Table of Contents

Chapter 1 BootROM and Host Software Loading. 1-1

1.1 Introduction to Loading Approaches. 1-1

1.2 Local Software Loading. 1-1

1.2.1 Boot Menu. 1-2

1.2.2 Loading Software Using XMODEM Through Console Port 1-3

1.2.3 Loading Software Using TFTP Through Ethernet Port 1-8

1.2.4 Loading Software Using FTP Through Ethernet Port 1-10

1.3 Remote Software Loading. 1-12

1.3.1 Remote Loading Using FTP. 1-12

1.3.2 Remote Loading Using TFTP. 1-14

Chapter 2 Basic System Configuration & Debugging. 2-1

2.1 Basic System Configuration. 2-1

2.1.1 Entering System View from User View. 2-1

2.1.2 Setting the System Name of the Switch. 2-1

2.1.3 Setting the Date and Time of the System.. 2-1

2.1.4 Setting the Local Time Zone. 2-2

2.1.5 Setting the Summer Time. 2-2

2.1.6 Setting the CLI Language Mode. 2-2

2.1.7 Returning from Current View to Lower Level View. 2-3

2.1.8 Returning from Current View to User View. 2-3

2.2 Displaying the System Status. 2-3

2.3 System Debugging. 2-4

2.3.1 Enabling/Disabling System Debugging. 2-4

2.3.2 Displaying Operating Information about Modules in System.. 2-6

Chapter 3 IP Performance Configuration. 3-1

3.1 IP Performance Configuration. 3-1

3.1.1 Introduction to TCP Attributes. 3-1

3.1.2 Configuring TCP Attributes. 3-1

3.2 Displaying and Debugging IP Performance. 3-2

3.3 Troubleshooting the IP Performance Configuration. 3-2

Chapter 4 Network Connectivity Test 4-1

4.1 Network Connectivity Test 4-1

4.1.1 ping. 4-1

4.1.2 tracert 4-1

Chapter 5 Device Management 5-1

5.1 Introduction to Device Management 5-1

5.2 Device Management Configuration. 5-1

5.2.1 Restarting the Ethernet Switch. 5-1

5.2.2 Enabling the Timing Reboot Function. 5-1

5.2.3 Specifying the APP Adopted When the Switch Starts Next Time. 5-2

5.2.4 Updating the BootROM.. 5-2

5.3 Displaying the Device Management Configuration. 5-3

5.4 Remote Switch Update Configuration Example. 5-3

 

Chapter 1  BootROM and Host Software Loading

Traditionally, the loading of switch software is accomplished through a serial port. This approach is slow, inconvenient, and cannot be used for remote loading. To resolve these problems, the TFTP and FTP modules are introduced into the switch. With these modules, you can load/download software/files conveniently to the switch through an Ethernet port.

This chapter introduces how to load BootROM and host software to a switch locally and how to do this remotely.

1.1  Introduction to Loading Approaches

You can load software locally by using:

l           XMODEM through Console port

l           TFTP through Ethernet port

l           FTP through Ethernet port

You can load software remotely by using:

l           FTP

l           TFTP

 

 

1.2  Local Software Loading

If your terminal is directly connected to the switch, you can load the BootROM and host software locally.

Before loading the software, make sure that your terminal is correctly connected to the switch to insure successful loading.

 

 

1.2.1  Boot Menu

Starting......

 

 

 

            ***********************************************************

            *                                                         *

            *          H3C S3100-26T-SI BOOTROM, Version 400          *

            *                                                         *

            ***********************************************************

 

            Copyright(c) 2004-2007 Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd.

            Creation date   : Apr 15 2007, 10:48:31

            CPU type        : BCM4704

            CPU Clock Speed : 200MHz

            BUS Clock Speed : 33MHz

            Memory Size     : 64MB

            Mac Address     : 000fe221616e

 

 

Press Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu...

