Enabled
|
debugging
|
Enabled
|
debugging
|
|
Log host
|
default (all modules)
|
Enabled
|
informational
|
Enabled
|
debugging
|
Disabled
|
debugging
|
|
Trap buffer
|
default (all modules)
|
Disabled
|
informational
|
Enabled
|
warnings
|
Disabled
|
debugging
|
|
Log buffer
|
default (all modules)
|