Press <Ctrl+B>. The system displays:

Password :

 

 

Input the correct BootROM password (no password is need by default). The system enters the Boot Menu:

         BOOT  MENU

 

1. Download application file to flash

2. Select application file to boot

3. Display all files in flash 

4. Delete file from flash 

5. Modify bootrom password

6. Enter bootrom upgrade menu

7. Skip current configuration file 

8. Set bootrom password recovery

9. Set switch startup mode

0. Reboot     

 

Enter your choice(0-9):

1.2.2  Loading Software Using XMODEM Through Console Port

I. Introduction to XMODEM

XMODEM is a file transfer protocol that is widely used due to its simplicity and good performance. XMODEM transfers files via Console port. It supports two types of data packets (128 bytes and 1 KB), two check methods (checksum and CRC), and multiple attempts of error packet retransmission (generally the maximum number of retransmission attempts is ten).

The XMODEM transmission procedure is completed by a receiving program and a sending program: The receiving program sends negotiation characters to negotiate a packet checking method. After the negotiation, the sending program starts to transmit data packets. When receiving a complete packet, the receiving program checks the packet using the agreed method. If the check succeeds, the receiving program sends an acknowledgement character and the sending program proceeds to send another packet; otherwise, the receiving program sends a negative acknowledgement character and the sending program retransmits the packet.

II. Loading BootROM software

Follow these steps to load the BootROM software:

Step 1: At the prompt "Enter your choice(0-9):" in the Boot Menu, press <6> or <Ctrl+U>, and then press <Enter> to enter the BootROM update menu shown below:

Bootrom update menu:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu 

Enter your choice(0-3):

Step 2: Enter 3 in the above menu to load the BootROM software using XMODEM. The system displays the following download baud rate setting menu:

Please select your download baudrate:

1.* 9600

2. 19200

3. 38400

4. 57600

5. 115200

0. Return

Enter your choice (0-5):

Step 3: Choose an appropriate download baud rate. For example, if you enter 5, the baud rate 115200 bps is chosen and the system displays the following information:

Download baudrate is 115200 bps

Please change the terminal's baudrate to 115200 bps and select XMODEM protocol

Press enter key when ready

 

 

Following are configurations on PC. Take the Hyperterminal using Windows operating system as example.

Step 4: Choose [File/Properties] in HyperTerminal, click <Configure> in the pop-up dialog box, and then select the baud rate of 115200 bps in the Console port configuration dialog box that appears,as shown in Figure 1-1,Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-1 Properties dialog box

Figure 1-2 Console port configuration dialog box

Step 5: Click the <Disconnect> button to disconnect the HyperTerminal from the switch and then click the <Connect> button to reconnect the HyperTerminal to the switch, as shown in Figure 1-3.

Figure 1-3 Connect and disconnect buttons

 

 

Step 6: Press <Enter> to start downloading the program. The system displays the following information:

Now please start transfer file with XMODEM protocol.

If you want to exit, Press <Ctrl+X>.

Loading ...CCCCCCCCCC

Step 7: Choose [Transfer/Send File] in the HyperTerminal’s window, and click <Browse> in pop-up dialog box, as shown in Figure 1-4. Select the software you need to download, and set the protocol to XMODEM.

Figure 1-4 Send file dialog box

Step 8: Click <Send>. The system displays the following page, as shown in Figure 1-5.

Figure 1-5 Sending file page

After the download completes, the system displays the following information:

Loading ...CCCCCCCCCC done!

Step 10: Reset HyperTerminal’s baud rate to 9600 bps (refer to Step 4 and 5). Then, press any key as prompted. The system will display the following information when it completes the loading.

Bootrom updating.....................................done!

 

 

III. Loading host software

Follow these steps to load the host software:

Step 1: Select <1> in Boot Menu. The system displays the following information:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):3

Step 2: Enter 3 in the above menu to download the host software using XMODEM.

The subsequent steps are the same as those for loading the BootROM software, except that the system gives the prompt for host software loading instead of BootROM loading.

 

 

1.2.3  Loading Software Using TFTP Through Ethernet Port

I. Introduction to TFTP

TFTP, one protocol in TCP/IP protocol suite, is used for trivial file transfer between client and server. It uses UDP to provide unreliable data stream transfer service.

II. Loading BootROM software

Figure 1-6 Local loading using TFTP

Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-6, connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the TFTP server, and connect the switch through the Console port to the configuration PC.

 

 

Step2: Run the TFTP server program on the TFTP server, and specify the path of the program to be downloaded.

 

 

Step 3: Run the HyperTerminal program on the configuration PC. Start the switch. Then enter the Boot Menu.

At the prompt "Enter your choice(0-9):" in the Boot Menu, press <6> or <Ctrl+U>, and then press <Enter> to enter the BootROM update menu shown below:

Bootrom update menu:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Step 4: Enter 1 to in the above menu to download the BootROM software using TFTP. Then set the following TFTP-related parameters as required:

Load File name           :S3100-SI.btm

Switch IP address        :1.1.1.2

Server IP address        :1.1.1.1

Step 5: Press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

Are you sure to update your bootrom?Yes or No(Y/N)

Step 6: Enter Y to start file downloading or N to return to the Bootrom update menu. If you enter Y, the system begins to download and update the BootROM software. Upon completion, the system displays the following information:

Loading........................................done

Bootrom updating..........done!

III. Loading host software

Follow these steps to load the host software.

Step 1: Select <1> in Boot Menu and press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Step 2: Enter 1 in the above menu to download the host software using TFTP.

The subsequent steps are the same as those for loading the BootROM program, except that the system gives the prompt for host software loading instead of BootROM loading.

 

 

1.2.4  Loading Software Using FTP Through Ethernet Port

I. Introduction to FTP

FTP is an application-layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It is used for file transfer between server and client, and is widely used in IP networks.

You can use the switch as an FTP client or a server, and download software to the switch through an Ethernet port. The following is an example.

II. Loading Process Using FTP Client

III. Loading BootROM software

Figure 1-7 Local loading using FTP

Step 1: As shown in Figure 1-7, connect the switch through an Ethernet port to the FTP server, and connect the switch through the Console port to the configuration PC.

 

 

Step 2: Run the FTP server program on the FTP server, configure an FTP user name and password, and copy the program file to the specified FTP directory.

Step 3: Run the HyperTerminal program on the configuration PC. Start the switch. Then enter the Boot Menu.

At the prompt "Enter your choice(0-9):" in the Boot Menu, press <6> or <Ctrl+U>, and then press <Enter> to enter the BootROM update menu shown below:

Bootrom update menu:

 

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Step 4: Enter 2 in the above menu to download the BootROM software using FTP. Then set the following FTP-related parameters as required:

Load File name           :S3100-SI.btm

Switch IP address        :10.1.1.2

Server IP address        :10.1.1.1

FTP User Name            :3100

FTP User Password        :abc

Step 5: Press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

Are you sure to update your bootrom?Yes or No(Y/N)

Step 6: Enter Y to start file downloading or N to return to the Bootrom update menu. If you enter Y, the system begins to download and update the program. Upon completion, the system displays the following information:

Loading........................................done

Bootrom updating..........done!

IV. Loading host software

Follow these steps to load the host software:

Step 1: Select <1> in Boot Menu and press <Enter>. The system displays the following information:

1. Set TFTP protocol parameter

2. Set FTP protocol parameter

3. Set XMODEM protocol parameter

0. Return to boot menu

Enter your choice(0-3):

Enter 2 in the above menu to download the host software using FTP.

The subsequent steps are the same as those for loading the BootROM program, except for that the system gives the prompt for host software loading instead of BootROM loading.

 

 

1.3  Remote Software Loading

If your terminal is not directly connected to the switch, you can telnet to the switch, and use FTP or TFTP to load BootROM and host software remotely.

1.3.1  Remote Loading Using FTP

1)         Loading Bootrom software

As shown in Figure 1-8, a PC is used as both the configuration device and the FTP server. You can telnet to the switch, and then execute the FTP commands to download the host program s3100-SI.bin and the BootROM program s3100-SI.btm from the remote FTP server (with an IP address 10.1.1.1) to the switch.

Figure 1-8 Remote loading using FTP

Step 1: Download the software to the switch using FTP commands.

<H3C> ftp 10.1.1.1

Trying ...

Press CTRL+K to abort

Connected. 

220 WFTPD 2.0 service (by Texas Imperial Software) ready for new user

User(none):abc  

331 Give me your password, please

Password:

230 Logged in successfully

[ftp] get s3100-SI.bin

[ftp] get s3100-SI.btm

[ftp] bye

 

 

Step 2: Update the BootROM program on the switch.

<H3C> boot bootrom S3100-SI.btm

 This will update BootRom file on unit 1. Continue? [Y/N] y

 Upgrading BOOTROM, please wait...

 Upgrade BOOTROM succeeded!

Step 3: Restart the switch.

<H3C> reboot

 

 

2)         Loading host software

Loading the host software is the same as loading the BootROM program, except for that the file to be downloaded is the host software file, and that you need to use the boot boot-loader command to select the host software at reboot of the switch.

After the above operations, the BootROM and host software loading is completed.

Pay attention to the following:

l           The loading of host software takes effect only after you restart the switch with the reboot command.

l           If the space of the Flash memory is not enough, you can delete the useless files in the Flash memory before software downloading.

l           No power-down is permitted during software loading.

1.3.2  Remote Loading Using TFTP

The remote loading using TFTP is similar to that using FTP. The only difference is that TFTP is used instead off FTP to load software to the switch, and the switch can only act as a TFTP client.

 

Chapter 2  Basic System Configuration & Debugging

2.1  Basic System Configuration

The following sections describe the basic system configuration and management tasks:

l           Entering System View from User View

l           Setting the System Name of the Switch

l           Setting the Date and Time

l           Setting the Local Time Zone

l           Setting the Summer Time

l           Setting the CLI Language Mode

l           Returning from Current View to Lower Level View

l           Returning from Current View to User View

2.1.1  Entering System View from User View

Table 2-1 Enter system view from user view

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view from user view	system-view	—

 

2.1.2  Setting the System Name of the Switch

Table 2-2 Set the system name of the switch

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Set the system name of the switch	sysname sysname	Optional By default, the name is H3C.

 

2.1.3  Setting the Date and Time of the System

Perform the following configuration in user view.

Table 2-3 Set the date and time of the system

Operation	Command	Description
Set the current date and time of the system	clock datetime HH:MM:SS YYYY/MM/DD	Optional By default, it is 23:55:00 04/01/2000 when the system starts up.

 

2.1.4  Setting the Local Time Zone

This configuration task is to set the name of the local time zone and the difference between the local time zone and the standard UTC (universal time coordinated) time.

Perform the following configuration in user view.

Table 2-4 Set the local time zone

Operation	Command	Description
Set the local time zone	clock timezone zone-name { add | minus } HH:MM:SS	Optional By default, it is the UTC time zone.

 

2.1.5  Setting the Summer Time

This configuration task is to set the name and time range of the summer timer.

Perform the following configuration in user view.

Table 2-5 Set the summer time

Operation	Command	Description
Set the name and time range of the summer time	clock summer-time zone_name { one-off | repeating } start-time start-date end-time end-date offset-time	Optional

 

2.1.6  Setting the CLI Language Mode

Perform the following configuration in user view.

Table 2-6 Set the CLI language mode

Operation	Command	Description
Set the CLI language mode	language-mode { chinese | english }	Optional By default, the command line interface (CLI) language mode is english.

 

2.1.7  Returning from Current View to Lower Level View

Perform the following operation in system view or a view higher than system view.

Table 2-7 Return from current view to lower level view

Operation	Command	Description
Return from current view to lower level view	quit	This operation will result in exiting the system if current view is user view.

 

2.1.8  Returning from Current View to User View

Perform the following operation in any view.

Table 2-8 Return from current view to user view

Operation	Command	Description
Return from current view to user view	return	The composite key <Ctrl+Z> has the same effect with the return command.

 

2.2  Displaying the System Status

You can use the following display commands to check the status and configuration information about the system. For information about protocols and ports, and the associated display commands, refer to relevant sections.

Perform the following operations in any view.

Table 2-9 System display commands

Operation	Command	Description
Display the current date and time of the system	display clock	Optional
Display the version of the system	display version	Optional
Display the information about user terminal interfaces	display users [ all ]	Optional
Display the debugging status	display debugging [ interface interface-type interface-number ] [ module-name ]	Optional By default, all debugging is disabled in the system.

 

2.3  System Debugging

2.3.1  Enabling/Disabling System Debugging

The Ethernet switch provides a variety of debugging functions. Most of the protocols and features supported by the Ethernet switch are provided with corresponding debugging functions. These debugging functions are a great help for you to diagnose and troubleshoot your switch system.

The output of debugging information is controlled by two kinds of switches:

l           Protocol debugging, which controls whether the debugging information of a protocol is output.

l           Terminal display, which controls whether the debugging information is output to a user screen.

The relation between the two switches is as follows:

Figure 2-1 Debugging information output

You can use the following commands to operate the two kinds of switches.

Perform the following operations in user view.

Table 2-10 Enable debugging and terminal display

Operation	Command	Description
Enable system debugging	debugging { all | module-name [ debugging-option ] }	By default, all debugging is disabled in the system.
Enable terminal display for debugging	terminal debugging	By default, terminal display for debugging is disabled. Because the output of debugging information will affects the efficiency of the system, take care when you enable debugging (especially when you use the debugging all command), and disable all debugging after finishing your debugging.

 

2.3.2  Displaying Operating Information about Modules in System

When your Ethernet switch is in trouble, you may need to view a lot of operating information to locate the problem. Each functional module has its own operating information display command(s). You can use the command here to display the current operating information about the modules (settled when this command is designed) in the system for troubleshooting your system.

Perform the following operation in any view.

Table 2-11 Display the current operation information about the modules in the system.

Operation	Command	Description
Display the current operation information about the modules in the system.	display diagnostic-information	You can execute this command twice and find the difference between the two executing results to locate the problem.

 

Chapter 3  IP Performance Configuration

3.1  IP Performance Configuration

3.1.1  Introduction to TCP Attributes

You can configure the following TCP attributes of the Ethernet switch:

l           synwait timer: When a SYN packet is sent, TCP starts the synwait timer. If no response packet is received before the synwait timer times out, the TCP connection is terminated. The timeout time of this timer ranges from 2 seconds to 600 seconds and defaults to 75 seconds.

l           finwait timer: When the TCP connection status changes from FIN_WAIT_1 to FIN_WAIT_2, the finwait timer is started. If no FIN packet is received before the finwait timer times out, the TCP connection is terminated. The timeout time of this timer ranges from 76 seconds to 3,600 seconds and defaults to 675 seconds.

l           The sizes of receiving and sending buffers of connection-oriented sockets, which range from 1 KB to 32 KB and default to 8 KB.

3.1.2  Configuring TCP Attributes

Table 3-1 Configure TCP attributes

Operation	Command	Description
Enter system view	system-view	—
Set the timeout time of the TCP synwait timer	tcp timer syn-timeout time-value	Optional By default, the timeout time of the TCP synwait timer is 75 seconds.
Set the timeout time of the TCP finwait timer	tcp timer fin-timeout time-value	Optional By default, the timeout time of the TCP finwait timer is 675 seconds.
Set the transceive buffer size of the TCP socket	tcp window window-size	Optional By default, the transceive buffer size is 8 KB.

 

3.2  Displaying and Debugging IP Performance

After the above IP performance configuration, you can execute the display commands in any view to display the system operating status and thus verify the IP performance configuration.

You can execute the reset commands in user view to clear the IP, TCP and UDP traffic statistics. You can also execute the debugging commands to enable different IP performance debugging.

Table 3-2 Display and debug the IP performance

Operation	Command	Description
Display the TCP connection status	display tcp status	You can execute the display commands in any view.
Display the TCP traffic statistics	display tcp statistics
Display the UDP traffic statistics	display udp statistics
Display the IP traffic statistics	display ip statistics
Display the ICMP traffic statistics	display icmp statistics
Display the current socket information of the system	display ip socket [ socktype sock-type ] [ task-id socket-id ]
Display FIB (forward information base) entries	display fib
Clear the IP traffic statistics	reset ip statistics	—
Clear the TCP traffic statistics	reset tcp statistics	—
Clear the UDP traffic statistics	reset udp statistics	—
Enable system debugging	debugging { all | module-name [ debugging-option ] }	—

 

3.3  Troubleshooting the IP Performance Configuration

Symptom: IP packets are forwarded normally, but TCP and UDP do not operate normally.

Solution: Enable related debugging and check the debugging information.

l           Use the display command to check the IP performance of the system, and verify that the PC is operating normally.

l           Use the terminal debugging command to output the debugging information to the console.

l           Use the debugging udp packet command to enable UDP debugging to track UDP data packets.

 

Chapter 4  Network Connectivity Test

4.1  Network Connectivity Test

4.1.1  ping

You can use the ping command to check the network connectivity and the reachability of a host.

Table 4-1 The ping c